本文關(guān)鍵詞：生物碳結(jié)構(gòu)特性及其聯(lián)合藻類修復(fù)水體研究　出處：《河北工程大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 生物碳 小麥秸稈 水稻秸稈 小球藻 濾出液 Pb

【摘要】：生物碳是農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄生物質(zhì)經(jīng)裂解制備的富含有機(jī)碳和礦物質(zhì)、結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的碳材料。生物碳含有豐富的礦物質(zhì)元素可以為植物生長提供養(yǎng)分,常被用于土壤改良劑。另外生物碳含有豐富的含氧官能團(tuán),也常用于污染環(huán)境修復(fù)。但是關(guān)于生物碳的老化過程及其老化過程中溶出物對(duì)水生生物的影響的研究還十分少。除此之外,小球藻也常被用作環(huán)境修復(fù)材料,生物碳與小球藻同時(shí)存在時(shí),關(guān)于兩者的吸附性相互影響的研究還是空白。本文在以下四方面對(duì)生物碳進(jìn)行了研究:采用不同溫度制備生物碳,研究其組成結(jié)構(gòu)及物理化學(xué)性質(zhì);使用水洗方法模擬生物碳老化過程,測(cè)定生物碳中主要元素的溶出量,并對(duì)老化后生物碳進(jìn)行表征;使用生物碳濾出液培養(yǎng)小球藻,研究不同濾出液對(duì)小球藻生長的影響;生物碳與小球藻聯(lián)合吸附重金屬鉛。主要結(jié)論如下:(1)隨著裂解溫度的升高,生物碳的pH值升高,產(chǎn)率逐漸下降,灰分含量增大,生物碳的芳香性增加、極性降低、親水性下降,且小麥秸稈生物碳的產(chǎn)率和灰分含量均小于水稻秸稈生物碳。(2)生物碳老化過程中,生物碳濾出液的pH值呈下降趨勢(shì),生物碳中碳、硅、鉀的溶出量先是快速下降,然后逐漸減少,最后溶出量趨于平穩(wěn)。但是氮的溶出量是先較少溶出,在水洗第8次時(shí)迅速上升,在第10次左右均達(dá)到最大溶出量后又開始快速下降,在第15次過濾之后的溶出量較平穩(wěn)。水洗過程將生物碳表面含硅礦物去除了,生物碳的結(jié)構(gòu)被破壞,使得生物碳的表面變得蓬松。(3)生物碳濾出液可以為小球藻提供必需的營養(yǎng)元素,如碳、氮等。有機(jī)碳含量和培養(yǎng)液的pH是影響小球藻的主要因素。低溫生物碳(WS300和RS300)溶出的有機(jī)碳量較大,另外其pH接近中性,較適合小球藻生長。(4)小麥秸稈生物碳和小球藻的等溫吸附曲線均符合Langmuir擬合方程。生物碳與小球藻聯(lián)合吸附比單獨(dú)吸附的吸附效果好,小球藻的吸附平衡時(shí)間較短,在初始溶液中Pb較低時(shí),小球藻基本可以完全吸附Pb。隨著初始溶液中Pb濃度的升高,生物碳可以吸附小球藻吸附剩余的Pb,生物碳與小球藻的單獨(dú)吸附時(shí)對(duì)Pb的去除率之和約等于聯(lián)合吸附。
[Abstract]:Biological carbon is a kind of carbon material which is rich in organic carbon and minerals and has complex structure, which can provide nutrients for plant growth. It is often used as a soil modifier. In addition, biological carbon is rich in oxygen-containing functional groups. But there are few studies on the aging process of biological carbon and the effects of dissolved substances on aquatic organisms. In addition, Chlorella vulgaris is also often used as an environmental remediation material. When biocarbon and Chlorella microphylla exist at the same time, the study on the interaction between biocarbon and Chlorella spp is still blank. In this paper, the following four aspects of biological carbon were studied: using different temperatures to prepare biological carbon. Its composition structure and physicochemical properties were studied. The water washing method was used to simulate the biological carbon aging process, to determine the dissolution of the main elements in the biological carbon, and to characterize the aging biological carbon. The effects of different filtrates on the growth of Chlorella vulgaris were studied by using biological carbon filtrate to culture Chlorella vulgaris. The main conclusions are as follows: with the increase of decomposition temperature, the pH value of biological carbon increases, the yield decreases, the ash content increases, and the aromaticity of biological carbon increases. When the polarity decreased and hydrophilicity decreased, and the yield of biomass carbon and ash content of wheat straw were lower than those of rice straw, the pH value of biocarbon filtrate decreased. The dissolved amount of carbon, silicon and potassium in biological carbon first decreased rapidly, then gradually decreased, and finally the amount of dissolved nitrogen tended to be stable. However, the amount of nitrogen dissolved was less, and increased rapidly at the eighth time of washing. After 10 ~ (th) maximum dissolution, it began to decrease rapidly, and after the 15 ~ (th) filtration, the dissolved amount was relatively stable. The structure of the biological carbon was destroyed by the removal of silicon-containing minerals on the surface of the biological carbon during the washing process. Make the surface of biological carbon fluffy. 3) Biocarbon filtrates can provide essential nutrients such as carbon for Chlorella sp. Nitrogen and so on. Organic carbon content and pH of culture medium are the main factors affecting Chlorella vulgaris. Low temperature biological carbon WS300 and RS300) dissolving organic carbon amount is larger, and its pH value is close to neutral. The isothermal adsorption curves of wheat straw biological carbon and Chlorella microphylla all accord with Langmuir equation. The adsorption effect of biocarbon combined with Chlorella vulgaris is better than that of single adsorption. The adsorption equilibrium time of Chlorella microphylla is short. When Pb is low in the initial solution, Chlorella spp can completely adsorb Pb with the increase of Pb concentration in the initial solution. Biocarbon can adsorb the residual Pb of Chlorella microphylla, and the total removal rate of Pb by the single adsorption of biocarbon and Chlorella is about equal to that of the combined adsorption.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X52

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