于慎行研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-21 11:21
【摘要】：于慎行歷經(jīng)嘉隆萬(wàn)三朝，官至明代內(nèi)閣大學(xué)士，是明代后期有名的政治家、文學(xué)家、史學(xué)家。于慎行生于明代嘉靖二十四年（1514年），卒于明代萬(wàn)歷三十五年（1608年），，于慎行原祖籍文登，是兗州府東阿縣人。于慎行字可遠(yuǎn)，又字無(wú)垢，號(hào)谷山，后世稱其為于閣老。 于慎行年輕時(shí)期就表現(xiàn)出不凡的才華，他在17歲時(shí)便鄉(xiāng)試中舉，隆慶二年中進(jìn)士，后改為翰林院庶吉士。萬(wàn)歷年間，參與修撰《穆宗實(shí)錄》并參與了《明會(huì)典》的重修，后來(lái)又破例以史官充任日講官。于慎行目睹了明代中后期的政治腐敗，吏治敗壞，士風(fēng)日下等種種不正之風(fēng)。他本人言行一致，為官清廉，剛正不阿，在政治上，他主張寬和為政，提倡改革官場(chǎng)作風(fēng)，反對(duì)個(gè)人專斷，要求官員潔身自重，這在當(dāng)時(shí)明代后期黑暗腐敗的官場(chǎng)上，無(wú)疑是很可貴的。在經(jīng)濟(jì)上于慎行積極肯定商人的地位，高度評(píng)價(jià)工商業(yè)的作用，主張對(duì)商人和工商業(yè)給予切實(shí)的保護(hù)和扶持。在思想上于慎行積極主張儒、佛、道三教融合，他指出在三教融合過(guò)程中，儒家必須占主導(dǎo)地位，并駕馭佛、道二教，這種三教合一是在以儒家思想占主導(dǎo)地位的前提下實(shí)現(xiàn)的。 于慎行為官期間品行端正、剛正不阿、言行一致，在原則問(wèn)題上他寧愿丟棄官職也不妥協(xié)，這種性格導(dǎo)致了他一生的仕途坎坎坷坷，三起三落。于慎行辭官回歸故里以后，依舊心系國(guó)家、憂國(guó)憂民，其將大部分時(shí)間都用在了讀書(shū)著述上，他著有的著作有：《兗州府志》、《讀史漫錄》、《谷山筆麈》、《古城山館詩(shī)集》、《谷城山館文集》等。 萬(wàn)歷二十四年本的《兗州府志》纂修于明代中期，共五十二卷。于慎行在編纂期間對(duì)文獻(xiàn)資料進(jìn)行了大量征集，還歷覽了州郡縣各地有關(guān)地形、賦役、水利、交通、手工業(yè)等與國(guó)計(jì)民生有關(guān)的資料，歷經(jīng)三年多編纂才得以完成�！秲贾莞尽穬�(nèi)容極其詳盡，有極高的史料價(jià)值，其史料價(jià)值不僅高于前代的《兗州府志》，比后來(lái)清代乾隆年間陳顧主編的《兗州府志》也有許多優(yōu)長(zhǎng)之處，堪稱明代方志中不可多得的佳作。 于慎行自幼受儒家傳統(tǒng)文化的熏陶，用儒家傳統(tǒng)的完美道德去衡量人及人生價(jià)值，有著達(dá)則兼濟(jì)天下，窮則獨(dú)善其身的胸懷。于慎行的一生都充滿了濃厚的憂患意識(shí)。他主張?jiān)谄湮恢\其政，居其官負(fù)其責(zé)；在野心系國(guó)家，憂國(guó)憂民；悲天憫人，顧念蒼生，這種憂患之情在他的許多著作中都表現(xiàn)的很明顯。 于慎行的家鄉(xiāng)是平陰縣，那里歷史悠久，文化燦爛，歷代人文景觀薈萃，而且有眾多名勝古跡。于慎行以其崇高的人格魅力、廣博的學(xué)識(shí)、出色的史學(xué)文學(xué)成就贏得了世代家鄉(xiāng)人的懷念和尊重，這些都為其家鄉(xiāng)的文明建設(shè)留下了寶貴的精神財(cái)富。研究于慎行的治學(xué)、文學(xué)、史學(xué)等成就及其忠君愛(ài)國(guó)、敢于直言、清正廉明的士大夫風(fēng)范，對(duì)于弘揚(yáng)中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化，促進(jìn)祖國(guó)的學(xué)術(shù)發(fā)展都有著重要的意義。
[Abstract]:Yu Shenxing was a famous statesman, writer and historian in the late Ming Dynasty. Yu Shenxing was born in Ming Dynasty Jiajing twenty-four years (1514), died in Ming Dynasty Wanli 35 years (1608), Yu Shenxing original home Wendeng, Yanzhou Prefecture Donga County. Yu Shenxing word can be far, and the word no dirt, no Gushan, later known as the pavilion old. Yu Shenxing showed extraordinary talent when he was young, when he was 17 years old in the rural test, Longqing two years in the Scholars, then changed to Hanlin Yuan Shu Ji Shi. During the Wanli period, he participated in the revision of Mu Zong, and later took part in the restoration of the Ming Dynasty, and later made an exception as a Japanese official. Yu Shenxing witnessed the middle and late Ming Dynasty political corruption, corruption of officials, the decline of scholars and other unhealthy winds. He himself acts in line with his words and deeds, being clean and upright. Politically, he advocates leniency, reform of the official style, opposition to personal arbitrariness, and the need for officials to be clean and self-respecting. This was in the dark and corrupt officialdom of the late Ming Dynasty. There is no doubt that it is very valuable. In economy, we should actively affirm the status of merchants, highly evaluate the role of industry and commerce, and advocate to give practical protection and support to businessmen and industry and commerce. He pointed out that in the process of the integration of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, Confucianism must play a leading role and control Buddhism and Taoism. The integration of the three religions was realized on the premise of