本文選題：中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治 + 血緣宗法��； 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：怎樣認(rèn)識(shí)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治的文化因素,及其對(duì)當(dāng)代的影響與啟示已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)前學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)注和研究的一個(gè)重要問(wèn)題之一,許多研究者都從不同角度對(duì)這一問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了研究,但其規(guī)范性、系統(tǒng)性還不夠深入。本文以中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治為研究對(duì)象,運(yùn)用馬克思主義基本原理和方法論,特別是馬克思主義的批判文化的理論,以文化的視角進(jìn)行深入解讀,對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治的矛盾沖突加以總結(jié),并分析其存在的根源,通過(guò)文化批判和繼承,進(jìn)一步客觀認(rèn)識(shí)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展與特征,在探討其存在的歷史必然性和合理性的同時(shí),深刻揭示其歷史局限性。文章主要內(nèi)容分六大部分： 第一部分,以中國(guó)“大一統(tǒng)”政治格局形成的地理環(huán)境為主題,分別對(duì)有利于統(tǒng)一的地理?xiàng)l件即丘陵與平原的分布及其作用、華北平原的獨(dú)特政治功能,不利于統(tǒng)一的地理?xiàng)l件即多種性地貌造成的交通不便與區(qū)域差異以及政治統(tǒng)治對(duì)自然差異的強(qiáng)化進(jìn)行分析,論述了“大一統(tǒng)”君主專制政治的歷史必然性即地理環(huán)境對(duì)“大一統(tǒng)”政治需要的適應(yīng)以及民族戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)對(duì)“大一統(tǒng)”的強(qiáng)化與推動(dòng)作用。 第二部分,以中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治的血緣宗法文化為主題,分別從血緣宗法文化的形成即國(guó)家政治與血緣文化的整體性、血緣宗法文化與專制政治的契合,血緣文化的基本特征即血緣宗法文化的獨(dú)特性、血緣宗法文化與政治關(guān)系的混同性、血緣宗法文化影響的延續(xù)性進(jìn)行分析,特別對(duì)血緣宗法文化的混同性中“政治組織與家族組織的合一、君統(tǒng)與宗統(tǒng)的合一和國(guó)家的政治觀念與家庭的宗法觀念的合一”進(jìn)行了“三合一”的概括闡述,論述了血緣宗法文化對(duì)傳統(tǒng)政治的影響即早期國(guó)家結(jié)構(gòu)中的宗法文化的影響、血緣宗法文化影響力的弱化趨勢(shì)、君主專制的新變化。 第三部分,以中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治的社會(huì)本位文化為主題,分別從社會(huì)本位文化的形成及價(jià)值目標(biāo)即社會(huì)本位文化系統(tǒng)的形成、社會(huì)本位文化系統(tǒng)的價(jià)值目標(biāo),社會(huì)本位文化的基本特征即義務(wù)本位的單向性、角色本位的名教性進(jìn)行分析,論述了社會(huì)本位文化對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治的影響即形成了義務(wù)本位的文化體系、構(gòu)建起“禮”的義務(wù)規(guī)范體系、顯現(xiàn)了角色本位的文化特性。 第四部分,以中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治的符號(hào)文化為主題,分別對(duì)符號(hào)文化的基本形態(tài)即政治符號(hào)——綜合分析、思想符號(hào)——以政治神話為例、建筑符號(hào)——以宮殿為例進(jìn)行分析,論述了符號(hào)文化對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治的影響即政治符號(hào)的功能、政治神話的功能、祭祀禮儀的功能、宮室建筑的功能,闡述了四者疊加生成一種新的觀念,形成無(wú)形的軟性服從力,共同完成相同或相似的政治功能,共同昭示皇權(quán)的權(quán)威。 第五部分,以中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治的倫理文化為主題,分別從倫理化的形成即文化制約政治組織生成機(jī)制的形成、倫理文化的基本特征即倫理文化與儒學(xué)相契合、倫理文化與政治權(quán)力緊密結(jié)合進(jìn)行分析,論述了倫理文化對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治的影響即倫理文化對(duì)政治組織運(yùn)行的制約、倫理文化對(duì)君權(quán)的制約、倫理文化對(duì)專制政治的功效。 第六部分,以中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治的“圣王政治”文化為主題,分析論述了“內(nèi)圣外王”政治文化的外在合理性即“王”的權(quán)力和“圣”的義務(wù)、“圣”的道德和“王”的權(quán)力、“王”的事功和“圣”的道德,揭示了“內(nèi)圣外王”政治文化的內(nèi)在矛盾性即“圣王合一”的現(xiàn)實(shí)虛幻性、“內(nèi)圣外王”政治文化的本質(zhì)虛偽性、“內(nèi)圣外王”的反文化性。 文化批判的目的是為了文化繼承。馬克思主義文化批判選擇的價(jià)值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和基本原則應(yīng)當(dāng)是“取其精華,去其糟粕”。誠(chéng)然,文化工作在我國(guó)革命、建設(shè)、改革各個(gè)歷史時(shí)期都發(fā)揮了不可替代的重大作用,我們不守舊復(fù)古,更不主張用傳統(tǒng)政治文化來(lái)指導(dǎo)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)。本文從文化的視角深刻闡述中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治歷史局限性及對(duì)中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義政治發(fā)展道路的啟示意義,從而進(jìn)一步闡明當(dāng)代中國(guó)選擇適合自身國(guó)情的發(fā)展道路,構(gòu)建符合歷史與現(xiàn)實(shí)、國(guó)內(nèi)與國(guó)外、傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代的民族文化的重要價(jià)值與客觀選擇。
[Abstract]:How to understand the cultural factors of Chinese traditional politics and its influence and inspiration to the present time has become one of the important issues of attention and research in the current academic circles. Many researchers have studied this problem from different angles, but their standardization and systematicness are not deep enough. This article is based on Chinese traditional politics, Using the basic principle and methodology of Marx's doctrine, especially the theory of Marx's critical culture, a thorough interpretation is carried out from a cultural perspective, the contradiction and conflict of Chinese traditional politics are summarized, and the origin of its existence is analyzed. Through cultural criticism and inheritance, the development and special development of Chinese traditional politics is made, and the development and special development of the Chinese traditional politics are made. While exploring the historical inevitability and rationality of its existence, we profoundly reveal its historical limitations. The main contents of the article are divided into six parts.
