本文選題：現(xiàn)代性 + 權(quán)力�。� 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：建筑空間并非空洞的物質(zhì)堆砌,其構(gòu)想、生成、改造、破壞、修葺乃至毀滅的過(guò)程牽涉到當(dāng)時(shí)各種社會(huì)主體之間的復(fù)雜互動(dòng)與博弈,展現(xiàn)出一幅幅隱秘而生動(dòng)的社會(huì)圖景。建筑空間是政治主體傳達(dá)政治理念的重要通道和載體。自古以來(lái),掌權(quán)者都會(huì)有意識(shí)或無(wú)意識(shí)地借助建筑與空間將不可見(jiàn)的政治意志凝固化、可視化,從而捕捉受眾的想象力,達(dá)到教化、統(tǒng)治的目的。自近代以來(lái),中國(guó)受西方影響,諸多具有濃厚政治意味的公共空間相繼涌現(xiàn),政治主體通過(guò)空間的安排、重組和支配將政治理念和意識(shí)形態(tài)傳輸?shù)缴鐣?huì)的角落,運(yùn)用空間中的象征符號(hào)、政治內(nèi)涵對(duì)受眾進(jìn)行潛移默化地社會(huì)涵化,使得公共空間成為實(shí)施社會(huì)教化、重塑國(guó)民的重要陣地。觀察建筑空間的宏觀布置和微觀細(xì)節(jié)有助于理解權(quán)力主體的理念、意志與目的,回溯歷史中的儀式安排與演出則展示了政治性公共空間的運(yùn)作機(jī)制,靜態(tài)的凝固語(yǔ)言和動(dòng)態(tài)的儀式想象不僅僅是為了增添理解歷史中政治的一個(gè)維度,也是對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)政治機(jī)制的關(guān)照,更是對(duì)政治現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展的終極關(guān)懷。首先,文章通過(guò)厘清“現(xiàn)代”、“現(xiàn)代性”、“現(xiàn)代化”等相關(guān)概念,關(guān)注西方政治現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程與城市、建筑、空間轉(zhuǎn)型之間的關(guān)系,以及中國(guó)作為現(xiàn)代化后發(fā)國(guó)家在近代以來(lái)的變化動(dòng)向。中國(guó)疆域遼闊,受到西方影響的程度不一,本文的地理研究領(lǐng)域大至嶺南,中至廣東,小至廣州,考察這一地域獨(dú)特的地方性、國(guó)家性與世界性特征。民國(guó)初創(chuàng)時(shí)期,國(guó)民黨政權(quán)在廣州這個(gè)核心基地進(jìn)行了大刀闊斧的城市改造,將政權(quán)的理想灌輸至實(shí)體的建筑空間。進(jìn)而,文章在全球現(xiàn)代性轉(zhuǎn)型背景下提出了權(quán)力界與建筑界關(guān)系的全新隱喻模型,歸納為恒星——行星模型、雙星互動(dòng)模型、混合恒星模型,同時(shí)歸納出模型之間的轉(zhuǎn)化條件以及特殊情況,在此解釋框架下,梳理民國(guó)初期的權(quán)力界與建筑界的角色、思想與意志。繼而,本文觀察范圍進(jìn)一步縮小至廣州黃花崗七十二烈士陵園這一具體的案例,將目光聚焦于1911年至1927年間黃花崗七十二烈士陵園的兩組核心建筑,分析其每一個(gè)建筑細(xì)節(jié)和空間設(shè)置的淵源和用意,透視其背后政治主體的思想和目的。黃花崗烈士陵園是中國(guó)現(xiàn)代意義紀(jì)念性公共空間的濫觴,革命黨人(國(guó)民黨人)試圖通過(guò)建筑空間中外顯的西方風(fēng)格與內(nèi)隱的中國(guó)元素,借傳統(tǒng)文化與西方精神之勢(shì),展示其在海外之力量,鋪陳未來(lái)國(guó)家的藍(lán)圖,進(jìn)而達(dá)到傳輸理念,團(tuán)結(jié)黨員,激勵(lì)民眾,破舊立新,鞏固權(quán)威的目的。此外,黃花崗烈士陵園由一塊普通的墓地到神圣的紀(jì)念性公共空間,中間經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)艱難的意義轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程,革命黨人(國(guó)民黨人)不遺余力地通過(guò)各種途徑和方式提高空間的神圣意義。本文通過(guò)分析國(guó)民黨在神圣化陵園空間中操辦的政治儀式以及儀式規(guī)模背后的政治意義,透視權(quán)力主體借助空間和程序的刻意安排以宣揚(yáng)政治理念和意識(shí)形態(tài)；傳達(dá)革命理想和目標(biāo)；動(dòng)員黨眾教化民眾重塑國(guó)民；傳承社會(huì)歷史記憶；增強(qiáng)政權(quán)合法性權(quán)威的運(yùn)作機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:The building space is not an empty material stack. The process of conception, generation, transformation, destruction, repair and even destruction involves complex interaction and game between the various social subjects at that time, showing a mysterious and vivid social picture. The architectural space is an important channel and carrier for political ideas to reach political ideas. Since ancient times, the palms have been held. The right holders will be consciously or unconsciously with the help of the building and space to solidify and visualize the unvisible political will, so as to capture the imagination of the audience and to achieve the purpose of enlightenment and rule. Since modern times, China has been influenced by the west, and many public spaces with strong political implications have emerged, and the political subject has been arranged through space. Group and domination transfer political ideas and ideology to the corner of the society, use symbolic symbols in space and the political connotation to imperceptible social acculturation to the audience, making public space become an important position for the implementation of social education and remolding the people. Observing the macro layout and micro details of the building