本文選題：老莊著作 + 巴利佛經(jīng)　； 參考：《華東師范大學》2007年博士論文

【摘要】： 老莊著作和巴利佛經(jīng)的產(chǎn)生及具體形成時期屬于同一個時代，兩種文獻的語言有著同一個時期的文化背景。然而，迄今為止，漢語與巴利語的系統(tǒng)比較研究基本處于空白狀態(tài)。我們以為兩種文獻中富于文化哲學內(nèi)涵的詞更容易充分地反映語言內(nèi)涵層面的某種對應性。本文以此為立足點進行了細致而系統(tǒng)的比較，詳盡地分析了它們的語言和文化意蘊，力圖在這個領域有所開拓。 本文共有九個部分。 緒論部分綜述了老莊著作和巴利佛經(jīng)的可比性、文化哲學詞比較的意義和比較的方略以及關于本文研究起點。 第一章到第七章為本文的主體部分，分別就老莊著作和《長尼迦耶》中七組重要的文化哲學詞進行語言及文化內(nèi)涵的比較研究。 第一章詳述了“道”這個詞與巴利語詞干“magga”可直接對應的5種用法，即：“人所行走的道路”、“中途／半途”、“途徑／方法”、“大道”和“學說／學術”。研究顯示，兩者在詞義、詞義引申和演變等方面有著驚人的一致性，并在與“magga”一詞的對比中探尋到在構(gòu)字理據(jù)層面“道”具有“尋求”的意蘊。 第二章詳述了“天”這個詞與巴利語“deva”以及其它同源詞干直接對應的7種用法，即：“主宰者／上天”、“天子”、“對他人的尊稱”、“姓名”、“白天”、“日”和“天空”。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，老莊之“天”有時意指超自然的現(xiàn)象，與“地”對立，且兩者相互滲透，蘊涵著更深邃的哲學范疇。文章通過比較《老子》的不同版本，提出了“天”偶爾具有“大”的含義。“天”之“大”義有助于理解“天象”的內(nèi)涵，而“天象”是能夠與“大道”相對應的概念。 第三章詳述了“圣”這個詞與巴利語詞干“araha”、“arahanta”直接對應的3種用法，即：“聽聞”、“儒、墨兩家的‘圣’”和“道家的‘圣’”。文章通過跟詞干“arahanta”的對比，指出“圣”一詞具有“明智”這一深層內(nèi)涵，同時還揭示了“圣”這個詞在老莊著作中的多種用義。“圣”能夠包容對立的意義，因而可以認為在古代詞義訓釋中呈現(xiàn)反訓現(xiàn)象。 第四章詳述了“法”這個詞與巴利語“dhamma”以及其同源詞干直接對應的9種用法，即：“刑法”、“廢”、“法規(guī)”、“標準”、“效法”、“方法”、“大道”、“規(guī)律”和“禮法”。文章以巴利語詞根“dhara”的本義——“禁”為參照，從“刑法”這一概念揭示了漢語中的“法”中存有“禁”的意蘊并被包含在“去”的內(nèi)涵中。 第五章詳述了“善”這個詞與巴利語“kusala”以及其同源詞干直接對應的8種用法，即：“好／美好”、“善行”、“完善”、“完善的人”、“善道”、“好處”、“善于／能／會”和“姓”。文章討論了老莊著作中的“善”和《長尼迦耶》中“kusala”的同中之異，并以巴利語“kusa”為參照，討論了“善”起源于“吉祥”之義的深層邏輯思維內(nèi)涵。 第六章詳述了“物”這個詞與巴利語詞干“l(fā)oka”、“ullokaka”直接對應的5種用法，即：“看”、“萬物”、“外物”、“人”和“昆蟲／動物”。文章論證了“物”的“萬物”和巴利語“l(fā)oka”的“世”在詞面意義上雖有很大的差異，但實際意義卻有著普遍的一致性。依據(jù)巴利語詞干“l(fā)oka”中“看”的意義，指出漢語“勿”和“物”的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，以及“勿”在構(gòu)字理據(jù)層面具有“相土色”的意蘊。從而得出結(jié)論：中、印文化中的“萬物”及“世”的概念起源于“觀察”物體現(xiàn)象，此為“勿”和“l(fā)oka”的重要內(nèi)涵。 第七章詳述了“德”這個詞與巴利語詞干“guna”直接對應的6種用法，即：“品德”、“德性”、“本質(zhì)”、“恩德”、“美德”和“界限”。文章通過分析巴利語詞根“guna”的本義以及漢語“德”字的造字意圖，揭示出在中、印文化中兩者都可以“行走”比喻“行為”，從而進入道德觀的范疇，，發(fā)現(xiàn)它們同樣具備“外得于人，內(nèi)得于己”的文化內(nèi)涵。 第八章通過前七章的分析、比較、研究，總結(jié)出富于上古文化內(nèi)涵是老莊和巴利文獻重點文化哲學詞的共性，但老莊著作中的重點文化哲學詞的內(nèi)涵包容度更大。文章最后論證了老莊和巴利著作中文化哲學詞在用法上體現(xiàn)出較為明顯的對應規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:The generation and specific formation period of Lao Zhuang's works and the Bali Buddhist scriptures belong to the same era, and the language of the two literature has the same cultural background. However, so far, the systematic comparative study of Chinese and Bali is basically in a blank state. We think that the words rich in the connotation of cultural philosophy in the two literature are more easily and fully reverse. This paper makes a detailed and systematic comparison between the language and the culture of the language and the cultural implication of the language, and tries to develop in this field.
There are nine parts in this article.
The introduction summarizes the comparability of Lao Tzu's works and the Bali Sutra, the comparison of cultural philosophy words, the general strategies and the starting point of this study.
The first chapter to the seventh chapter is the main part of this article. It makes a comparative study of the language and cultural connotations of the seven important cultural philosophical words in Lao Zhuang's works and the "long Nicae >".
The first chapter describes the 5 uses of the word "Tao" and the "magga" of the Bali language, that is, "the way people walk", "halfway / halfway", "way / method", "Avenue" and "Doctrine / academic". In contrast with the word "magga", we find that "Tao" has the meaning of "seeking" in the construction of word motivation.
