本文關(guān)鍵詞：大河口水庫(kù)氮污染特征及同位素源解析研究　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 大河口水庫(kù) 氮污染特征 大氣沉降 穩(wěn)定同位素技術(shù) 源解析

【摘要】：我國(guó)是人均水資源較為貧乏的國(guó)家,自然湖泊和人工水庫(kù)在經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)與社會(huì)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著極其重要的作用。近幾十年來(lái),伴隨著人口增長(zhǎng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,地表水污染日益嚴(yán)重,其中湖泊、水庫(kù)污染更為嚴(yán)重。本文以地處沙源區(qū)大河口水庫(kù)水體、上游水體、大氣干濕沉降及周邊典型地塊作為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)采集樣品并測(cè)定硝態(tài)氮、亞硝態(tài)氮、氨態(tài)氮、總氮、化學(xué)需氧量以及δ15N-N03、δ180-N03等指標(biāo),運(yùn)用SPSS統(tǒng)計(jì)分析軟件和Arcgis繪圖軟件,分析水庫(kù)及上游水體不同形態(tài)氮的污染狀況和分布特征,應(yīng)用穩(wěn)定同位素技術(shù)解析大河口水庫(kù)氮污染主要來(lái)源。得出主要結(jié)論如下:(1)水庫(kù)枯水期氮污染化學(xué)特征主要以N03-N為主,局部水域濃度可達(dá)到1.61mg/L,平水期與豐水期氮污染化學(xué)形態(tài)主要以TN為主,最大值分別為14.10mg/L、10.52mg/L。受農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的影響,水庫(kù)上游河道水體中NH3-N濃度在豐水期濃度最高,最大濃度1.63mg/L。(2)2016年水庫(kù)上游河流輸入TN污染負(fù)荷量為21.05t,占TN入庫(kù)污染負(fù)荷總量的72.3%,大氣沉降占TN污染負(fù)荷總量的27.7%。通過(guò)對(duì)入庫(kù)河流徑流和大氣沉降兩種外源氮輸入進(jìn)行污染負(fù)荷量估算和貢獻(xiàn)率計(jì)算。結(jié)果表明,上游河流徑流TN輸入是引起水庫(kù)氮污染的主要成因。(3)應(yīng)用穩(wěn)定同位素技術(shù)對(duì)入庫(kù)河流源解析得出,冬季入庫(kù)河流水體中有81.21%的樣品δ15N-NO3與8180-NO3值落入生活污水與人畜糞便特征值域范圍內(nèi),而在夏季受農(nóng)業(yè)面源及降雨量等多重因素的影響,化學(xué)肥料、人畜糞便成為入庫(kù)河流主要氮污染來(lái)源。(4)對(duì)水庫(kù)大氣干沉降氮污染源解析研究發(fā)現(xiàn),春、秋、冬季節(jié)大氣干沉降樣品δ15N-N值落入可辨別沙地、耕地特征區(qū)間范圍占總樣本數(shù)的40%以上,證明沙地、耕地為水庫(kù)大氣干沉降氮污染的主要來(lái)源,結(jié)合水庫(kù)周邊土地利用類型以及氣候特征等因素,可以判定夏季大氣干沉降氮污染主要源于周邊沙地。
[Abstract]:China is a country with relatively poor per capita water resources. Natural lakes and artificial reservoirs play an extremely important role in economic construction and social development. In recent decades, population growth and rapid economic development have been accompanied by. Surface water pollution is becoming more and more serious, especially lakes and reservoirs. This paper takes the water body of Dahekou Reservoir, upstream water body, dry and wet deposition of atmosphere and typical land block around as the research object. The samples were collected and the indexes such as nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand and 未 15N-N03, 未 180-N03 were determined. The pollution status and distribution characteristics of different nitrogen forms in reservoirs and upstream waters were analyzed by using SPSS statistical analysis software and Arcgis drawing software. The main sources of nitrogen pollution in Dahekou reservoir are analyzed by using stable isotope technique. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the chemical characteristics of nitrogen pollution in the dry season of the reservoir are mainly N03-N. Local water concentration can reach 1.61 mg 路L ~ (-1), nitrogen pollution chemical form is mainly TN in the normal and high water periods, the maximum value is 14.10 mg / L, respectively. Under the influence of agricultural non-point source pollution, the concentration of NH3-N in the upper reaches of the reservoir was the highest in the high water season. In 2016, the input TN pollution load of upstream river was 21.05 t, accounting for 72.3% of the total TN pollution load. Atmospheric deposition accounts for 27.7% of the total TN pollution load. The pollution load and the contribution rate of the two exogenous nitrogen inputs into the reservoir are estimated and calculated. TN input from upstream river runoff is the main cause of nitrogen pollution in reservoirs. In winter, 81.21% samples of 未 15N-NO _ 3 and 8180-no _ 3 fall into the characteristic range of domestic sewage and human and animal faeces. And in summer by agricultural non-point source and rainfall and other factors, chemical fertilizer, human and animal manure become the main source of nitrogen pollution into the reservoir river. In autumn and winter, the 未 15N-N value of atmospheric dry deposition samples fell into discernible sandy land, and the range of cultivated land characteristics accounted for more than 40% of the total samples, which proved that sandy land. Cultivated land is the main source of nitrogen pollution caused by dry deposition of the reservoir. Combined with the types of land use and climatic characteristics around the reservoir, it can be determined that nitrogen pollution of dry deposition of the atmosphere in summer mainly comes from the surrounding sandy land.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X524

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