本文選題：儒家民本思想 + 歷史作用　； 參考：《青海師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：儒家民本思想,作為中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治思想文化的主流,以君主民從的既定關(guān)系為前提,討論設(shè)君之道與治民之道,其最終取向是通過(guò)規(guī)范君主對(duì)民的政治行為實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)泰、君尊、民安.中國(guó)古代不同時(shí)期的儒家學(xué)者都對(duì)民本思想做過(guò)精彩的闡發(fā),形成了一個(gè)豐富的理論體系,表現(xiàn)在政治方面是重民意,在經(jīng)濟(jì)方面是重民生,在思想方面是重教化.儒家民本思想對(duì)中國(guó)古代政治學(xué)說(shuō)和君主政治的實(shí)際運(yùn)作具有深刻的影響,構(gòu)成中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)政治穩(wěn)定和社會(huì)發(fā)展的墓礎(chǔ),也為中國(guó)人接受近代民主思想提供了銜接點(diǎn)。 民本思想作為中國(guó)古代社會(huì)的一種重要政治思想,不僅對(duì)古代社會(huì)歷史及其發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了重要影響,對(duì)于我們今天的政治與社會(huì)發(fā)展也仍然存在著重要的影響。之所以選擇以中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)民本思想為切入點(diǎn),研究傳統(tǒng)民本思想與現(xiàn)代民主政治之間的關(guān)系,關(guān)鍵就在于民本思想與今天人們的意識(shí)、思想及政治建設(shè)等方面存在著重要的聯(lián)系。由于當(dāng)代社會(huì)主要是民主政治形態(tài),在民主政治發(fā)展過(guò)程中,如何認(rèn)識(shí)民本與民主的關(guān)系,民本是否蘊(yùn)含著民主的因素和理念,民主建設(shè)是否要建立在民本觀念基礎(chǔ)之上,民本思想對(duì)于政權(quán)建設(shè)有哪些直接意義屬性,對(duì)這些問(wèn)題的回答,不僅是思想史要研究的一個(gè)問(wèn)題,也是政治學(xué)基本理論要回答的一個(gè)問(wèn)題,是一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)的政治理論問(wèn)題。 在當(dāng)今的文化反思中,由于傳統(tǒng)民本思想在歷史中的重要地位和影響,以及其與當(dāng)代政治建設(shè)和發(fā)展的重要聯(lián)系,使得人們對(duì)民本思想產(chǎn)生了巨大的熱情。有的學(xué)者寄希望于通過(guò)中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)民本思想挖掘出符合現(xiàn)代民主的理念,把民本思想的精華與現(xiàn)代民主精神相結(jié)合,在中國(guó)形成以儒家民本思想為底蘊(yùn)的“儒式”民主,用以解決中國(guó)民主發(fā)展問(wèn)題,解決西方自由主義民主在發(fā)展過(guò)程中所遇到的困難。還有的學(xué)者針?shù)h相對(duì),站在批判的角度,指出中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)民本思想不具有現(xiàn)代民主因素,從民本思想中不可能挖掘出有利于民主政治發(fā)展的有利因素,因此,我們的任務(wù)不是把民本思想與現(xiàn)代民主對(duì)接,不是以民本思想來(lái)培植、補(bǔ)充現(xiàn)代民主,而是重在批判,只有認(rèn)清民本思想與封建王權(quán)之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,才會(huì)認(rèn)清民本思想的本質(zhì),也才會(huì)從歷史中走出來(lái),更好地推進(jìn)現(xiàn)代民主建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:As the mainstream of Chinese traditional political ideology and culture, the Confucian people-oriented thought, based on the established relationship between the monarch and the people, discusses the way to establish a monarch and the way to govern the people. The ultimate orientation of the thought is to realize the political behavior of the monarch towards the people. Minan. The Confucian scholars in different periods in ancient China have made a wonderful explanation of the people-oriented thought, and formed a rich theoretical system, which is manifested in the political respect, the economic aspect, the people's livelihood, and the ideological aspect is the emphasis on education. The Confucian people-oriented thought has a profound influence on the Chinese ancient political theory and the actual operation of monarchical politics. It constitutes the tomb foundation of the Chinese traditional political stability and social development, and also provides a link point for the Chinese to accept the modern democratic thought. As an important political thought in ancient Chinese society, the people-oriented thought not only has an important influence on the history and development of ancient society, but also has an important influence on our political and social development today. The key to the study of the relationship between the traditional people-oriented thought and modern democratic politics lies in the important connection between the people-oriented thought and the consciousness, ideology and political construction of people today. As the contemporary society is mainly a democratic political form, in the process of democratic political development, how to understand the relationship between people-oriented and democratic, whether the people-oriented contains the factors and ideas of democracy, and whether the democratic construction should be based on the people-oriented concept. The answer to these questions is not only a question to be studied in the history of thought, but also a question to be answered by the basic theory of political science and a realistic political theory. In today's cultural reflection, because of the important position and influence of the traditional people-oriented thought in the history, and its important connection with the contemporary political construction and development, people have great enthusiasm for the people-oriented thought. Some scholars hope to find out the concept of modern democracy through Chinese traditional people-oriented thought, combine the essence of people-oriented thought with the modern democratic spirit, and form "Confucian" democracy with Confucian people-oriented thought as its root in China. To solve the problem of democratic development in China, to solve the difficulties encountered in the development of liberal democracy in the West. Some scholars stand against each other and point out that the traditional Chinese people-oriented thinking does not have modern democratic factors, and it is impossible to dig out the favorable factors from the people-oriented thinking that are conducive to the development of democratic politics. Our task is not to link people-oriented thinking with modern democracy, nor to cultivate and supplement modern democracy with people-oriented thinking, but to focus on criticism, and only to recognize the inherent link between people-oriented thinking and feudal Wang Quan. Only when we recognize the essence of people-oriented thought, can we step out of history and better promote the construction of modern democracy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D092

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