本文選題：社會契約論 + 人權(quán)　； 參考：《吉林大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：如果細數(shù)西方啟蒙運動和文藝復興給人類留下最為寶貴的財富,非社會契約論與人權(quán)觀念莫屬。一直以來是兩者支撐西方自由主義世界的發(fā)展。其中,社會契約理論在西方資產(chǎn)階級革命和改革的過程中扮演了極其重要的角色,并作為政治秩序的一種論證方式受到廣泛關(guān)注。人權(quán)觀念則作為個人權(quán)利的一種實現(xiàn)手段被不斷地加以完善,并通過人權(quán)理想的法律規(guī)定和真正實現(xiàn)形成了自身良好的發(fā)展機制。作為政治秩序論說理論的社會契約論與作為個人權(quán)利實現(xiàn)的人權(quán)理論同樣誕生于啟蒙時代,兩者又具有同源性。通過對契約論者關(guān)涉政治構(gòu)建與權(quán)利意識的經(jīng)典著作的分析,本文認為:兩者在理論構(gòu)架的過程中具有邏輯一致性,即存在一種作為人權(quán)論證模式的社會契約理論的理論傳統(tǒng)。將社會契約論人權(quán)觀作為研究對象的意義在于:以社會契約論為媒介分析人權(quán)觀念,空泛的人權(quán)概念可以得到系統(tǒng)的理論論述;以人權(quán)觀念為視域考察社會契約論,可以在不同版本的社會契約理論當中發(fā)現(xiàn)它們之間以人權(quán)為紐帶的聯(lián)系以及對人權(quán)價值取向的討論。社會契約論人權(quán)觀念之同,在于在這些學說當中,都將政治秩序與個人權(quán)利塑造為相互統(tǒng)一的和諧共生體,并試圖在進行政治架構(gòu)的同時,保護基于人類理性能力而形成的關(guān)乎人類生存的利益。社會契約論人權(quán)觀念之異,在于而受理論抱負,時代背景以及研究方式的不同,不同的學者——以霍布斯、洛克、盧梭、康德以及羅爾斯為典型,對待政治秩序都有自己與他人相異的觀點,而這些觀點深深影響著他們對人權(quán)價值追求的不同和人權(quán)實現(xiàn)的制度設計的不同——這些都直觀的反映在他們在各自社會契約理論當中關(guān)于人權(quán)的論證里面。因而把握社會契約論人權(quán)觀的論證思路,既是研究社會契約論人權(quán)觀的最佳視角,也是本文所欲揭示其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的核心任務所在。本文認為,社會契約論者試圖從秩序進路、道德進路以及公共選擇進路上論證作為一種體現(xiàn)人權(quán)觀念的社會契約理論,并在此基礎上圍繞人權(quán)價值面向展開討論。這些都豐富了人權(quán)觀念的內(nèi)涵,并促進了人權(quán)理論的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:If the Western Enlightenment and Renaissance leave mankind with the most precious wealth, it is not social contract theory and human rights concept. It has always been the two that underpin the development of the western liberal world. Among them, the theory of social contract plays an extremely important role in the process of western bourgeois revolution and reform, and has received extensive attention as a way of demonstration of political order. The concept of human rights, as a means of realizing individual rights, has been continuously perfected, and its own good development mechanism has been formed through the legal provisions of human rights ideal and the real realization of human rights. The theory of social contract as the theory of political order and the theory of human rights as the realization of individual rights were born in the Enlightenment era, and they are of the same origin. Through the analysis of the classical works of the indentationists concerned with the political construction and the consciousness of rights, this paper holds that the two have logical consistency in the process of the theoretical framework, that is, there is a theoretical tradition of the social contract theory as the mode of human rights argumentation. The significance of taking the concept of human rights of social contract as the object of study lies in the following aspects: to analyze the concept of human rights through the theory of social contract, to analyze the concept of human rights in a systematic way, to examine the theory of social contract from the perspective of the concept of human rights. In different versions of the social contract theory, we can find the connection of human rights and the discussion of the value orientation of human rights. The common idea of human rights in social contract theory is that in these theories, political order and individual rights are all shaped as harmonious symbionts, and they try to carry out political structure at the same time. The protection of human rational ability and the formation of the interests of human survival. The difference in the concept of human rights in the social contract lies in the different theoretical aspirations, background of the times and the way of research. Different scholars are typical of Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Kant and Rawls. Every political order has its own views different from those of others, These viewpoints deeply influence their different value pursuit of human rights and the different institutional design of human rights realization, which are directly reflected in their arguments on human rights in their respective social contract theory. Therefore, it is not only the best angle of view to study the concept of human rights of social contract, but also the core task of this paper to reveal its internal relationship. This paper holds that the social contract theorists try to demonstrate the social contract theory from the order path, the moral path and the public choice path as a social contract theory which embodies the concept of human rights, and on this basis discusses the value orientation of human rights. These have enriched the connotation of the concept of human rights and promoted the development of the theory of human rights.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D091

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 朱國朋;;“社會契約論”的歷史軌跡[J];才智;2008年12期

2 計正春;夏玉山;;新社會契約論:契約、財富的本質(zhì)[J];法制與社會;2009年12期

3 彭正波;;社會契約論的現(xiàn)代價值[J];中國社會科學院研究生院學報;2009年04期

4 劉欣;;古典社會契約論的現(xiàn)代性剖析[J];許昌學院學報;2010年01期

5 魏鵬;;簡析盧梭社會契約論思想中的困境——基于與霍布斯與洛克的比較[J];佳木斯教育學院學報;2013年05期

6 萬斌;;“社會契約論”新論[J];政治學研究;1989年01期

7 郭文婧;;官員和百姓皆不應有“爹”心態(tài)[J];廉政w，

本文編號：1982873