本文選題：列寧 + 摩根索�。� 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：近些年來(lái)國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)于帝國(guó)主義理論的研究不乏其人，眾所周知，馬克思主義的帝國(guó)主義理論的創(chuàng)立者是列寧，列寧從帝國(guó)主義是資本主義的最高階段這一論斷出發(fā)，，從經(jīng)濟(jì)特征角度定義帝國(guó)主義是資本主義的壟斷階段，發(fā)展到壟斷階段的帝國(guó)主義國(guó)家為了攫取更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益必然爆發(fā)帝國(guó)主義戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。而奉行權(quán)力斗爭(zhēng)的政治現(xiàn)實(shí)主義大師摩根索在其代表作《國(guó)家間政治——權(quán)力斗爭(zhēng)與和平》中也同樣對(duì)帝國(guó)主義戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和權(quán)力的關(guān)系有理論著述，摩根索從歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)角度考察認(rèn)為國(guó)家間戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)并不都是由于經(jīng)濟(jì)原因，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)制度沒(méi)有必然聯(lián)系，國(guó)家為權(quán)力而戰(zhàn)。簡(jiǎn)言之，列寧認(rèn)為帝國(guó)主義是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的根源，爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的目的是經(jīng)濟(jì)利益；摩根索認(rèn)為帝國(guó)主義是一種政策選擇，帝國(guó)主義戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的目的是攫取權(quán)力。列寧與摩根索雖然不屬于同一個(gè)理論學(xué)派，而且理論淵源和理論內(nèi)容稱(chēng)得上是南轅北轍，但在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)問(wèn)題上的認(rèn)識(shí)卻是殊途同歸，即都認(rèn)為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)不可避免。 在以前的研究中，對(duì)于兩種觀點(diǎn)的分別研究廣泛而豐富，而沒(méi)有把兩者作對(duì)比深入研究，筆者認(rèn)為，這兩種理論作對(duì)比研究是有必要的。理論方面旨在豐富和完善馬克思主義的帝國(guó)主義理論，現(xiàn)實(shí)中則是我們?cè)撊绾畏治霎?dāng)今國(guó)際局勢(shì)下的新帝國(guó)主義，以及國(guó)家如何審時(shí)度勢(shì)做出正確的戰(zhàn)略選擇。 本文分為四大部分。 第一部分是論述什么是帝國(guó)主義。 第二部分是論述帝國(guó)主義與戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 第三部分是分析各自的理論觀點(diǎn)中關(guān)于如何避免戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 第四部分是評(píng)述和啟示。 通過(guò)對(duì)比分析可以看出列寧和摩根索的理論都具有一定的可取之處，但又由于二者都是在當(dāng)時(shí)的時(shí)代背景之下得出的結(jié)論，理論都具有一定的時(shí)代局限性以及意識(shí)形態(tài)色彩，在當(dāng)今國(guó)際社會(huì)背景下，應(yīng)汲取二者理論的精華之處，分析新的國(guó)際局勢(shì)下的帝國(guó)主義以及戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)的原因。 理論是為實(shí)踐而服務(wù)的，通過(guò)對(duì)比研究帝國(guó)主義、權(quán)力與戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的關(guān)系，有利于我們分析當(dāng)今一些國(guó)家發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的原因，即不能局限于經(jīng)濟(jì)或是權(quán)力，政治因素、意識(shí)形態(tài)價(jià)值觀也起到一定的作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, there has been a great deal of research on the theory of imperialism in academic circles at home and abroad. As we all know, the founder of Marxist theory of imperialism was Lenin, and Lenin set out from the conclusion that imperialism is the highest stage of capitalism. From the point of view of economic characteristics, imperialism is defined as the monopoly stage of capitalism, and imperialist war will inevitably break out in order to gain more economic benefits by the imperialist countries developing to the monopoly stage. In his masterpiece, "Politics between States-Power struggle and Peace", Morganso, a political realist who pursues power struggle, also has a theoretical work on the relationship between imperialist war and power. From the angle of historical experience, Morgenthal thinks that war between nations is not all due to economic reasons, war and economic system are not necessarily linked, and the state fights for power. In short, Lenin believed that imperialism was the root of war, and the purpose of breaking out war was economic benefit; Morgenso believed that imperialism was a policy choice and that the purpose of imperialist war was to seize power. Although Lenin and Morgenthau do not belong to the same school of theory, and the theoretical origin and theoretical content can be called diametrically different, but the understanding of war is the same way, that is to say, war is inevitable. In previous studies, the research on the two views has been extensive and rich, but the two theories have not been studied in depth. The author thinks that it is necessary to make a comparative study of the two theories. In theory, the aim is to enrich and perfect the Marxist imperialist theory. In reality, it is how to analyze the neo-imperialism under the current international situation, and how to judge the situation and make the correct strategic choice. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part deals with what imperialism is. The second part deals with imperialism and war. The third part is about how to avoid war. The fourth part is the comment and enlightenment. Through comparative analysis, we can see that both Lenin and Morgenthau's theory have certain merit, but because both of them are the conclusion reached under the background of the times at that time, both theories have certain age limitation and ideology color. Under the background of international society, we should absorb the essence of the two theories and analyze the causes of imperialism and the outbreak of war in the new international situation. Theory serves practice. A comparative study of the relationship between imperialism, power and war will help us analyze the causes of war in some countries today, that is, not confined to economic or power or political factors. Ideological values also play a role.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D815.1

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