本文關(guān)鍵詞：從“阿瑞斯”到“馬爾斯”　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 阿瑞斯 雅典娜 馬爾斯 戰(zhàn)神崇拜 民族特點(diǎn)

【摘要】：阿瑞斯(Ares)和馬爾斯(Mars)分別為古希臘和古羅馬的戰(zhàn)神,眾所周知,古羅馬的神明譜系中外來神明眾多,而這其中,又以古希臘的最為蔚然。羅馬的戰(zhàn)神馬爾斯(Mars)的原型正是希臘的戰(zhàn)神阿瑞斯(Ares)。 阿瑞斯是希臘奧林匹斯山的十二主神之一,是宙斯(Zeus)與赫拉(Hera)的兒子,是力量的象征,但他嗜殺、血腥,是人類禍災(zāi)的化身。阿瑞斯不受其他眾神的喜愛,即使生父生母也都公開地表現(xiàn)出對他的厭惡。值得一提的是,同樣是戰(zhàn)神,古希臘女戰(zhàn)神雅典娜則廣受眾神喜愛和古希臘人民的崇拜。對比阿瑞斯和雅典娜的特點(diǎn),只因前者代表了純粹野蠻暴力的戰(zhàn)爭,后者則代表了有克制理性的戰(zhàn)爭。阿瑞斯和雅典娜在希臘地位的不同,反映出了希臘人的民族特點(diǎn),即崇尚文明,反對純粹武力。 馬爾斯,古羅馬神話體系中的戰(zhàn)神,拉丁語的“火星”和英語的"March"正是源自馬爾斯的名字,他是羅馬軍團(tuán)崇拜的戰(zhàn)神中最重要的一位,重要程度僅次于朱庇特(Jupiter)。約公元前二世紀(jì)左右,馬爾斯崇拜在羅馬興起,羅馬人模仿希臘神話體系,也創(chuàng)造了一系列的神話,其中馬爾斯的原型就是希臘的戰(zhàn)神阿瑞斯。與阿瑞斯的禮遇不一樣的是,馬爾斯在羅馬地位極高,到了羅馬奧古斯都統(tǒng)治中后期,馬爾斯不僅成為羅馬軍事的保護(hù)人,也是皇帝的保護(hù)人。由于戰(zhàn)爭經(jīng)常爆發(fā),經(jīng)常性地出征和凱旋的慶典,對馬爾斯的祭拜次數(shù)甚至開始逐漸高于朱庇特,羅馬人有時(shí)也自稱為“馬爾斯之子”的原因。由此可見,在羅馬人心目中馬爾斯地位之高。對馬爾斯的崇拜也反映出了古羅馬人的特點(diǎn),即崇尚武力,渴望征服。 馬克思主義哲學(xué)的觀點(diǎn)是“物質(zhì)決定意識(shí),意識(shí)反作用于物質(zhì)。”同樣的,對于不同神明的崇拜也反過來作用于人民的行為,希臘人更崇文,羅馬人更尚武。對阿瑞斯的鄙棄,對雅典娜的崇拜,使希臘人的文明更具有包容性,而對馬爾斯的崇拜,則對于處于不斷擴(kuò)張中的羅馬而言,戰(zhàn)神精神讓他們更有動(dòng)力去取得戰(zhàn)爭的勝利。 本文主要采用對比分析的方法,研究古希臘和古羅馬神話體系中戰(zhàn)神的不同地位以及古希臘人、古羅馬人對于戰(zhàn)神的不同態(tài)度,來說明古希臘人與古羅馬人不同的民族性格特點(diǎn)。通過查找史料,閱讀中西方研究成果得到進(jìn)一步佐證。該研究課題是筆者在閱讀中發(fā)現(xiàn)的一個(gè)興趣點(diǎn),進(jìn)一步想到了對于戰(zhàn)神不同的態(tài)度反映出了兩個(gè)民族之間不同的性格特點(diǎn),同時(shí)對兩個(gè)民族不同的發(fā)展進(jìn)程產(chǎn)生了一定的影響。 基于這樣的思路構(gòu)想,本文主要分為四章來進(jìn)行論述,第一章和第三章分述阿瑞斯和馬爾斯。其中第一章主要介紹了希臘神話中的戰(zhàn)神,第一節(jié)簡要介紹希臘神話中的阿瑞斯；第二節(jié)則介紹了神話中的雅典娜；第三節(jié)順承前兩二節(jié),比較了阿瑞斯和雅典娜的不同地位及原因分析；為了開啟第三章,第二章則主要介紹希臘與羅馬的關(guān)系,為馬爾斯的出場奠定基礎(chǔ)。第三章則集中筆力來敘述羅馬神話中的馬爾斯,其中第一節(jié)是戰(zhàn)神馬爾斯的概況；第二節(jié)分析馬爾斯崇拜與羅馬社會(huì)。第四章則綜合論述戰(zhàn)神崇拜與希臘羅馬人的民族性格特點(diǎn)分析。第一、二節(jié)分別介紹古希臘古羅馬人的民族性格,第三節(jié)則是兩者的對比。立足于這四章的分析,最后得出本文結(jié)論,即：古希臘古羅馬人對待戰(zhàn)神的不同態(tài)度,體現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)民族不同的民族性格特點(diǎn)。 以往對于古希臘與古羅馬人的對比研究多為研究兩者的具體行為方式,對于戰(zhàn)神崇拜比較研究少有人注意。目前,對于戰(zhàn)神的研究,國內(nèi)并沒有系統(tǒng)的著作,國外的研究也非常罕見,偶有零星散落的論述,但并不完整。本文即著重深挖了不同的戰(zhàn)神崇拜背后的寓意,對于解讀古希臘古羅馬文明有著一定的積極意義。
[Abstract]:Ares (Ares) and Marrs (Mars) respectively in ancient Greece and Rome war, as everyone knows, the gods of ancient Rome in foreign gods pedigree is numerous, among which, in ancient Greece the most magnificently. Rome ares Marrs (Mars) is the prototype of the Greek god of war Ares (Ares).
Ares is one of the twelve main Greek gods of Olympus, Jose (Zeus) and Hera (Hera)'s son, is a symbol of power, but he is the embodiment of human killer, bloody, a curse. Ares is not affected by the other gods of love, even if the father mother also openly showed his disgust. Mentioning that also is the God of war, the ancient Greek Athen is widely worshiped gods and love the people of ancient Greece. Comparing to the characteristics of Ares and Athena, just because the former represents a purely barbaric violence of war, the latter represents the restraint of the war. Ares and Athena in Greek of different position, reflects the characteristics of ethnic Greeks, namely advocate of civilization, as opposed to simply force.
