本文選題：胡適 + 國民性改造��； 參考：《深圳大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：國民性改造問題關(guān)系到人的現(xiàn)代化和國家的現(xiàn)代化的實現(xiàn),沒有人的現(xiàn)代化就沒有國家的現(xiàn)代化。胡適主張國民性的重新構(gòu)建,提倡人的個性解放,凸顯人的價值,實現(xiàn)人的現(xiàn)代化,從而實現(xiàn)整個國家的現(xiàn)代化,這些主張對當(dāng)代德育的發(fā)展,對提高國民道德素質(zhì),實現(xiàn)人的自由而全面的發(fā)展,實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的中國夢,依然具有重要借鑒意義。本文在系統(tǒng)地梳理胡適國民性改造思想的歷史背景和思想淵源、目標(biāo)和內(nèi)容、途徑和方法的基礎(chǔ)上,對胡適國民性改造思想的進(jìn)步性和局限性進(jìn)行了評析,并總結(jié)了胡適國民性改造思想對當(dāng)代德育的有益借鑒。全文共分為五個部分:第一部分:從胡適所處的時代背景出發(fā),扼要闡述胡適國民性改造思想的歷史背景和思想淵源。第二部分:面對內(nèi)憂外患的社會現(xiàn)實,胡適深刻地揭露了傳統(tǒng)國民性中缺乏國家觀念和尚武精神、缺乏獨立人格和抗?fàn)幰庾R、缺乏同情心和責(zé)任感的劣根性,結(jié)合中國的實際情況,胡適期望國民能夠建立起健全的人格、科學(xué)的人生觀,并且為實現(xiàn)“社會不朽”而做出自己的貢獻(xiàn)。胡適國民性改造思想十分豐富,涉及到家庭制度、女子解放、喪禮改革以及對待民族主義的態(tài)度。第三部分:對于如何改造國民劣根性,胡適主張從文學(xué)革命、新式教育、實行民主制度、和平改革這些途徑著手。胡適還十分重視改造的方法,概括而言,胡適的國民性改造方法主要有懷疑和批判法、實驗主義方法和自我心理建設(shè)法。第四部分:客觀看待胡適的國民性改造思想,有其凸顯對人的價值的尊重、改造社會和改造個人相結(jié)合、促進(jìn)新型家庭倫理的形成等進(jìn)步性,也有其思想和社會現(xiàn)實相矛盾、思想和行為相矛盾等局限性。第五部分:從胡適國民性改造思想中挖掘出有益當(dāng)代德育的思想、觀點、方法等,主要包括對當(dāng)代德育目標(biāo)、內(nèi)容、途徑和方法等方面的借鑒。
[Abstract]:The reform of national character is related to the modernization of people and the realization of modernization of the country, without which there is no modernization of the country. Hu Shi advocates the reconstruction of national character, the liberation of personality, the value of human beings, the modernization of human beings, and the modernization of the whole country. These propositions are helpful to the development of contemporary moral education and to the improvement of national moral quality. It is still of great significance to realize the free and comprehensive development of human beings and to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. On the basis of systematically combing the historical background and ideological origin, objectives, contents, ways and methods of Hu Shi's thought of national transformation, this paper makes an analysis of the progress and limitation of Hu Shi's thought of national transformation. And summarized the Hu Shi national character reform thought beneficial reference to the contemporary moral education. The paper is divided into five parts: the first part: from the background of Hu Shi, the historical background and ideological origin of Hu Shi's thought of national character reform are briefly expounded. The second part: in the face of the social reality of internal and external troubles, Hu Shi profoundly exposes the inferiority of the traditional national character, which lacks the national concept and the spirit of martial arts, the lack of independent personality and the consciousness of resistance, the lack of compassion and responsibility. Combined with the actual situation in China, Hu Shi expects the people to establish a sound personality, a scientific outlook on life, and make their own contribution to the realization of "social immortality". Hu Shi's thought of reforming national character is very rich, involving family system, women's liberation, funeral reform and attitude towards nationalism. The third part: as to how to reform the people's inferiority, Hu Shi advocates the approaches of literary revolution, new education, democratic system and peaceful reform. Hu Shi also attaches great importance to the methods of transformation. Generally speaking, Hu Shi's methods of reforming national character mainly include the method of doubt and criticism, the method of experimentalism and the method of self-psychological construction. The fourth part: the objective view of Hu Shi's national character reform thought has its prominent respect for human value, the combination of transforming society and individual, promoting the formation of new family ethics and so on, but also has its thought and social reality contradictory. Limitations such as contradiction between thought and behavior. The fifth part: from the Hu Shi national character reform thought excavates the beneficial contemporary moral education thought, the viewpoint, the method and so on, mainly includes to the contemporary moral education goal, the content, the way and the method and so on aspect reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D092

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