【摘要】：棲流所是清代官方舉辦,用以安撫流民的救濟(jì)機(jī)構(gòu),屬非主流及輔助性的官賑措施,是一項(xiàng)較成功地管理及控制流民并穩(wěn)定社會的措施,在清帝國統(tǒng)一控制的疆域內(nèi)廣泛存在。云南在清代也建立了棲流所并實(shí)施了官方的系列制度,在一個側(cè)面體現(xiàn)了統(tǒng)治者"天下同治"的理想。棲流所的建立,不僅在邊疆治理及社會控制中發(fā)揮了穩(wěn)定民心、穩(wěn)固地方統(tǒng)治、安撫民眾及鞏固邊防的積極作用,也再次表明底層民眾的支持接納對王朝及其統(tǒng)治命運(yùn)的轉(zhuǎn)向起到了不可忽視的積極作用。同時也需看到,棲流所沿用清代官賑機(jī)制,在一定程度上存在貪腐現(xiàn)象,進(jìn)入棲流所的流民數(shù)量有限,很難達(dá)到完全救濟(jì)窮黎的目的,故清代官方基層救濟(jì)的社會效應(yīng)在實(shí)際操作層面上是有限的。
[Abstract]:The perch house is a relief organization held by the Qing government to appease the displaced. It is a non-mainstream and auxiliary official relief measure. It is a successful measure to manage and control the displaced and stabilize the society. It exists widely in the territory under the unified control of the Qing Empire. Yunnan also established the perch institute in the Qing Dynasty and carried out a series of official systems, which embodied the ideal of "ruling the world together" in one aspect. The establishment of the perch not only played a positive role in stabilizing the people's mind, stabilizing the local rule, comforting the people and consolidating the frontier defense in the border area governance and social control. It also shows that the support and acceptance of the bottom-class people played an important role in the turn of the dynasty and its ruling destiny. At the same time, we also need to see that the official relief mechanism used in the perch was to a certain extent corrupt, and the number of displaced people entering the perch was limited, so it was very difficult to completely relieve the poor Li. Therefore, the social effect of the official grass-roots relief in Qing Dynasty is limited on the practical level.
【作者單位】： 云南大學(xué)西南環(huán)境史研究所;
【分類號】：K249
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本文編號：2411084