本文關(guān)鍵詞： 政治正義 原初狀態(tài) 無知之幕 兩個正義原則 重疊共識　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：正義作為社會制度的首要價(jià)值，對于一個社會來說是至關(guān)重要的。當(dāng)前，我國處于社會轉(zhuǎn)型期，面臨著諸多公平正義問題，例如：社會地位的不平等，競爭機(jī)會的不平等和貧富差距拉大等問題，這些問題都需要樹立一種合理的正義觀以待解決。馬克思主義理論作為中國的指導(dǎo)思想，其正義理論中的“按勞分配”原則已經(jīng)不滿足社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下的要求，需要其它思想豐富和發(fā)展馬克思正義理論。羅爾斯的正義理論正好符合這種要求，我們期待通過研究羅爾斯正義理論，對馬克思正義理論起到借鑒作用，啟發(fā)我們深入挖掘馬克思正義理論。 本文以羅爾斯后期政治正義為立足點(diǎn)，以政治正義的政治建構(gòu)為主線而展開。政治正義是羅爾斯后期著作《政治自由主義》的核心，《政治自由主義》是在前期著作《正義論》基礎(chǔ)上的深入研究和建構(gòu)，是在《正義論》之后的二十多年里對正義理論的修繕。在《正義論》中強(qiáng)調(diào)正義的道德觀念所整合的社會，將是一個秩序良好的社會，而在《政治自由主義》中，秩序良好的社會是以正義的政治觀念所整合的，這種政治的正義觀念是現(xiàn)實(shí)多元論下各種完備性學(xué)說重疊共識的焦點(diǎn)�！白鳛楣降恼x”這個理念始終貫穿于這兩本著作中，它在政治的正義觀念中并沒有失去其前期的意義。我們以馬克思?xì)v史唯物主義視角，分析羅爾斯政治正義建構(gòu)的邏輯環(huán)節(jié)：原初狀態(tài)——正義原則——重疊共識。采用理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際和從抽象到具體的研究方法，指出羅爾斯政治正義理論建構(gòu)的非歷史性和非現(xiàn)實(shí)性。同時，肯定其正義理論的合理部分，以此用來豐富馬克思主義正義理論。其政治正義理論的核心理念重疊共識，對現(xiàn)今全球化形勢下的多元主義沖突的各方達(dá)成和解找到了理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)途徑，，具有重大的作用和意義。
[Abstract]:As the primary value of social system, justice is of great importance to a society. At present, our country is in the period of social transformation and is facing many problems of fairness and justice, such as the inequality of social status. The inequality of competitive opportunities and the widening gap between the rich and the poor need to establish a reasonable view of justice to be solved. The principle of "distribution according to work" in his theory of justice has not met the requirements of the socialist market economy, and other ideas are needed to enrich and develop Marxist theory of justice. We hope that by studying Rawls' justice theory, we can draw lessons from Marx's justice theory and enlighten us to dig into Marx's justice theory. This paper takes the later political justice of Rawls as its foothold. Political justice is the core of Rawls' later works "political liberalism", and "political liberalism" is a thorough study and construction on the basis of his earlier work "the theory of justice". In the more than 20 years after the theory of justice, the society that emphasizes the moral concept of justice will be a society in good order, and in political liberalism, A well-ordered society is integrated with the political concept of justice, which is the focus of the overlapping consensus of various theories of completeness under realistic pluralism. It does not lose its early significance in the concept of political justice. We take the perspective of Marx's historical materialism. This paper analyzes the logical link of Rawls' political justice construction: the original state-justice principle-overlapping consensus. It adopts the research method from theory to practice and from abstract to concrete. The author points out that Rawls' theory of political justice is not historical and realistic. At the same time, it affirms the reasonable part of his theory of justice, which is used to enrich Marxist theory of justice. The reconciliation between the parties in the pluralistic conflict under the current globalization situation has found a theoretical and practical approach, which has a great role and significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：B712.79;D091

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