本文關(guān)鍵詞： 葛蘭西 政黨思想 現(xiàn)實意義　出處：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：葛蘭西是晚于列寧的社會主義思想家,是意大利共產(chǎn)黨的創(chuàng)始人和總記,他以其深邃的西方文化修養(yǎng)和對西歐社會主義運動的客觀情況的深入了解,力圖在同機會主義的斗爭中尋找符合西歐發(fā)達資本主義國家歷史現(xiàn)實情況的革命道路,他的政黨思想同樣是在這樣的環(huán)境中產(chǎn)生的。葛蘭西的政黨思想是葛蘭西政治思想中不可或缺的重要組成部分。 國外學(xué)者對于葛蘭西的研究側(cè)重于他的思想對他之后的意大利共產(chǎn)黨的影響和意義、對于當(dāng)今資本主義社會存在的問題的解決的意義,具有較強的開放性和時代性,但是總體上卻傾向于去馬克思主義化研究,較少論及葛蘭西與馬克思主義之間的關(guān)系。國內(nèi)學(xué)者對于葛蘭西的政治思想側(cè)重于介紹說明,較少對其加以分析和運用。對葛蘭西政黨思想方面的研究也都是散見于、包含于葛蘭西其他方面的理論研究當(dāng)中。在綜合國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上可以看到,葛蘭西政黨思想研究在一定程度上可以說是葛蘭西政治思想研究的一個缺失。因此,把隱藏在葛蘭西政治思想中的政黨思想單獨作為一個研究對象進行研究就顯得極其必要。 本文以葛蘭西的政黨思想為研究對象,從葛蘭西的內(nèi)容極其豐富的政治思想中尋找與之相關(guān)的理論和思想,以葛蘭西的主要著作為依據(jù),以中國共產(chǎn)黨所面臨的時代背景及時代任務(wù)為實踐基礎(chǔ),從葛蘭西的政黨思想中汲取對于執(zhí)政黨建設(shè)有益的經(jīng)驗和啟示。本文除結(jié)論外具體包括以下四個部分： 第一部分是引言,主要介紹論文的選題意義、國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、框架結(jié)構(gòu)及創(chuàng)新之處、研究方法。 第二部分是葛蘭西政黨思想產(chǎn)生的背景,主要從意大利無產(chǎn)階級運動缺乏領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、葛蘭西對“南方問題”的持續(xù)研究和關(guān)注、一戰(zhàn)中和戰(zhàn)后意大利社會黨對局勢的無能為力、俄國革命和列寧思想的影響、意共產(chǎn)生時的國際國內(nèi)形勢、意共內(nèi)部的宗派主義及蘇共內(nèi)部的矛盾這七個方面介紹了葛蘭西政黨思想產(chǎn)生的時代背景和思想環(huán)境。 第三部分是本文的主體內(nèi)容,即葛蘭西政黨思想的內(nèi)容,包括四個方面：一是政黨的含義、形成和消亡,介紹了什么是政黨,什么是馬克思主義政黨；二是政黨的組成要素及其相互關(guān)系,政黨由群眾要素、干部要素和領(lǐng)袖要素組成；三是政黨的特征,黨是民族主義和國際主義的統(tǒng)一,黨是群眾性政黨,黨的組織原則是“有機的”民主集中制,黨是一個“集體知識分子”,黨是總體性政黨以及黨的統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線思想；四是政黨的職能,黨具有政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職能、平衡和仲裁的職能、文化職能和警察職能。 第四部分是葛蘭西政黨思想的現(xiàn)實意義,本部分從以下四個方面論述：一是擴大黨的群眾基礎(chǔ)；二是加強意識形態(tài)教育；三是在黨建中堅持民主集中制；四是加強干部隊伍建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:Gramsci, a socialist thinker later than Lenin, was the founder and general record of the Italian Communist Party. With his profound western culture and deep understanding of the objective situation of the socialist movement in Western Europe, Striving to find a revolutionary path in the struggle against opportunism that conforms to the historical realities of the developed capitalist countries of Western Europe, His party thought was also produced in such an environment, and Gramsci's party thought was an indispensable part of Gramsci's political thought. The study on Gramsci by foreign scholars focuses on the influence and significance of his thoughts on the Italian Communist Party after him, and on the significance of solving the problems existing in the capitalist society. But on the whole, they tend to deMarxism, less on the relationship between Gramsci and Marxism. Domestic scholars focus on introducing and explaining Gramsci's political thought. It is seldom analyzed and applied. The study of Gramsci's party ideology is also scattered in other theoretical studies of Gramsci. On the basis of synthesizing the current research situation at home and abroad, we can see, To a certain extent, the study of Gramsci's party thought can be said to be a deficiency of his political thought, so it is very necessary to study the political party thought hidden in Gramsci's political thought as an object of study. This article regards Gramsci's political party thought as the research object, looks for the related theory and thought from the Gramsci's political thought which is extremely rich, takes the Gramsci's main work as the basis, Based on the background and task of the times faced by the Communist Party of China, this paper draws useful experience and enlightenment from Gramsci's party thought on the construction of the ruling party. Besides the conclusion, this paper includes the following four parts:. The first part is the introduction, which mainly introduces the significance of the topic, the current situation of domestic and foreign research, the frame structure and innovation, and the research methods. The second part is the background of Gramsci's political party thought, mainly from the lack of leadership of the Italian proletarian movement, the continuous research and concern of Gramsci on the "Southern problem", and the powerlessness of the Italian Socialist Party to the situation during and after the first World War. The influence of the Russian Revolution and Lenin's thought, the international and domestic situation when the Italian Communist Party came into being, the sectarianism within the Italian Communist Party and the contradictions within the Communist Party of Soviet Union (CPC) introduced the background and the ideological environment of Gramsci's party thought. The third part is the main content of this article, that is, the content of Gramsci's party thought, including four aspects: first, the meaning of political party, formation and extinction, introduced what is a political party, what is a Marxist political party; Second, the constituent elements of political parties and their mutual relations, which are composed of mass elements, cadre elements and leadership elements; third, the characteristics of political parties, the unity of nationalism and internationalism, and the mass nature of the party. The organizational principle of the Party is "organic" democratic centralism, the Party is a "collective intellectual", the Party is the overall political party and the Party's United front ideology, and the fourth is the function of the party, which has the functions of political leadership, balance and arbitration. Cultural and police functions. The 4th part is the realistic significance of Gramsci's party thought. This part is discussed from the following four aspects: first, to expand the mass base of the Party; second, to strengthen ideological education; third, to adhere to democratic centralism in the party building; Fourth, we should strengthen the building of the contingent of cadres.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D09

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