關(guān)于當(dāng)代農(nóng)民歸信基督教動因的研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-30 13:12
【摘要】：一九八零年代以后,基督教在我國農(nóng)村社會發(fā)展迅速,大批農(nóng)民皈依基督教。本文作者通過理論研究和個案訪談的方式,對山東省N村歸信基督教的農(nóng)民這些個案按照皈依原因劃分為不同的類型,來具體探討當(dāng)代農(nóng)民歸信基督教的原因。通過理論研究和實地考察,本文認為,重構(gòu)由于社會變遷造成的紊亂生活秩序是一九八零年代后農(nóng)民皈依基督教的重要原因。我國農(nóng)村社會結(jié)構(gòu)在一九八零年代以后發(fā)生了重大的變遷,主要表現(xiàn)在個體社會行動的規(guī)范結(jié)構(gòu)方面和社會組織的運行結(jié)構(gòu)方面。這些社會結(jié)構(gòu)上的變遷給農(nóng)民穩(wěn)定的生活秩序帶來一些紊亂的因素。生活在這一社會情境之下,一些農(nóng)民在基本的物質(zhì)生存、情感依歸和價值實現(xiàn)方面產(chǎn)生了一系列的問題。這三方面秩序的紊亂造成了農(nóng)民整體生活秩序的紊亂。根據(jù)彼得·伯格的觀點,人類社會歷史本身就是一個不斷追尋穩(wěn)定秩序的過程。一九八零年代后,中國農(nóng)村社會變遷使農(nóng)民生活的正常秩序出現(xiàn)了一定程度的紊亂,農(nóng)民的生活秩序亟待重建。彼得·伯格認為,宗教就是社會成員用神圣的觀點建構(gòu)世界和秩序。因此,宗教系統(tǒng)具備一種完善的結(jié)構(gòu),能夠成為社會成員建構(gòu)生活秩序的工具。農(nóng)民可以利用基督教的武器重建他們自身的生活秩序。根據(jù)“宗教俱樂部”模型,任何一個宗教都像一個俱樂部一樣能夠為成員提供各種類型的資源,信徒皈依的過程是一個理性的、權(quán)衡利弊以獲取最多資源謀取最大化利益的過程。因此,面對社會結(jié)構(gòu)變遷引起的生活秩序混亂,農(nóng)民皈依基督教并不只是被動地“被發(fā)展”成為基督信徒。作為社會行動者,農(nóng)民群體具有能動性。農(nóng)民成為基督信徒是這樣的希望：他們在生活困境中希望利用基督教不斷重新建構(gòu)起自身生活的穩(wěn)定秩序。皈依基督教,他們可以借助基督教這一工具,利用這一系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的各種類型的資源,解決自身無法在現(xiàn)有社會結(jié)構(gòu)得以解決的問題,最終重新構(gòu)建起自身穩(wěn)定的生活秩序。這些農(nóng)民基督教信徒在應(yīng)對社會結(jié)構(gòu)變遷帶來的秩序紊亂的同時,在重建自身生活的秩序的過程中,完成了對基督教的皈依。
[Abstract]:After 1980 s, Christianity developed rapidly in rural society of our country, a large number of peasants converted to Christianity. By means of theoretical research and case interviews, the author discusses the reasons for the conversion of modern peasants to Christianity by dividing these cases into different types according to the reasons of conversion in N Village of Shandong Province. Through theoretical research and field investigation, this paper holds that reconstructing the disorder of life caused by social changes is an important reason for peasants' conversion to Christianity after the 1980s. The rural social structure in China has undergone great changes since the 1980s, mainly in the normative structure of individual social action and the operational structure of social organization. These changes in the social structure of farmers to bring some stable order of life disorder factors. Living in this social situation, some farmers have a series of problems in basic material survival, emotional attachment and value realization. These three aspects of the disorder of order caused the disorder of the overall order of life of farmers. According to Peter Berg, the history of human society itself is a process of constant pursuit of stable order. Since 1980's, the normal order of peasants' life has been disturbed by the social changes in rural China, and the order of peasants' life needs to be rebuilt. According to Peter Berg, religion is the construction of the world and order by members of society from a sacred point of view. Therefore, the religious system has a perfect structure and can become a tool for social members to construct order of life. Farmers can use Christian weapons to rebuild their own order of life. According to the "religious club" model, any religion can provide all kinds of resources to its members like a club, and the process of conversion is a rational one. The process of balancing the pros and cons in order to maximize the benefits of the most resources. Therefore, in the face of the disorder of life caused by the change of social structure, the conversion of peasants to Christianity is not only passively "developed" to become a Christian believer. As social actors, peasant groups are active. The hope of farmers becoming Christians is that they use Christianity to re-establish a stable order in their lives. To convert to Christianity, they can use Christianity as a tool, use all kinds of resources in this system, solve the problems that they can not solve in the existing social structure, and finally rebuild their own stable order of life. While dealing with the disorder of order brought about by the change of social structure, these peasants' Christian believers completed their conversion to Christianity in the process of rebuilding the order of their own life.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南開大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：B978
本文編號：2395628
[Abstract]:After 1980 s, Christianity developed rapidly in rural society of our country, a large number of peasants converted to Christianity. By means of theoretical research and case interviews, the author discusses the reasons for the conversion of modern peasants to Christianity by dividing these cases into different types according to the reasons of conversion in N Village of Shandong Province. Through theoretical research and field investigation, this paper holds that reconstructing the disorder of life caused by social changes is an important reason for peasants' conversion to Christianity after the 1980s. The rural social structure in China has undergone great changes since the 1980s, mainly in the normative structure of individual social action and the operational structure of social organization. These changes in the social structure of farmers to bring some stable order of life disorder factors. Living in this social situation, some farmers have a series of problems in basic material survival, emotional attachment and value realization. These three aspects of the disorder of order caused the disorder of the overall order of life of farmers. According to Peter Berg, the history of human society itself is a process of constant pursuit of stable order. Since 1980's, the normal order of peasants' life has been disturbed by the social changes in rural China, and the order of peasants' life needs to be rebuilt. According to Peter Berg, religion is the construction of the world and order by members of society from a sacred point of view. Therefore, the religious system has a perfect structure and can become a tool for social members to construct order of life. Farmers can use Christian weapons to rebuild their own order of life. According to the "religious club" model, any religion can provide all kinds of resources to its members like a club, and the process of conversion is a rational one. The process of balancing the pros and cons in order to maximize the benefits of the most resources. Therefore, in the face of the disorder of life caused by the change of social structure, the conversion of peasants to Christianity is not only passively "developed" to become a Christian believer. As social actors, peasant groups are active. The hope of farmers becoming Christians is that they use Christianity to re-establish a stable order in their lives. To convert to Christianity, they can use Christianity as a tool, use all kinds of resources in this system, solve the problems that they can not solve in the existing social structure, and finally rebuild their own stable order of life. While dealing with the disorder of order brought about by the change of social structure, these peasants' Christian believers completed their conversion to Christianity in the process of rebuilding the order of their own life.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南開大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：B978
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