本文關(guān)鍵詞：鉬酸鹽光催化劑的制備及其降解羅丹明B性能的研究　出處：《新疆師范大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 光催化技術(shù) 鉬酸鹽 水熱-溶劑熱法 光催化活性

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟和工業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,人類對能源的需求也在增加,伴隨著石油能源的開發(fā),對環(huán)境帶來嚴重的污染,因此對含油污水進行有效治理環(huán)境問題引起了人們越來越多的關(guān)注。廢水中的有機污染物雖然它的含量和濃度不是很高,但是其毒性比較大,并且在自然界中難以自我降解,存在壽命比較長,由于這些特有的屬性近幾年來對環(huán)境和人類健康帶來嚴重的危害,是我國目前造成環(huán)境污染問題的原因之一。因此在大氣和水污染凈化治理及環(huán)保領(lǐng)域?qū)r格廉價,性能高和安全性高的綠色材料和技術(shù)的需求也在提高。而新型半導體光催化技術(shù)作為利用可再生、無污染的太陽能源通過光反應,形成羥基自由基將污水中的有機污染物氧化成水和CO_2等無機小分子來達到降解效果的一門技術(shù),光催化技術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)的處理技術(shù)相比它具有操作簡便,速度快,降解完全并且沒有二次污染物等優(yōu)點,因此在解決污水環(huán)境污染方面倍受研究者的青睞。本論文主要是對鉬酸鹽光催化半導體材料的制備,表征及對羅丹明B有機污染物的光催化活性進行了一系列的研究。研究主要包括以下三個內(nèi)容:(1)在沒有添加任何表面活性劑的情況下,利用水熱-溶劑熱法和高溫固相法,控制合成溫度和時間來制備出正交結(jié)構(gòu)的Cu_3Mo_2O_9光催化劑并使用X-射線粉末衍射(XRD)、透射電鏡(TEM)和高分辨透射電鏡(HRTEM)、紫外-可見吸收光譜(UV-VIS)等檢測手段對所制備的光催化樣品進行了表征,通過對樣品的XRD分析研究得出催化劑在190℃反應18h為最佳合成條件。經(jīng)過對有機污染物羅丹明B的降解可以發(fā)現(xiàn),使用所制備的光催化劑Cu_3Mo_2O_9對羅丹明B進行光催化降解,在室溫下60分鐘內(nèi)其降解率可以達到89.2%。(2)利用水熱-溶劑熱法,以水和乙二醇作為溶劑,在不同溫度條件下反應12h制備正交結(jié)構(gòu)的Bi_2MoO_6光催化劑。借助XRD、SEM、紫外可見漫吸收光譜等對樣品進行了分析。從XRD和SEM分析研究了樣品的形成過程及其形貌的變化,結(jié)果表明在不同溫度條件下均能制備出目標產(chǎn)物Bi_2MoO_6。但是樣品出現(xiàn)不同的形貌。樣品的光催化活性以羅丹明B作為目標降解物,以氙燈作為光源,使用不同溫度下制備的催化劑進行降解來比較樣品的光催化活性。研究結(jié)果證明,在200℃溫度下反應12h制備得出的樣品具有最佳光催化活性,其降解率可以高達到96.2%。(3)利用水熱-溶劑熱法,用乙醇作為溶劑,在100℃溫度條件下分別反應8h、10h、12h、14h制備出光催化劑Ag_2MoO_4,用一系列的表征方法對其結(jié)構(gòu)、形貌進分析。用羅丹明B為目標降解物,在一個小內(nèi)對它進行了光催化降解實驗,最終得到在100℃條件下反應10小時制備的光催化劑Ag_2MoO_4跟其他條件下制備的催化劑相比,具有最佳的光催化活性。因此可以判定為同一溫度條件下制備催化劑時,反應時間為10小時是本實驗中最佳的制備條件。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and industry, the human demand for energy is also increasing. With the development of petroleum energy, it brings serious pollution to the environment. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the effective treatment of oily wastewater. Although the content and concentration of organic pollutants in wastewater is not very high, its toxicity is relatively high. And it is difficult to self-degrade in nature, the existence of life is relatively long, due to these unique properties of the environment and human health brought serious harm in recent years. It is one of the causes of environmental pollution in our country at present. Therefore, the price is cheap in the field of air and water pollution purification and environmental protection. The demand for green materials and technologies with high performance and high safety is also increasing, while new semiconductor photocatalytic technologies are used to use renewable, pollution-free solar energy through light reactions. The technology of forming hydroxyl radical to oxidize organic pollutants in wastewater into water and inorganic small molecules such as CO_2 to achieve degradation effect. Compared with traditional treatment technology, photocatalytic technology is easy to operate. Because of the advantages of high speed, complete degradation and no secondary pollutants, many researchers are interested in solving the environmental pollution of sewage. In this paper, the preparation of molybdate photocatalytic semiconductor materials is studied. A series of studies on the photocatalytic activity of Rhodamine B organic pollutants were carried out. The study mainly includes the following three contents: 1) without adding any surfactants. The orthogonal structure Cu_3Mo_2O_9 photocatalyst was prepared by hydrothermal solvothermal method and high temperature solid state method. The photocatalytic samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and UV-Vis (UV-Vis). The XRD analysis of the samples showed that the catalyst was the best reaction condition at 190 鈩，

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