本文選題：青年　切入點：學(xué)生政治　出處：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2011年博士論文

【摘要】：群體作為現(xiàn)代社會生活的一個重要活動單元,社會的群體分化導(dǎo)致了群體政治的出現(xiàn)。群體政治作為公民參與政治生活的一種特殊的形態(tài),正日益在當(dāng)今的政治學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域中展現(xiàn)其價值。圍繞學(xué)生群體的政治參與研究無疑是一個嶄新的也是重要的視角。 大學(xué)作為青年學(xué)生高度聚集的場所,其自身具有親近政治和疏離政治的雙重屬性。大學(xué)的使命和性質(zhì)深刻地影響著大學(xué)生的參與政治生活的方式。 青年學(xué)生具有鮮明的特征：他們的同質(zhì)性極高,年輕、有激情、充滿活力、對新鮮事物躍躍欲試,但是缺乏經(jīng)驗且穩(wěn)定性和耐久性不強；群體成員的聯(lián)系紐帶相對固定,學(xué)校在學(xué)生群體的交往過程中提供了重要的空間保障和規(guī)范；學(xué)生群體的成員問通過自我學(xué)習(xí)和社會學(xué)習(xí)的方式形成互動,相互之間的行動力強,感染力強。社會歷來對這個群體報有引領(lǐng)社會發(fā)展的期待,而青年學(xué)生也往往有著很強的責(zé)任感和使命感,并且容易付諸行動。 本文從對二十世紀六十年代西方頻繁發(fā)生的學(xué)生運動的研究入手,運用政治學(xué)的框架對六十年代學(xué)生運動的歷史進行了系統(tǒng)的梳理,探討引發(fā)學(xué)生運動的原因,發(fā)現(xiàn)青年學(xué)生和政治之間有著天然密切的聯(lián)系。學(xué)生政治運動屬于學(xué)生政治的一種表現(xiàn)形式,當(dāng)學(xué)生群體的利益訴求無法在現(xiàn)行的體制下得到合理地解決時,它往往表現(xiàn)為以一定規(guī)模的學(xué)生群體自發(fā)參與的抗議性的非常態(tài)的政治活動,經(jīng)常有發(fā)展為暴力活動的可能性。這些抗爭有的指向具體的問題,有的則是對深層次的社會制度安排的全面反對。 本文運用趙鼎新提出的“變遷、結(jié)構(gòu)、話語”社會運動理論和政治轉(zhuǎn)型理論來系統(tǒng)分析與探討學(xué)生政治與政治轉(zhuǎn)型之間的相互作用機制。結(jié)合推動韓國實現(xiàn)民主轉(zhuǎn)型的韓國學(xué)生運動的案例來探討學(xué)生政治與政治轉(zhuǎn)型之間的互動機制。韓國在政治威權(quán)主義時期的活躍力量不是工人和農(nóng)民,活躍的版塊是由另一部分公民社會組織所組成的,它不是來自勞動領(lǐng)域,而主要是來自知識與文化領(lǐng)域,其中大學(xué)生群體無疑是這個活躍板塊中最活躍的部分,他們關(guān)心政治,掌握知識和信息,他們有思想、有較強的民主意識,也有一定的影響力。隨著高等教育的發(fā)展而出現(xiàn)的龐大的學(xué)生隊伍日益成為一支重要的社會力量,他們首先意識到了權(quán)威主義政治體制的合法性危機,進而以行動來付諸抗爭。而一旦學(xué)生的主張和行動得到其他社會階層的支持,則將對社會轉(zhuǎn)型產(chǎn)生巨大的作用力。在韓國實現(xiàn)由獨裁統(tǒng)治向民主政治轉(zhuǎn)型的過程中,學(xué)生群體不是決定性的力量,但卻是一支最活躍最重要的力量。 最后,面對著學(xué)生運動作為一種社會活動的方式必將長期存在并反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的情況,探討學(xué)生政治發(fā)展的未來并提出相應(yīng)的應(yīng)對之道。由于青年群體的政治參與具有顯著的矛盾性,熱情與冷漠交織、自主與迷茫同在、理性與偏激共存是現(xiàn)階段大學(xué)生政治意識的重要特征。因而今天我們在對大學(xué)生政治的引導(dǎo)過程中必須把握好兩項關(guān)鍵工作,一是謹防學(xué)生群體中的“政治冷淡”傾向；二是致力于營造“學(xué)生”與“政治”的良性互動關(guān)系。這既兼顧到了對于大學(xué)生政治熱情的保護,也有利于降低社會轉(zhuǎn)型期發(fā)生政治風(fēng)險的可能性,有利于和諧社會的構(gòu)建�？梢詮募訌姾挽柟檀髮W(xué)生思想政治教育、提高政治團體整合青年學(xué)生的能力、創(chuàng)造豐富的參與機會,提供便捷的參與渠道入手,鼓勵大學(xué)生支持性的政治參與,預(yù)防對抗性參與,最終實現(xiàn)學(xué)生與政治的良性互動。
[Abstract]:The group as one of the important activities of modern social life unit, social differentiation led to the emergence of political groups. Political groups as a special form of citizen participation in political life, is increasingly in today's politics show their value in the research field. The research of political participation around the student group is a brand new is an important perspective.
