盧梭的平等理論研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-06 07:41
【摘要】：盧梭是18世紀偉大的哲學家和思想家,他從小受父親愛讀書的習性影響,自幼飽讀古今中外歷史。在這樣的家庭環(huán)境影響下,他成為當時著名的啟蒙運動的思想引導者,且成為人類不平等起源的首要探索者,他的平等思想不僅對當時的法國大革命有重要意義,而且對我們今天社會發(fā)展有很大的啟示。盧梭一直秉承在自然狀態(tài)下的人們本就是平等的,隨著社會發(fā)展,不平等伴隨私有制的產(chǎn)生才出現(xiàn)并且加劇的。為了避免私有制加劇而導致的社會不穩(wěn)定,盧梭提出社會契約論就是為了讓人人在社會狀態(tài)中保持權利的平等,讓人們訂立契約制度,人人都自愿將一切權利都轉讓給集體,形成全體人民公共意志,再用法律來維持這個權利,保障與構建社會平等。社會契約從另一個角度看就是公意的表達,它的基礎是人民主權也就是主權在民。人民主權不允許被代表和轉讓、也決不允許被任何人侵犯。當下中國還處于社會主義初級階段,不平等問題不可避免地存在于社會經(jīng)濟政治文化生活的方方面面,最大限度地實現(xiàn)平等也正是當下中國發(fā)展的方向,如何促進平等、推進社會和諧發(fā)展?我們必須堅持馬克思主義理論指導,同時從這位思想家的理論中或許也能得到若干啟示,如:防止財富占有的兩極分化、加大反腐力度對權力進行約束、推動平等價值觀的教育、完善社會保障體系等不平等問題的解決都有助于我國走向共同富裕。
[Abstract]:Rousseau was a great philosopher and thinker in the 18 th century. He was influenced by his father's habit of reading. Under the influence of this family environment, he became the ideological guide of the famous enlightenment movement at that time, and became the primary explorer of the origin of human inequality. His thought of equality was not only of great significance to the French Revolution at that time. And to our social development today has the very big enlightenment. Rousseau has always held that people in the natural state are equal, with the development of society, inequality accompanied by the emergence of private ownership only appeared and intensified. In order to avoid the social instability caused by the increase of private ownership, Rousseau put forward the theory of social contract so that everyone can maintain equality of rights in the social state, let people make a contract system, and everyone voluntarily transfers all rights to the collective. Form the public will of the whole people, then use the law to maintain this right, guarantee and construct social equality. From another perspective, social contract is the expression of public will, which is based on the sovereignty of the people. The sovereignty of the people shall not be represented or transferred, nor shall it be infringed upon by anyone. At present, China is still in the primary stage of socialism, and inequality inevitably exists in all aspects of social, economic, political and cultural life. To maximize equality is also the direction of China's current development. How to promote equality? To promote the harmonious development of society? We must adhere to the guidance of Marxist theory, and at the same time we may be able to draw some inspiration from the thinker's theory, such as preventing polarization of wealth possession, strengthening anti-corruption efforts to restrain power, Promoting the education of equal values and perfecting the social security system are all helpful to the common prosperity of our country.
【學位授予單位】：安慶師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D091
本文編號：2365682
[Abstract]:Rousseau was a great philosopher and thinker in the 18 th century. He was influenced by his father's habit of reading. Under the influence of this family environment, he became the ideological guide of the famous enlightenment movement at that time, and became the primary explorer of the origin of human inequality. His thought of equality was not only of great significance to the French Revolution at that time. And to our social development today has the very big enlightenment. Rousseau has always held that people in the natural state are equal, with the development of society, inequality accompanied by the emergence of private ownership only appeared and intensified. In order to avoid the social instability caused by the increase of private ownership, Rousseau put forward the theory of social contract so that everyone can maintain equality of rights in the social state, let people make a contract system, and everyone voluntarily transfers all rights to the collective. Form the public will of the whole people, then use the law to maintain this right, guarantee and construct social equality. From another perspective, social contract is the expression of public will, which is based on the sovereignty of the people. The sovereignty of the people shall not be represented or transferred, nor shall it be infringed upon by anyone. At present, China is still in the primary stage of socialism, and inequality inevitably exists in all aspects of social, economic, political and cultural life. To maximize equality is also the direction of China's current development. How to promote equality? To promote the harmonious development of society? We must adhere to the guidance of Marxist theory, and at the same time we may be able to draw some inspiration from the thinker's theory, such as preventing polarization of wealth possession, strengthening anti-corruption efforts to restrain power, Promoting the education of equal values and perfecting the social security system are all helpful to the common prosperity of our country.
【學位授予單位】：安慶師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D091
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