本文選題：《老子想爾注》 + 《河上公章句》　； 參考：《西南大學》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 早期道教是道教的初始階段,《老子想爾注》與《河上公章句》是早期道教時期的重要著作,是對《道德經(jīng)》的注釋,反映的是對“道”的思想的理解(道論),雖然大多學者認為《河上公章旬》是道家經(jīng)典,而非道教經(jīng)典,但其養(yǎng)生理論客觀上其為早期道教的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展創(chuàng)造了條件�！独献酉霠栕ⅰ穭t系統(tǒng)發(fā)展了成就神仙理論,通過對二者道論的分析,我們可以看到二者對早期道教的形成與發(fā)展起到了重大的推動作用,因而必須注重對“道論”的研究。只有這樣,才能更好的挖掘道教文化精髓,為和諧社會建設(shè)服務(wù)。 筆者從兩部經(jīng)典的“道論”思想出發(fā),將兩者道論思想進行比較研究,探討二者道論思想的異同、表達的主要思想及對早期道教的影響,以便全面地梳理二者道論思想體系,深入地探討道教義理,展現(xiàn)道教文化的積極因素。論文主要分四大部分展開: 第一部分為《老子想爾注》與《河上公章句》作者、成書情況及主要思想。本部分是對二者道論比較研究的基礎(chǔ),主要介紹兩部經(jīng)典的作者、成書的基本情況,反映的主要思想,以及現(xiàn)有的研究成果。 第二部分主要對二者道論進行比較,特別是關(guān)于道之體(本性)的探討。分四個小部分展開,揭示二者對道的涵義、道與一、道與氣、道與宇宙萬物的理解,指出二者道論思想的異同,以及所要表達的主要思想,即道之用——成就神仙之道與養(yǎng)生之道�！独献酉霠栕ⅰ穼ⅰ暗馈比烁裆窕�,顯現(xiàn)出其宗教神學目的;《河上公章句》將其看成宇宙本體與自然法則,發(fā)展了老子生命哲學,對道之體的理解接近于老子本意。 第三部分是對道之用進行系統(tǒng)研究。道之用即是在道之體的理解的基礎(chǔ)上對道之理論的深化,運用道論來表達自己的思想理論�！独献酉霠栕ⅰ穫�(cè)重于神仙理論,處處以“道”為中心進行說教,神化“道”,將老子道的哲學引向了宗教神學,確立了道教的信仰對象、論證了長生成仙的可能性,并提出了成就神仙的途徑與方法,形成了較為系統(tǒng)的神仙理論體系,這對道教神仙理論豐富和發(fā)展有重要作用;《河上公章句》主要是通過道論發(fā)展了老子的生命哲學,提出了因循自然、與道和同、貴精愛氣、行氣養(yǎng)神、除情去欲、利他無私、謙卑不爭的養(yǎng)生之道,形成了較為系統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)生理論,對道教的形成發(fā)展、深入人心起到了極大作用。這樣就可以理清二者在道之用上的異同。 第四部分是分析二者道論對早期道教的影響。就道論思想根源而言,社會歷史背景和思想文化融合爭鳴起了主要作用,受當時生產(chǎn)力水平的限制,人們對社會現(xiàn)象的認識能力有限,并且道家思想面臨轉(zhuǎn)型,儒釋道三教思想融合爭鳴,彼此吸收借鑒,對《老子想爾注》與《河上公章句》思想理論的構(gòu)建起了決定作用。通過道論的比較分析,足見《老子想爾注》與《河上公章句》道論思想為道教發(fā)展提供了哲學依據(jù)、孕育和發(fā)展了神仙理論、豐富和完善了養(yǎng)生理論、促進了道教的形成與發(fā)展。 結(jié)論部分對全文進行總結(jié)。《老子想爾注》與《河上公章句》以“道”為中心,通過“道論”發(fā)展了各自的思想理論,雖然二者道論思想差異較大,但客觀上都為早期道教的形成與發(fā)展奠定了理論基礎(chǔ),可以說是聯(lián)系道家與道教的樞紐。
[Abstract]:Early Taoism is the initial stage of Taoism, "Lao Tzu Xiang Er Zhu" and "river seal sentences is an important work period of early Taoism, is on" moral "comments, reflecting the thought of" Tao "(Taoism), understand although most scholars believe that the" river ten > seal is the Taoist canon, and Taoist classic, but its health theory objectively the emergence and development of early Taoism to create the conditions. Lao Tzu to Seoul injection system development achievement > immortal theory, through the analysis on the road to the two, we can see the two on the formation and development of the early Taoism plays a major role, so we must pay attention to the study of "Tao" theory. Only in this way, in order to better tap the essence of Taoist culture, for building a harmonious society.
The author from the two classic "Tao theory" theory, the comparative study of the Taoism thought, to explore the similarities and differences between the two ways of thinking, expressing the main idea and effect of early Taoism, in order to comprehensively review the two ways of ideological system, in-depth study of Taoism argumentation, to show the positive factors of Taoism cultural paper is divided into four parts:
The first part is "Lao Tzu Xiang Er Zhu" and "river seal sentences into a book author, and main thoughts. This part is on the two road on the basis of the comparative research, the author mainly introduces two classic, basic books, mainly reflected, and the existing research results.
The second part of the main road on the two were compared, especially on the way of the body (nature). The study is divided into four small parts, revealing the two meaning of the road, a road with a road and air, road and the universe of understanding, pointed out the similarities and differences between the two ways of thinking, as well as the main thought to be expressed, namely the use of Tao Tao and immortal achievements. I think a way of keeping good health Lao Tzu note > "Tao" personality deified, showing its religious theology; "on the river as the official sentences ontology of the universe and the law of nature, the development of the Lao Tzu life philosophy, the understanding of Tao body close to the Lao Tzu intention.
The third part is on the road was studied. A road that is based on the way of the body on the understanding of the deepening of the theory, using the theory to express their own ideas. I think Lao Tzu theory focuses on the theory of note > immortal, everywhere "Tao" as the center of preaching, "deification Tao, Tao's philosophy will lead to Lao Tzu religious theology, established the Taoist belief object, demonstrates the possibility of immortality, and puts forward the ways and methods of achievement immortal gods, formed a complete theoretical system, which is an important role of Taoism and enrich and develop the theory of" river seal sentence; > mainly by the development of the Lao Tzu life philosophy, put forward following the natural, and with your love for fine, gas, gas repose, except love and desire, selfless altruism, humility for forming the systematic a way of keeping good health, health theory, the formation of Taoism. Show great effect to people. So we can sort out the similarities and differences of the two road in use.
The fourth part is the analysis of the impact of the two road on the road of early Taoism. The ideological roots, played a major role on social historical background and cultural fusion, by the time the limitation of productivity, people's cognitive ability of social phenomena is limited, and Taoism face the transformation of Buddhism and Taoism thought fusion contend each other reference to "note" and "I want to Lao Tzu River seal construction sentences thought theory played a decisive role. By theory of comparative analysis, which shows the" note "and" I want to Lao Tzu River Road on the thought of official sentences for the development of Taoist philosophy basis, the birth and development of the gods the theory, enrich and perfect the theory of health, promoting the formation and development of Taoism.
The conclusion part summarizes Lao Tzu to Seoul. Note "and" river seal sentences with "Tao" as the center of the paper, through the "Tao" theory developed their theory, although the two road on ideological differences, lays a theoretical foundation for objectively and development of Taoism formed early, can that link of Taoism and Taoist hub.

【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：B958

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