本文選題：黃宗羲 + 利瑪竇　； 參考：《華僑大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版)》2017年06期

【摘要】：黃宗羲從氣本論的宇宙本體論及注重經(jīng)世致用與道德教化的立場(chǎng)出發(fā),在批判程朱理學(xué)的同時(shí)回歸先秦儒學(xué)原典,批判了道教魂魄說及中醫(yī)的魂魄五行相配說,從氣本論出發(fā)區(qū)分人性與物性,批判了程朱的性即理說及佛教地獄輪回說,并對(duì)祭祀及圣賢靈魂不朽給予理性解釋,在批判朱熹魂氣感格說的同時(shí)維護(hù)了儒家人文信仰。利瑪竇基于天主賦魂說與天堂地獄賞罰論,批判了儒家基于氣化論的魂滅說、佛教輪回說,并給予儒家祭祀以非宗教性的解釋。雙方在魂魄的根源及本質(zhì)、靈魂是否散滅、地獄有無的認(rèn)識(shí)上對(duì)立,在對(duì)程朱理學(xué)與佛教輪回說的批判及祭祀的世俗功能認(rèn)識(shí)上基本一致,體現(xiàn)了主流儒家學(xué)者基于自身立場(chǎng)對(duì)利瑪竇倡導(dǎo)的適應(yīng)中國國情傳教策略的批判性回應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:From the standpoint of the cosmic ontology of Qi-based theory and the emphasis on practical application and moral education, Huang Zongxi came back to the original code of Confucianism in the pre-Qin period while criticizing Neo-Confucianism, criticizing the soul of Taoism and the theory of matching the five elements of the soul of traditional Chinese medicine. Starting from the theory of Qi, this paper distinguishes human nature from materiality, criticizes Cheng Zhu's theory of nature and the theory of Buddhist hellish reincarnation, and gives a rational explanation to sacrifice and immortal saints, thus criticizing Zhu Xi's theory of spiritual spirit and feeling sense of spirit and maintaining Confucian humanistic belief at the same time. Based on the theory of God and the reward and punishment of Heaven and Hell, Matteo Ricci criticizes the spiritualism theory and Buddhist reincarnation theory of Confucianism based on the theory of gasification, and gives a non-religious explanation to the sacrifice of the Confucianists. The two sides are basically in line with each other in terms of the origin and nature of the soul, whether the soul is scattered or not, the understanding of whether there is any hell or not, and the basic understanding of the criticism of Neo-Confucianism and Buddhism's samsara and the secular function of sacrifice. It reflects the critical response of mainstream Confucian scholars to the missionary strategy advocated by Matteo Ricci.
【作者單位】： 武漢大學(xué)哲學(xué)學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金后期資助項(xiàng)目“《宋元學(xué)案》綜合研究”(17FZX013) 教育部人文社會(huì)科學(xué)重點(diǎn)研究基地重大項(xiàng)目“陽明心學(xué)的歷史淵源及其近代轉(zhuǎn)型”(16JJD720014)
【分類號(hào)】：B249.3;B978

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