本文關(guān)鍵詞：塑料垃圾裂解機(jī)理及實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置的設(shè)計(jì)研究　出處：《青島科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 塑料垃圾 裂解 設(shè)計(jì) 電磁仿真

【摘要】：近些年來,我國(guó)塑料工業(yè)得到了長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展,層出不窮的塑料制品已經(jīng)滲透到國(guó)民生活的方方面面,成為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畈豢苫蛉钡谋匦杵�。塑料垃圾急劇增加�?dǎo)致了環(huán)境污染日趨嚴(yán)重,“白色污染”已成為環(huán)境保護(hù)的突出問題。因此,探索高效、經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)保的回收利用技術(shù)已迫在眉睫。本文針對(duì)常見的塑料垃圾回收利用方法,分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外一些主要塑料垃圾處理技術(shù)優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),利用電磁加熱理論,研究了塑料垃圾的裂解機(jī)理,指出了塑料垃圾現(xiàn)有處理技術(shù)的不足,提出了一種新型的塑料垃圾處理方式——電磁裂解。通過對(duì)電磁加熱機(jī)理深入地研究,基于電磁加熱的特點(diǎn)以及亟待解決的問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一套新型塑料垃圾電磁裂解實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置。該實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置主要由裂解腔、攪拌軸、加熱器、控制柜、溫度傳感器等構(gòu)成。對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的裂解實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置基于ANSYS Workbench進(jìn)行了熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合仿真分析。在理論腔體溫度條件下,獲得了裂解實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置各部分的溫度分布、應(yīng)力、應(yīng)變等數(shù)據(jù)。經(jīng)綜合分析,裂解實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置滿足設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度要求。利用Maxwell與ANSYS Workbench軟件,對(duì)裂解實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置進(jìn)行了電磁-熱耦合仿真。利用對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化得到的模型,通過設(shè)置各項(xiàng)仿真參數(shù)進(jìn)而獲得了磁場(chǎng)、電流密度、渦流損耗等分布云圖;對(duì)在不同線圈螺距下的裂解腔渦流仿真云圖進(jìn)行分析,認(rèn)為,當(dāng)加熱線圈纏繞螺距最小即緊密纏繞排布時(shí),其渦流感應(yīng)加熱溫度分布最強(qiáng)區(qū)與裂解腔吻合,加熱效果最佳。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,本課題研究的裂解實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置可以測(cè)試不同加熱時(shí)間段以及各溫度區(qū)間下塑料垃圾的熔融、裂解狀態(tài),以及測(cè)試塑料垃圾在靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)兩種狀態(tài)下的溫升、裂解、融化、粘附狀況。得到的塑料垃圾電磁裂解工藝及相關(guān)結(jié)論可為后續(xù)大型塑料垃圾電磁裂解設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)及使用提供重要參考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's plastics industry has made great progress. The endless stream of plastic products has penetrated into all aspects of national life, and become an indispensable necessities for people's daily life. The rapid increase of plastic waste leads to the serious environmental pollution, and "white pollution" has become a prominent problem of environmental protection. Therefore, it is imminent to explore the efficient, economic and environmental recycling technology. According to the common plastic waste recycling method, analysis of some of the major domestic and foreign plastic waste treatment technology advantages and disadvantages, the use of electromagnetic heating theory, study the pyrolysis mechanism of plastic waste, pointed out the deficiencies of the existing processing technology of plastic garbage, put forward a new type of plastic waste treatment method, electromagnetic cracking. Based on the in-depth study of the electromagnetic heating mechanism and based on the characteristics of electromagnetic heating and the problems to be solved, a new experimental device for electromagnetic cracking of plastic waste is designed. The experimental device mainly consists of a cracking chamber, a mixing shaft, a heater, a control cabinet, a temperature sensor and so on. The thermal structure coupling simulation analysis was carried out on the designed pyrolysis experiment device based on ANSYS Workbench. Under the temperature condition of the theoretical cavity, the temperature distribution, stress, strain and other data of each part of the pyrolysis experimental device were obtained. Through comprehensive analysis, the cracking test device meets the requirements of the design strength. By using Maxwell and ANSYS Workbench software, the electromagnetic thermal coupling simulation of the pyrolysis experiment device is carried out. The use of the experimental device simplified model, by setting the simulation parameters and the magnetic field, current density, eddy current loss equally distributed figure; on cracking cavity eddy simulation images in different coil pitch analysis of that, when the heating coil winding pitch is tightly wound minimum arrangement, the eddy current heating the temperature distribution of the strongest zone and cracking cavity anastomosis, the heating effect is the best. The experimental results show that the pyrolysis test device can test the melting and cracking state of plastic waste under different heating time and temperature range, and test the temperature rise, cracking, melting and adhesion status of plastic waste in two states of static and dynamic state. The electromagnetic cracking process of plastic waste and the related conclusions can provide important reference for the design and use of the subsequent large plastic waste electromagnetic cracking equipment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X705

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本文編號(hào)：1342595