space will help to understand the main body of power. The idea, the will and the purpose, the ritual arrangement and the performance in the backtracking history show the operating mechanism of the political public space. The static solidification language and the dynamic ritual imagination are not only to add a dimension to the understanding of politics in history, but also a reflection on the political mechanism of the reality, and the ultimate key to the development of political modernization. First, by clarifying the concepts of "modern", "Modernity" and "modernization", the article pays attention to the relationship between the process of Western political modernization and the city, the architecture and the transformation of space, as well as the changing trend of China as a modern post modern country in modern times. The field of geography is large to south of the Five Ridges, middle to Guangdong, and to Guangzhou, to investigate the unique locality, national and world characteristics of this region. During the initial period of the Republic of China, the Kuomintang regime carried out a massive urban transformation in the core base of Guangzhou, filling the ideal of the regime into the building space of the entity. Then, the article was in the global modern period. Under the background of sexual transition, a new metaphorical model of the relationship between the power circle and the architectural circle is proposed. It is summed up as star - planet model, double star interaction model and mixed star model. At the same time, the transformation conditions and special circumstances are summed up. In this framework, the role of power and architecture in the early Republic of China, ideas and will are combed. Then, the scope of this article is further reduced to the concrete case of the Huanghua Gang seventy-two martyr cemetery in Guangzhou, focusing on the two core buildings of the Huanghua Gang seventy-two martyr cemetery from 1911 to 1927, and analyzing the origin and meaning of every architectural detail and space setting and the perspective of the thoughts and objectives of the political subject behind it. The Huanghua Gang martyr cemetery is the origin of the commemorative public space of modern significance in China. The Revolutionary Party (Kuomintang people) tried to display the power of the overseas Chinese by the western style and the implicit Chinese elements in the building space by the traditional culture and the western spirit, and spread the blueprint of the future country, and then reached the idea of transmission. In addition, in the middle of the Huanghua Gang cemetery from a common cemetery to the sacred Memorial public space, the middle of the Huanghua Gang martyr's cemetery has experienced a difficult process of meaning transformation, and the Revolutionary Party (Kuomintang) has spared no effort to improve the sacred meaning of space. The political rites of the Kuomintang in the sacred cemetery space and the political significance behind the scale of the ritual were analyzed. The political ideas and ideology were publicized by the main body of power by means of space and procedure; the ideal and goal of the revolution were conveyed, and the masses were mobilized to reshape the people; to inherit the social and historical memory; The operational mechanism of the authority of the legitimacy of the strong regime.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：D0

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