In the first part, the geographical environment formed by the political pattern of "great unification" in China is the theme of the geographical conditions, which are beneficial to the unification of the geographical conditions, namely the distribution and function of the hilly and plain, and the unique political function of the North China Plain, which is not conducive to the unified geographical conditions, namely, the traffic inconveniences and regional differences caused by the multiple landforms, and the political rule. The intensification of the natural difference is analyzed, and the historical inevitability of the monarchy of "great unification" is discussed, that is, the adaptation of the geographical environment to the political needs of the "great unification" and the strengthening and promoting the national war on the "great unification".
The second part, with the theme of Chinese traditional politics, blood consanguineous patriarchal culture, from the formation of blood consanguineous patriarchal culture, namely the unity of national politics and blood relationship culture, consanguinity of patriarchal culture and autocratic politics, the basic characteristics of blood related culture, the uniqueness of blood consanguineous patriarchal culture, the mixing of blood related patriarchal culture and political relations. The continuity of the influence of patriarchal patriarchal culture is analyzed, in particular, "the combination of political organization and family organization, the unity of the monarch and the clan and the unity of the political concept and the family's patriarchal concept" in the confuse of blood consanguinity and patriarchal culture are summarized in the "three in one", and the blood consanguineous patriarchal culture is discussed in the traditional politics. The influence is the influence of patriarchal culture in the early national structure, the weakening trend of the influence of blood clan culture, and the new change of autocratic monarchy.
The third part, taking the social standard culture of Chinese traditional politics as the theme, from the formation of the social standard culture and the value goal that is the formation of the social standard cultural system, the value goal of the social standard culture system, the basic characteristics of the social standard culture, the single orientation of the duty standard, the role standard of the name and education, and the discussion. The influence of the social standard culture on the Chinese traditional politics formed the cultural system of the obligation standard, constructed the standard system of the "ceremony" and showed the cultural characteristics of the role standard.
The fourth part, taking the symbol culture of Chinese traditional politics as the theme, the basic form of the symbol culture, namely, the political symbol, the comprehensive analysis, the ideological symbol - Taking the political myth as an example, the architectural symbol - the analysis of the palace as an example, expounds the influence of the symbol culture on the Chinese traditional politics, that is, the function of the political symbol, and the politics. The function of mythology, the function of sacrificial etiquette and the function of the palace architecture, the superposition of the four sets up a new idea, forming the invisible soft obedience, accomplishes the same or similar political function together, and shows the authority of the imperial power together.
The fifth part, taking the ethical culture of Chinese traditional politics as the theme, respectively from the formation of the formation of ethical formation, namely, the formation mechanism of cultural restriction on political organization, the basic characteristics of ethical culture, that is, the combination of ethical culture and Confucianism, and the close combination of ethical culture and political power, and discusses the influence of ethical culture on Chinese traditional politics. That is, the restriction of ethical culture on the operation of political organizations, the restriction of ethical culture on monarchical power, and the effect of ethical culture on autocracy.
The sixth part, based on the theme of the "holy King politics" culture of Chinese traditional politics, analyzes and expounds the external rationality of the political culture of "the inner sage and the king", that is, the power of "King" and the obligation of "holy", the morality of "Saint" and the power of "Wang", the deeds of "Wang" and the morality of "holy", which reveal the political culture of "the inner sage and the king". The internal contradiction is the illusion of "unity of kings and kings", the hypocrisy of "inner saint and outer king" political culture, and the anti culture of "inner saint and outer king".
The purpose of cultural criticism is to inherit culture. The value standards and basic principles of the choice of Marx's cultural criticism should be "take the essence and go to the dregs". From the perspective of culture, this paper expounds the limitations of Chinese traditional political history and its implications for the political development of socialism with Chinese characteristics, thus further clarifying the development road for contemporary China to choose suitable for its own national conditions, building a consistent history and reality, domestic and foreign, traditional and modern. The important value and objective choice of the national culture.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D092

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