Marrs, the ancient Rome myth of God, the Latin word "Mars" and the "March" in English is derived from the name of Marrs, he is one of the most important Rome Legion worship Ares, the important degree after Jupiter (Jupiter) about second Century BC. The left and right, the worship of Marrs sprang up in Rome. The imitation of Greek mythology system, also created a series of myths, in which Marrs is the prototype of the Greek War. Ares and Ares are not the same courtesy of Marrs in Rome, a high position at a later stage, the rule of Augustus in Rome, Marrs not only become a protector of the Rome military, protect the people. The emperor is also due to the war often broke out frequently and to the triumph of the celebration of Marrs worship times even began gradually higher than Jupiter, the Romans sometimes called "son of Marrs" of the original It can be seen that the high position of Marrs in the eyes of the Romans. The worship of Marrs also reflects the characteristics of the ancient Romans, that is, the worship of force and the desire for conquest.
Marx's philosophy is "material determines consciousness, mind over matter." similarly, for the worship of different gods also influences on people's behavior, the more Chongwen, the Romans. More martial disdain for Ares, worship of Athena, the Greek civilization is more inclusive, and on the Marrs for worship, is constantly expanding in Rome, God of war spirit so that they have more power to win the war.
This paper mainly adopts the method of comparative analysis, the different status of God of ancient Greece and Rome myth system of the ancient Greeks and Romans, different attitude to the war, to illustrate the national character of the ancient Greeks and Romans with different characteristics. By looking up the historical data, research achievements of Western reading further evidence. The research project is a the author found that the points of interest in reading, further thought for ares different attitudes reflect the different characteristics between the two ethnic groups, also have a certain impact on the development process of two different nationalities.
Based on this idea, this paper is divided into four chapters, the first chapter and the third chapter of the Ares and Marrs. The first chapter mainly deals with the Greek god of war, the first section briefly introduce the Greek myth of Ares; the second section introduces the God in the third section the Athena; the first 22 sections, comparative analysis of different status and reasons of Ares and Athena; in order to open the third chapter, the second chapter mainly introduces the relationship between Greece and Rome, and laid the foundation for the appearance of Marrs. The third chapter focused his to narrate the myth of Rome in Marrs, the first part is the overview of Marrs; the second part is the analysis of Marrs worship and Rome society. The fourth chapter discusses the comprehensive analysis of Ares worship and the Greco Roman national character. The first, second section introduces the ancient Greek and Roman The third section of the national character is the comparison between the two. Based on the analysis of the four chapters, the paper concludes that the ancient Greek Romans treated different attitudes towards the God of war, reflecting the two national characteristics of different nationalities.
The concrete behavior of the comparative study of ancient Greek and Roman for the study of both, few people pay attention to the comparative study on God worship. At present, for Mars research, there is no system works, study abroad is also very rare, occasional sporadic scattered on the elaboration, but this article is not complete. Deep meaning behind the worship of different Ares, has a positive significance to some interpretation of the ancient Greek civilization of ancient Rome.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B933

