【摘要】：建設(shè)和諧社會(huì)寄托了世人追求美好生活的理想,也是幾千年來(lái)炎黃子孫的夢(mèng)想所系。社會(huì)和諧是中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的本質(zhì)屬性和要求,是國(guó)家富強(qiáng)、民族振興、人民幸福的重要保證和體現(xiàn),是全黨全國(guó)各族人民的共同愿望。胡錦濤主席在省部級(jí)主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部提高構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)能力專題研討班上的重要講話中強(qiáng)調(diào)：“根據(jù)馬克思主義基本原理和我國(guó)社會(huì)主義建設(shè)的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),根據(jù)新世紀(jì)新階段我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的新要求,和我國(guó)社會(huì)出現(xiàn)的新趨勢(shì)新特點(diǎn),我們所要建設(shè)的社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì),應(yīng)該是民主法治、公平正義、誠(chéng)信友愛(ài)、充滿活力、安定有序、人與自然和諧相處的社會(huì)�！边@就深刻揭示了社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)的科學(xué)內(nèi)涵和基本特征。依據(jù)此科學(xué)內(nèi)涵和基本特征對(duì)和諧社會(huì)的理解,本文試圖從19世紀(jì)英國(guó)最重要的思想家、社會(huì)學(xué)家和教育家之一的赫伯特·斯賓塞(1820——1903)的觀點(diǎn)和思想中,挖掘出對(duì)我們構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)具有重要參考價(jià)值和借鑒意義的東西。本文以我國(guó)目前存在的主要矛盾和問(wèn)題為切入點(diǎn),通過(guò)分析和諧思想的歷史由來(lái),不僅說(shuō)明了對(duì)和諧社會(huì)的追求是自古以來(lái)人類的美好夢(mèng)想和努力方向,從而鞭策當(dāng)代人要為實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)的真正和諧而更加努力拼搏,同時(shí)也表明了在我國(guó)的當(dāng)代,構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)的緊迫性和挑戰(zhàn)性。然后,通過(guò)解讀斯賓塞的社會(huì)有機(jī)體論和社會(huì)進(jìn)化論、社會(huì)類型的劃分、道德公正理論、《國(guó)家權(quán)力與個(gè)人自由》的思想及其教育思想等,來(lái)分析其中對(duì)我國(guó)構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)有啟示的地方。在綜合解讀斯賓塞的思想時(shí),筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)其中對(duì)我國(guó)構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)有幫助的成分主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾點(diǎn)：它們是社會(huì)均衡思想、倫理道德與社會(huì)公正思想、同等自由原理、限制國(guó)家權(quán)力并減少國(guó)家干預(yù)的觀點(diǎn)、快樂(lè)教育思想等,這些都是構(gòu)建我國(guó)社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)不可缺少的思路和方法。最后,依據(jù)斯賓塞的思想和我國(guó)的實(shí)際情況,就幾項(xiàng)對(duì)我國(guó)和諧社會(huì)建設(shè)影響最大的問(wèn)題給出了如何應(yīng)對(duì)的建議和思考。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)赫伯特·斯賓塞的部分經(jīng)典著作的解讀和分析,以及對(duì)其部分思想所作的比較細(xì)致的論述,在對(duì)其本人主要思想和觀點(diǎn)的提煉和闡釋的基礎(chǔ)上,來(lái)挖掘斯賓塞思想中對(duì)我們建設(shè)和諧社會(huì)極其有益的地方,以此期待讀者能夠真切感受到斯賓塞的某些思想為什么能夠又是如何能夠?qū)ξ覀兘ㄔO(shè)和諧社會(huì)有借鑒意義的。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),斯賓塞的很多重要思想和觀點(diǎn),尤其是他的民主自由觀、公平正義理念、倫理道德思想以及獨(dú)特的教育見(jiàn)解對(duì)我們當(dāng)今和諧社會(huì)的建設(shè)具有永恒的借鑒意義和參考價(jià)值。盡管斯賓塞大師已離我們甚遠(yuǎn),但其很多思想觀點(diǎn)甚至是他的人格品質(zhì)對(duì)我們構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)至今仍有很大的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The construction of a harmonious society holds the ideal of pursuing a better life in the world, and it is also the dream of the Chinese people for thousands of years. Social harmony is the essential attribute and requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It is the important guarantee and embodiment of the prosperity and strength of the country, the rejuvenation of the nation and the happiness of the people. It is also the common wish of the people of all nationalities of the whole Party and the whole country. In his important speech at the special seminar on improving the ability of leading cadres at provincial and ministerial levels to build a harmonious socialist society, President Hu Jintao stressed: "according to the basic principles of Marxism and the practical experience of socialist construction in China, According to the new requirements of China's economic and social development in the new stage of the new century, and the new trends and new characteristics of our society, the socialist harmonious society we are building should be democratic and legal, fair and just, sincere and friendly, full of vitality. A stable and orderly society in which man and nature live in harmony. " This deeply reveals the scientific connotation and basic characteristics of socialist harmonious society. Based on the understanding of harmonious society in the light of its scientific connotation and basic characteristics, this paper attempts to draw from the views and thoughts of Herbert Spencer (1820 / 1903), one of the most important thinkers, sociologists and educators of England in the 19th century. Mining for us to build a harmonious society has important reference value and reference significance. Taking the main contradictions and problems existing in our country as the starting point, this paper analyzes the historical origin of the harmonious thought, not only shows that the pursuit of a harmonious society is a beautiful dream and hard work direction of mankind since ancient times, but also through the analysis of the historical origin of the harmonious thought. It also shows the urgency and challenge of building a harmonious society in our country at the same time, it also shows the urgency and challenge of building a harmonious society in our country at the same time, it also shows the urgency and challenge of building a harmonious society in our country. Then, through the interpretation of Spencer's theory of social organism and social evolution, the division of social types, the theory of moral justice, the thought of "State power and individual freedom" and its educational thoughts, etc. To analyze which has the enlightenment to our country to construct the harmonious society. In a comprehensive interpretation of Spencer's thoughts, the author finds that the elements that are helpful to the construction of a harmonious society in our country are as follows: they are social equilibrium, ethics, morality and social justice, and the principle of equal freedom. The idea of limiting the state power and reducing the state intervention, the idea of happy education, and so on, are indispensable ideas and methods for building a harmonious socialist society in our country. Finally, on the basis of Spencer's thought and the actual situation of our country, this paper puts forward some suggestions and thoughts on how to deal with several problems which have the greatest influence on the construction of harmonious society in our country. Based on the interpretation and analysis of some of Herbert Spencer's classical works and the detailed exposition of some of his thoughts, this paper, on the basis of refining and explaining his main thoughts and viewpoints, It is hoped that readers can really feel why and how some of Spencer's thoughts can and can be used for reference to build a harmonious society in order to find out where Spencer's thoughts are of great benefit to us in building a harmonious society. The author also tries to find out how and why Spencer's thoughts can be used for reference in building a harmonious society. It turns out that Spencer's many important ideas and views, especially his view of democracy and freedom, the idea of fairness and justice, Ethical and moral thoughts and unique educational opinions have eternal reference significance and reference value to the construction of our harmonious society today. Although Master Spencer is far away from us, many of his ideas and views, even his personality, are still of great reference value to the construction of a harmonious society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D61;D095.61

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