權(quán)力共享與撒哈拉以南非洲國家的民主鞏固:貝寧與多哥的比較研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-08-12 08:02
【摘要】:自20世紀(jì)80年代末90年代初以來,“第三波”民主化浪潮開始波及撒哈拉以南地區(qū),經(jīng)過二十多年的發(fā)展,少數(shù)國家已經(jīng)取得了民主的鞏固,而大部分國家依舊是威權(quán)政體。一般說來,民主鞏固的影響因素包括先天性的非制度類因素和后天技藝性的制度類因素兩大類,一個(gè)國家民主鞏固與否往往是這兩類條件的相互協(xié)調(diào)作用的結(jié)果。撒哈拉以南非洲國家在民主鞏固的先天性條件方面的普遍營養(yǎng)不良,致使制度設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)于撒哈拉以南非洲國家的民主鞏固來說顯得尤為重要。 本文選取在非制度類因素極其相似而在制度類因素又存在很大差異的兩個(gè)撒哈拉以南國家——貝寧和多哥——為案例,進(jìn)行比較分析。以此來剖析制度差異與民主鞏固不同后果之間的相互關(guān)系。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),權(quán)力共享的制度設(shè)計(jì)促使貝寧走向民主的鞏固,而多哥權(quán)力集中的制度設(shè)計(jì)使得其在民主鞏固的道路上舉步維艱。
[Abstract]:Since the late 1980s and early 1990s, the third wave of democratization began to spread to sub-Saharan region. After more than 20 years of development, a few countries have achieved the consolidation of democracy, while most countries are still authoritarian. Generally speaking, the influencing factors of democratic consolidation include congenital non-institutional factors and acquired technical institutional factors. The consolidation of democracy in a country is often the result of the mutual coordination of these two conditions. The prevalence of malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa in terms of congenital conditions for democratic consolidation makes institutional design particularly important for the consolidation of democracy in sub-Saharan Africa. In this paper, two sub-Saharan countries, Benin and Togo, which are very similar in non-institutional factors and very different in institutional factors, are selected for comparative analysis. This is to analyze the relationship between institutional differences and the different consequences of democracy consolidation. It is found that the institutional design of power sharing leads Benin to the consolidation of democracy, while the system design of Togo's centralization of power makes it difficult to consolidate democracy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號(hào)】:D082
本文編號(hào):2178441
[Abstract]:Since the late 1980s and early 1990s, the third wave of democratization began to spread to sub-Saharan region. After more than 20 years of development, a few countries have achieved the consolidation of democracy, while most countries are still authoritarian. Generally speaking, the influencing factors of democratic consolidation include congenital non-institutional factors and acquired technical institutional factors. The consolidation of democracy in a country is often the result of the mutual coordination of these two conditions. The prevalence of malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa in terms of congenital conditions for democratic consolidation makes institutional design particularly important for the consolidation of democracy in sub-Saharan Africa. In this paper, two sub-Saharan countries, Benin and Togo, which are very similar in non-institutional factors and very different in institutional factors, are selected for comparative analysis. This is to analyze the relationship between institutional differences and the different consequences of democracy consolidation. It is found that the institutional design of power sharing leads Benin to the consolidation of democracy, while the system design of Togo's centralization of power makes it difficult to consolidate democracy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號(hào)】:D082
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