As a highly concentrated place for young students, university itself has dual attributes of being close to politics and alienating politics. The mission and nature of universities profoundly affect the way students participate in political life.
Young students with distinctive characteristics: high homogeneity of their young, passionate, energetic, eager for new things, but the lack of experience and stability and durability is not strong; the link group is relatively fixed, the school in the student group interaction process provides important space security and standardization; members of the students the group asked by self learning and social learning in the form of interaction, mutual action between the strong, strong infection. Society has always been leading social development expectations for this group, and the young students also tend to have a strong sense of responsibility and mission, and easy to put into action.
This paper from the 1960s Western frequent student movement with the use of historical framework of political science of the 60s student movement systematically, to explore the causes of the student movement, was found between students and youth politics has a natural close contact. A form of students' political movement belongs to political interests of students. When the demands of students under the current system can not be reasonably solved, it is to a certain scale of the students voluntarily participate in the protest of the very state of political activities, often have the potential for the development of violence. The struggle of some point to specific problems, some is to oppose all social system arrange deep.
Based on the change of structure, proposed by Zhao Dingxin, the theory of discourse "theory of social movement and political transition and to explore the mechanism of interaction between student politics and political transition analysis system. Combined with promoting South Korea to achieve the democratic transformation of South Korean student movement cases to explore mechanism of interaction between student politics and political transformation. South Korea in active power politics the authoritarian period is not the workers and peasants, the active area is composed of another part of the civil society organizations, it does not come from the field of labor, but mainly from the intellectual and cultural fields, including college students is undoubtedly the most active part of the active plate, they care about politics, knowledge and information, they have the thought, have strong sense of democracy, but also have a certain influence. And with the development of higher education of the student team becomes more and more huge An important social force, they first realized the legitimacy crisis of authoritarian regime, and to put into action to fight. Once the students' opinions and actions of other social support, will produce huge force of social transformation. In South Korea to achieve the process of transformation from dictatorship to democracy. In the group of students is not the decisive force, but it is the most active force is the most important.
Finally, facing the student movement as a way of social activities will exist for a long time and repeated occurrence of students' political development in the future and put forward the solutions. Because of the political participation of youth groups has significant contradiction, enthusiasm and indifference intertwined, independent and confused with rational and radical coexistence is important the characteristics of College Students' political consciousness at the present stage. So today we are in the process of guiding college students' political must grasp two key work, one is to guard against the student groups in the "political apathy" tendency; two is the benign interaction to create "students" and "politics". This not only to take into account the protection for college students' political enthusiasm, but also help to reduce the possibility of political risk in the period of social transition, is conducive to building a harmonious society. From strengthening and consolidating the ideological Political education, improve the ability of political groups to integrate young students, create rich participation opportunities and provide convenient participation channels, encourage college students' supportive political participation, prevent antagonistic participation, and ultimately achieve a positive interaction between students and politics.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D430;D0

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