【摘要】：眾所周知,馬克思主義帝國主義理論的創(chuàng)立者是列寧,但關(guān)于帝國主義的研究的濫觴不是列寧。在對帝國主義研究的開始到馬克思主義帝國主義理論的形成的歷史過程中,涌現(xiàn)出不少有創(chuàng)見的研究者,如霍布森、希法亭、盧森堡等,他們已經(jīng)提出帝國主義的某些本質(zhì)特點(diǎn)。當(dāng)然,作為馬克思主義帝國主義理論的探索者布哈林也為科學(xué)理論的創(chuàng)立做出了重大的貢獻(xiàn)。 布哈林的帝國主義理論是馬克思主義理論的重要內(nèi)容之一,也是馬克思主義政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的重要組成部分。雖然已經(jīng)有很多學(xué)者對這一理論進(jìn)行了研究,但是本文在前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上力爭在布哈林的歷史局限性和時(shí)代意義上有所突破。首先本文著重從布哈林帝國主義理論的形成、內(nèi)容、歷史局限性及時(shí)代意義展開闡述。布哈林研究帝國主義理論是在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)期間進(jìn)行的,這一時(shí)期的經(jīng)濟(jì)政治形勢極其復(fù)雜;再者在他之前或與他同時(shí)代己經(jīng)有理論家開始研究帝國主義,對布哈林產(chǎn)生了重要影響,所以弄清布哈林帝國主義理論形成的歷史環(huán)境和理論環(huán)境是研究布哈林帝國主義理論的基本前提。其次,本文對理論的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了深入地分析。由于布哈林帝國主義理論是把資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)形態(tài),即帝國主義放在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)范圍內(nèi)作為一個(gè)整體考察的,因此本文先從布哈林對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的闡述說起,接著論述他關(guān)于世界經(jīng)濟(jì)與資本國際化、資本民族化的研究。在此基礎(chǔ)上又重點(diǎn)論述了布哈林對帝國主義的認(rèn)識(shí)：帝國主義是金融資本主義的政策等。在歷史局限性上,本文主要通過對布哈林帝國主義理論與列寧帝國主義理論在研究方法論、帝國主義的定義、帝國主義與民族問題及無產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命問題上的不同看法著重的比較,進(jìn)一步說明布哈林帝國主義理論的歷史局限性和列寧帝國主義理論的科學(xué)性。 最后,本文著重論述了布哈林帝國主義理論的當(dāng)代意義。一方面布哈林在研究帝國主義理論的過程中所使用的研究方法仍然對我們研究當(dāng)代帝國主義理論有重大的指導(dǎo)意義,同時(shí)布哈林對帝國主義壟斷性的研究,提醒我們在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化深入發(fā)展的時(shí)代,雖然昔日的戰(zhàn)火硝煙減少了,但是發(fā)達(dá)資本主義國家的帝國主義行徑仍然存在。盡管當(dāng)代帝國主義的壟斷組織的形式和內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了很大變化,但是它仍具有壟斷性,仍對社會(huì)生產(chǎn)有破壞作用,這更是暴露出資本主義的種種弊端；另一方面,布哈林對帝國主義的研究實(shí)質(zhì)上也是對資本主義的研究,他指出,在社會(huì)主義建設(shè)的過程中,要吸收資本主義的文明成果,加強(qiáng)與西方資本主義國家的聯(lián)系和交往。這一論斷對我們正確認(rèn)識(shí)和處理資本主義與社會(huì)主義的關(guān)系大有裨益。作為社會(huì)主義大國,在國家綜合實(shí)力還不如發(fā)達(dá)資本主義國家的情況下,我國不僅要充分認(rèn)識(shí)兩種制度之間的矛盾和斗爭,以及兩制和平共處的長期性和相互合作的必要性,警惕資本主義的“和平演變”；還要積極地學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒資本主義的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和文明成果,只有這樣我們才能更好地維護(hù)我國的國家安全,更好地參與世界。
[Abstract]:As we all know, the founder of Marxist imperialist theory is Lenin, but the origin of the study of imperialism is not Lenin. In the historical process from the beginning of the study of imperialism to the formation of Marxist imperialist theory, many innovative researchers have emerged, such as Hobson, Hiffating, Luxembourg and so on. They have already done so. Some essential characteristics of imperialism are put forward. Of course, Bukharin, the explorer of Marxist imperialist theory, has made great contributions to the creation of scientific theory.
Bukharin's theory of imperialism is one of the important contents of Marxist theory as well as an important part of Marxist political economy. First of all, this paper focuses on the formation, content, historical limitations and significance of Bukharin's theory of imperialism. Bukharin's study of the theory of imperialism was carried out during the First World War, during which the economic and political situation was extremely complex; and then he had theorists before him or at his time. Studying imperialism has an important influence on Bukharin, so it is the basic premise to study Bukharin's theory of imperialism to understand the historical environment and theoretical environment in which Bukharin's theory of imperialism came into being. This paper begins with Bukharin's exposition of the world economy, then discusses Bukharin's research on the world economy, the internationalization of capital and the nationalization of capital. In terms of historical limitations, this paper mainly compares Bukharin's theory of imperialism with Lenin's theory of imperialism in terms of research methodology, definition of imperialism, different views on imperialism and national issues and proletarian revolution, and further explains the history of Bukharin's theory of imperialism. Limitations and the scientific nature of Lenin's theory of imperialism.
In the end, this paper focuses on the contemporary significance of Bukharin's imperialist theory. On the one hand, the research methods used by Bukharin in the process of studying imperialist theory are still of great guiding significance to our study of contemporary imperialist theory. On the other hand, Bukharin's study of imperialist monopoly reminds us of the global economy. In the era of deepening development, although the fires and smoke of war in the past have been reduced, the imperialist acts of the developed capitalist countries still exist. Although the form and internal structure of the monopoly organizations of contemporary imperialism have undergone great changes, they still have monopoly and still have a destructive effect on social production, which exposes the contribution of capital. On the other hand, Bukharin's study of imperialism is essentially a study of capitalism. He pointed out that in the process of socialist construction, we should absorb the achievements of capitalist civilization and strengthen our contacts with the western capitalist countries. This assertion gives us a correct understanding and handling of capitalists. The relationship between justice and socialism is of great benefit. As a big socialist country, the overall strength of the country is inferior to that of the developed capitalist countries, China should not only fully understand the contradictions and struggles between the two systems, but also the long-term nature of peaceful coexistence and the necessity of mutual cooperation between the two systems, and be vigilant against the "peaceful evolution" of capitalism. Only in this way can we better safeguard our national security and better participate in the world.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D091

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