The second chapter expounds the 7 uses of the word "heaven" and the Bali "Deva" and other homologous stems, that is, "master / God", "heavenly son", "name", "name", "day", "day" and "sky". By comparing the different versions of Lao Zi, the article puts forward that "heaven" has the meaning of "big" occasionally. The meaning of "heaven" is helpful to understand the connotation of the "heavens", and the "heavens" is a concept that corresponds to the "road".
The third chapter expounds the 3 uses of the word "Saint" and the "araha" and "arahanta" of the Bali language, that is, "hearing", "Saint" and "Saint" of the Taoist family "" and "the saints" of the Taoist family. By comparing with the word "arahanta", the article points out that the word "Saint" has the deep connotation of "wisdom", and it is also uncovered at the same time. It shows the various meanings of the word "Saint" in the works of Lao Zhuang. "Saint" can contain the opposite meaning, so it can be considered to show the anti training phenomenon in the interpretation of ancient word meaning.
The fourth chapter expounds the 9 uses of the word "law" and the Bali language "Dhamma" and its homologous stem, that is, "criminal law", "waste", "law", "standard", "validity", "method", "Avenue", "law" and "Rites". The article is based on the "ban" of the Bali word root "Dhara". The concept of "criminal law" reveals the meaning of "Prohibition" in Chinese "law" and is included in the connotation of "go".
The fifth chapter expounds the 8 uses of "good", "good", "good", "good", "perfect", "perfect", "good", "good", "good", "good / able / meeting" and "surname". The article discusses the "good" and "Chang Ni Jia Ye" in Lao Zhuang's works. With reference to the difference between "kusala" and "kusA" in the Ba Li language, the deep logic thinking connotation of "good" originated from the meaning of "auspicious" is discussed.
The sixth chapter details the 5 uses of the word "thing" and the Bali word "Loka" and "ullokaka", that is, "look", "all things", "things", "people" and "insects / animals". The article demonstrates that the "things" and "the world" of the "Loka" in the Bali language are very different in the meaning of the words. According to the meaning of "watching" in the "Loka" of the Bali word stem, this paper points out the intrinsic relationship between "do not" and "things" in Chinese, and the meaning of "do not" have "color" in the layer mask of "do not", and thus draws a conclusion that the concept of "everything" and "world" in the culture of India originated from the concept of "view". To observe the phenomenon of objects is an important connotations of "no" and "Loka".
The seventh chapter expounds the 6 uses of the word "Virtue" and the "Guna" of the Bali language, that is, "morality", "Virtue", "essence", "Virtue", "Virtue" and "boundary". The article reveals that the meaning of the "Guna" in the Bali word root and the Chinese character of the word "de" are two. People can "walk" analogy "behavior", and thus enter the category of morality, and find that they also have the cultural connotation of "get outside, get inside yourself".
The eighth chapter, through the analysis, comparison and study of the first seven chapters, concludes that the connotation of the ancient culture is the commonness of the key cultural and philosophical words of the Lao Zhuang and the Bali literature, but the connotation of the key cultural philosophy in Lao Zhuang's works is more inclusive. Corresponding laws.

【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：B949

【引證文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 鮑永玲;;“世界”概念的緣起[J];世界哲學;2012年03期

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 拉特（Rev. Kallanchiye Rathanasiri Thero）;巴利文《長部》研究[D];武漢大學;2010年

本文編號：1788738