【摘要】：馬爾庫(kù)塞是20世紀(jì)西方重要的思想家之一。他一生著述豐厚，理論視野開(kāi)闊、前瞻性強(qiáng)，至今都被人們視為重要的理論資源加以汲取和傳播。馬爾庫(kù)塞十分重視烏托邦精神對(duì)社會(huì)主義革命運(yùn)動(dòng)的積極意義，提出“社會(huì)主義道路，應(yīng)當(dāng)從科學(xué)走向?yàn)跬邪�，而不是從烏托邦走向科學(xué)”的口號(hào)，在此，馬爾庫(kù)塞開(kāi)辟了一條通往社會(huì)主義的嶄新道路，即“烏托邦社會(huì)主義”。在他那里，“烏托邦社會(huì)主義”即是展望一種新的理想社會(huì)類型，又是一場(chǎng)持續(xù)對(duì)現(xiàn)存社會(huì)的批判運(yùn)動(dòng)。 馬爾庫(kù)塞的烏托邦社會(huì)主義思考的中心議題是：什么是真正的社會(huì)主義，，在新的條件下，如何進(jìn)行社會(huì)主義革命。本論文通過(guò)梳理馬爾庫(kù)塞對(duì)資本主義單向度的批判、對(duì)蘇聯(lián)社會(huì)主義的反思、對(duì)理想社會(huì)烏托邦藍(lán)圖的描繪以及他對(duì)無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命的重新理解的基礎(chǔ)上，全面考察了馬爾庫(kù)塞的烏托邦社會(huì)主義思想。在馬爾庫(kù)塞看來(lái)，現(xiàn)代的資本主義社會(huì)是一個(gè)政治呈現(xiàn)一體化、文化趨向“俗化”、語(yǔ)言具有操作主義特征以及思想單向度的社會(huì)；蘇聯(lián)修正了馬克思主義理論，也不是真正的社會(huì)主義社會(huì)；真正的社會(huì)主義藍(lán)圖是實(shí)現(xiàn)“愛(ài)欲”的解放，建立“非壓抑性文明”社會(huì)；無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命需要重新界定革命主體、目標(biāo)及策略。總之，馬爾庫(kù)塞的烏托邦社會(huì)主義思想賦予了社會(huì)主義革命新的內(nèi)涵。 本論文通對(duì)馬爾庫(kù)塞的烏托邦社會(huì)主義思想的基本內(nèi)容闡述，概括了其烏托邦社會(huì)主義思想主要特征，即否定性思維、主體性原則、人道主義價(jià)值取向。最后，對(duì)馬爾庫(kù)塞的烏托邦社會(huì)主義思想進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，指出這一思想的積極意義及其理論的局限性。
[Abstract]:Marcuse is one of the important thinkers in the West in the 20 th century. His life is rich, his theory field of vision is broad, forward-looking and strong, and has been regarded as an important theoretical resources to absorb and spread. Marcuse attaches great importance to the positive significance of the utopian spirit to the socialist revolutionary movement, and puts forward the slogan "the socialist road should move from science to utopia, not from utopia to science". Marcuse opened up a new road to socialism, that is, Utopian Socialism. In his opinion, Utopian Socialism is not only a new ideal social type, but also a continuous critical movement to the existing society. The central issue of Marcuse's utopian socialist thinking is what is true socialism and how to carry out socialist revolution under the new conditions. On the basis of combing Marcuse's critique of capitalism, the reflection on Soviet socialism, the description of utopian blueprint of ideal society and his reunderstanding of proletarian revolution, A comprehensive investigation of Marcuse's utopian socialist thought. In Marcuse's view, the modern capitalist society is a society characterized by political integration, cultural tendency towards "vulgarization", language with the characteristics of operativeness and unidirectional ideology, and the Soviet Union revised the Marxist theory. Nor is it a true socialist society; the true socialist blueprint is to realize the liberation of "lust" and the establishment of a "non-repressive civilization" society; the proletarian revolution needs to redefine the main body, objectives and strategies of the revolution. In short, Marcuse's utopian socialist thought endowed the socialist revolution with new connotations. This paper expounds the basic content of Marcuse's utopian socialist thought and generalizes the main features of his utopian socialist thought, that is, negative thinking, subjective principle and humanitarianism value orientation. Finally, the author evaluates Marcuse's utopian socialist thought and points out its positive significance and theoretical limitation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華僑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D091.6

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