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 ;戰(zhàn)神阿瑞斯[J];Reading and Writing;2007年05期

2 ;要叫先生[J];課堂內(nèi)外(初中版);2006年03期

3 易佳;;盤點(diǎn)2009年30個(gè)創(chuàng)意亮點(diǎn)[J];包裝世界;2010年01期

4 曼子;亞亞;;2056的車禍[J];世界兒童;2006年10期

5 曼子;亞亞;;“超級彈弓”拯救地球[J];世界兒童;2006年09期

6 曼子;溫顏淵;;謀殺在2500年前……[J];世界兒童;2006年03期

7 陳美汐;;青春里的滿天星(外一篇)[J];四川文學(xué);2014年15期

8 ;動(dòng)物[J];意林;2011年02期

9 曼子;溫顏淵;;深海幽靈[J];世界兒童;2006年01期

10 ;旅游正當(dāng)時(shí)[J];雜文選刊(下旬版);2009年05期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條

1 李思思;;美國執(zhí)行重返月球計(jì)劃的阿瑞斯火箭[A];中國空間科學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)第七次學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)會(huì)議手冊及文集[C];2009年

相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前5條

1 ;開拓進(jìn)取 眾志成城[N];世界金屬導(dǎo)報(bào);2012年

2 ;阿瑞斯工業(yè)爐大棒調(diào)質(zhì)線在湖北浩運(yùn)特鋼基地通過考核驗(yàn)收[N];世界金屬導(dǎo)報(bào);2014年

3 記者 李nInI;笛女·阿瑞斯以625萬元奪標(biāo)[N];重慶日報(bào);2005年

4 本報(bào)記者 馬佳;新飛船將帶4名宇航員登月[N];北京科技報(bào);2007年

5 英國《每日郵報(bào)》/楊孝文 譯;衛(wèi)星照片顯示火星曾經(jīng)有湖泊[N];北京科技報(bào);2010年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 楊芳;從“阿瑞斯”到“馬爾斯”[D];山東大學(xué);2014年

，

本文編號(hào)：1379286