本文關(guān)鍵詞：東阿拉善—西鄂爾多斯九種荒漠植物重金屬分布特征　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 荒漠植物 重金屬 化學(xué)形態(tài) 生物富集 東阿拉善-西鄂爾多斯

【摘要】：近三十年來東阿拉善-西鄂爾多斯地區(qū)煤炭、冶金、焦化和化工工業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展致使該區(qū)域的重金屬污染日趨嚴(yán)重。為了廓清該區(qū)域土壤-植物系統(tǒng)重金屬分布特征,對其九種荒漠植物四合木(Tetraenamongolica Maxim)、半日花(Helianthemum soongaricum Schrenk)、革苞菊(Tugarinovia mongolica Iljin)、白刺(Nitraria tangutorum Bobr)、沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus(Maxim.)Chengf)、霸王(Sarcozygium xanthoxylon Bunge)、綿刺(Potaninia mongolica Maxim)、梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron(C.A.Mey.)Bunge)和長葉紅砂(Reaumuria trigyna Maxim)的根際周圍土壤和器官中的10種重金屬(Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cd、As、Se、Hg)含量、根際周圍土壤重金屬形態(tài)進(jìn)行了測定,分析了植物各部位重金屬含量特征、根際周圍土壤重金屬形態(tài)特征、土壤重金屬污染特征、植物對重金屬的富集特征,研究結(jié)果表明:(1)九種荒漠植物富集重金屬的種類與特征不盡相同。其中孑遺植物四合木具有超富集Hg元素的特征,半日花具有超富集Cr元素的特征,白刺具有超富集Cu、Zn、Cd、As元素的特征,沙冬青具有超富集Ni、As元素的特征,霸王具有超富集Zn元素的特征,綿刺具有超富集Cr、Cu元素的特征,梭梭具有超富集Cu、Mn、Pb、Zn元素的特征,長葉紅砂具有超富集Cr元素的特征。(2)九種植物根際周圍土壤Cr的有效態(tài)以可交換態(tài)為主,Cu、Mn、Pb的以Fe-Mn結(jié)合氧化態(tài)、有機(jī)物結(jié)合態(tài)為主,Ni的以可交換態(tài)、Fe-Mn結(jié)合氧化態(tài)、有機(jī)物結(jié)合態(tài)為主,Zn的以碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)、Fe-Mn結(jié)合氧化態(tài)、有機(jī)物結(jié)合態(tài)為主,As、Hg元素的有效態(tài)含量差異不大。(3)夏秋兩季九種荒漠植物根際周圍土壤10種重金屬元素的含量只有Ni元素的實(shí)測含量均未超過內(nèi)蒙古土壤環(huán)境元素背景值;各個(gè)種群夏秋兩季根際周圍土壤中Cd元素的潛在生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)程度都較其他元素的嚴(yán)重,各種群Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cd、As、Hg元素總的潛在生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)程度夏季以海南種群四合木根際周圍土壤最為嚴(yán)重,秋季以石嘴山半日花根際周圍土壤最為嚴(yán)重。(4)夏季四合木根際周圍土壤中Zn元素的含量與根中以及地上部分Zn元素的含量顯著相關(guān);秋季四合木根際周圍土壤中Cr元素的含量與根中Cr元素的含量顯著相關(guān)。(5)植物不同器官中含量最高的元素以Zn、Mn、Cr為主且同種元素一般是葉中含量最高。研究結(jié)果以期為我國荒漠生態(tài)系統(tǒng)重金屬污染防治和生物多樣性保護(hù)提供基礎(chǔ)資料與案例借鑒。
[Abstract]:In recent thirty years, the East Alashan west area Erdos coal, metallurgy, coking and chemical industry rapid development in the area of heavy metal pollution has become increasingly serious. In order to clarify the regional distribution characteristics of heavy metals in soil plant system, the nine desert plants four wood (Tetraenamongolica Maxim), Helianthemum ordosicum (Helianthemum soongaricum Schrenk). Tugarinovia mongolica (Tugarinovia mongolica Iljin), white thorn (Nitraria tangutorum Bobr), Ammopiptanthusmongolicus (Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim.) Chengf (Sarcozygium xanthoxylon Bunge), King (Potaninia mongolica), potaniniamongolicamaxim (Haloxylon Maxim), Soso ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bunge) and reaumuriatrigynamaxim (Reaumuria trigyna Maxim) 10 heavy metals in soil and the surrounding organs in the rhizosphere (Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, As, Se, Hg) content, the forms of heavy metals in soil around the rhizosphere were determined, analyzed each part of the plant A heavy metal content of heavy metals in the soil around the rhizosphere characteristics, morphological characteristics, characteristics of soil heavy metal pollution, heavy metal enrichment of plants, the results show that: (1) the types and characteristics of nine kinds of desert plants to accumulate heavy metals are not the same. There are four wood relict plant with super Hg enrichment, h.songaricum features super Cr enrichment, white thorn with super Zn, Cd, Cu enrichment, characteristics of As, Ammopiptanthusmongolicus with ultra concentrated Ni, characteristics of As, characteristics of Zn enrichment with super overlord, potaniniamongolicamaxim with ultra concentrated Cr, characteristics of Cu, with the enrichment of Cu Mn ammodendron, Pb. The characteristics of Zn, elements, features Ye Hongsha with super Cr enrichment. (2) the available Cr in the soil around the rhizosphere of nine plant species in exchangeable form, Cu, Mn, Pb, Fe-Mn combined with oxidation state and organic bound, Ni in the exchangeable state, Fe-Mn combined with oxidation State, bound to organic matter, Zn in carbonates, Fe-Mn combined with oxidation state, bound to organic matter, As, difference between the content of available Hg elements. (3) the actual content of only Ni elements in the summer two season of nine desert species in rhizosphere soil of 10 kinds of heavy metal elements were no more than the Inner Mongolia soil environmental background values of elements; the degree of potential ecological risks in the summer two season as all species in the soil around the Cd elements than all other elements, a variety of groups Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, As, Hg elements of potential ecological risk degree in summer in Hainan Cheng total population four root when the surrounding soil is most serious, autumn in Shizuishan h.songaricum rhizosphere soil around the most serious. (4) correlated significantly and the content of the root Zn element in soil around summer four at the root and aboveground Zn elements; autumn four as root in soil around Cr The content of Cr were significantly correlated with root elements. The elements of plant (5) content in different organs of the highest in Zn, Mn, Cr and the same element is generally the highest content in leaf. The results of the study for desert ecosystem in China heavy metal pollution prevention and protection of biodiversity and to provide basic data the case for reference.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X173

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