本文選題：米爾斯　切入點(diǎn)：權(quán)力精英　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：權(quán)力是社會(huì)生活最基本的過(guò)程和政治生活中最重要的現(xiàn)象之一,權(quán)力關(guān)系存在于人類(lèi)社會(huì)的各個(gè)層面,與人們生活息息相關(guān),任何一個(gè)社會(huì)行為都是在行使權(quán)力,每一個(gè)社會(huì)關(guān)系都是權(quán)力均衡的結(jié)果,每一個(gè)社會(huì)團(tuán)體或系統(tǒng)都是權(quán)力的組織。權(quán)力研究開(kāi)始逐漸引起心理學(xué)、政治學(xué)、管理學(xué)等學(xué)科的高度重視。理論學(xué)界不少學(xué)者認(rèn)為,絕對(duì)的權(quán)力導(dǎo)致絕對(duì)的腐敗,權(quán)力就像是一只猛獸,如果不加以制約,擁有權(quán)力的人就會(huì)濫用手中的權(quán)力。關(guān)于權(quán)力的分配和制約,精英與大眾之爭(zhēng)引起了學(xué)界激烈的爭(zhēng)論,其中影響最為深遠(yuǎn)的當(dāng)數(shù)賴(lài)特·米爾斯為代表精英主義權(quán)力觀、以羅伯特·達(dá)爾為代表的權(quán)力多元主義觀。 本文首先運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)研究法和歸納對(duì)比法對(duì)米爾斯權(quán)力精英理論和羅伯特·達(dá)爾的權(quán)力多元主義理論分章進(jìn)行介紹,按照理論的思想淵源、主要內(nèi)容及其主要追隨者對(duì)其理論的繼承和發(fā)展框架進(jìn)行梳理,最后分別對(duì)兩人的權(quán)力理論進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的評(píng)析,指出其主要貢獻(xiàn)和局限性。由于目前國(guó)內(nèi)不少學(xué)者對(duì)兩種權(quán)力理論的認(rèn)識(shí)有失偏頗,本文在結(jié)論部分從權(quán)力的來(lái)源、權(quán)力的運(yùn)行、權(quán)力的運(yùn)用方式、權(quán)力核心和社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)等方面對(duì)兩種權(quán)力理論進(jìn)行對(duì)比,指出兩種理論的不同點(diǎn),并同時(shí)指出兩種理論的相同點(diǎn),以便于大家更好地理解權(quán)力精英理論和權(quán)力多元主義理論。在文章的結(jié)論最后,通過(guò)對(duì)兩種理論的梳理和對(duì)比,發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的思想蘊(yùn)含的許多關(guān)于權(quán)力的真知灼見(jiàn)和獨(dú)到的見(jiàn)解,從政治層面和經(jīng)濟(jì)層面給予我們不少啟示,比如達(dá)爾關(guān)于獨(dú)立組織和集團(tuán)和實(shí)行企業(yè)自治的思想等等,可以為構(gòu)建符合中國(guó)特色和現(xiàn)實(shí)的權(quán)力制約理論提供一種思路,也可用于指導(dǎo)我們建設(shè)中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義民主政治以及企業(yè)管理,這也為后續(xù)學(xué)者進(jìn)行權(quán)力研究指明了方向。
[Abstract]:Power is one of the most basic processes of social life and one of the most important phenomena in political life. Power relations exist in all aspects of human society and are closely related to people's lives. Every social relationship is the result of power balance, and every social organization or system is the organization of power. Absolute power leads to absolute corruption. Power is like a monster. If it is not restricted, those who have power will abuse their power. One of the most influential is Wright Mills' view of power on behalf of elitist, and the pluralistic view of power represented by Robert Dahl. In this paper, we first introduce Mills' theory of power elite and Robert Dahl's theory of power pluralism by means of literature research and inductive comparison, according to the ideological origin of the theory. The main content and its main followers of his theory of inheritance and development framework are combed, and finally, the power theory of the two men were briefly analyzed. The author points out its main contribution and limitation. As many domestic scholars are biased in their understanding of the two power theories, this paper concludes from the sources of power, the operation of power, and the mode of application of power. Comparing the power core and the social reality, pointing out the differences between the two theories, and pointing out the similarities of the two theories at the same time. In order to facilitate the better understanding of power elite theory and power pluralism theory. At the end of the article, by combing and comparing the two theories, we find that their thoughts contain many insights and original opinions about power. From the political and economic aspects, it gives us a lot of inspiration, such as Dahl's idea of independent organizations and groups and the practice of enterprise autonomy, and so on, which can provide a way of thinking for building a theory of power restriction that conforms to the Chinese characteristics and reality. It can also be used to guide us to build socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics and enterprise management, which also points out the direction for the subsequent research on power.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D091

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