Confucianism. While he was an official, he was upright, upright and consistent with his words and deeds. On the issue of principle, he preferred to abandon his official duties rather than compromise, a character that led to a bumpy career and three ups and downs in his life. After Yu Shenxing resigned from his post, he was still concerned about the country and worried about the people. He spent most of his time reading and writing. His works include: Yanzhou Government Records, "A Companion of History", and "Gushan Pen Zhu". The collection of poems in Gucheng Mountain Museum, the collection of works in Guchengshan Pavilion, and so on. Wanli Twenty-four years of the "Yanzhou government chronicles" compiled in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, a total of 52 volumes. During the compilation period, Yu Shenxing collected a large number of documents and materials related to the national economy and the people's livelihood, including landforms, taxes, water conservancy, transportation, handicrafts, and so on. It took more than three years to complete the compilation. Yanzhou official Records is extremely detailed and of great historical value, and its historical value is not only higher than that of the previous dynasties. Yanzhou Fuzhi, edited by Chen Gu in the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, has many advantages, and is a rare masterpiece in the Ming Dynasty. Yu Shenxing was influenced by the Confucian traditional culture from a young age. He used the perfect morality of Confucian tradition to measure the value of human and life. He cared about the people when he was in a position and paid attention to his own mind when he was unknown. Yu Shenxing's life is full of a strong sense of suffering. He argued that he should seek his government in his own place, that he should be responsible for his position; that he was in opposition to the country and that he was worried about the nation; and that the feeling of compassion and concern for the living was evident in many of his works. Yu Shenxing's hometown is Pingyin County, which has a long history, splendid culture, cultural landscape, and numerous places of interest. Yu Shenxing, with his lofty personality charm, extensive knowledge and outstanding achievements in historiography and literature, has won the nostalgia and respect of his hometown people for generations, all of which have left valuable spiritual wealth for the civilization construction of his hometown. It is of great significance to study Yu Shenxing's achievements in academic studies, literature, history, and the style of literati and officials who are loyal to the emperor and patriotic, dare to speak up, and be honest and honest. It is of great significance to carry forward the traditional culture of the Chinese nation and promote the academic development of the motherland.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：K248
本文編號(hào)：2388843
[Abstract]:Yu Shenxing was a famous statesman, writer and historian in the late Ming Dynasty. Yu Shenxing was born in Ming Dynasty Jiajing twenty-four years (1514), died in Ming Dynasty Wanli 35 years (1608), Yu Shenxing original home Wendeng, Yanzhou Prefecture Donga County. Yu Shenxing word can be far, and the word no dirt, no Gushan, later known as the pavilion old. Yu Shenxing showed extraordinary talent when he was young, when he was 17 years old in the rural test, Longqing two years in the Scholars, then changed to Hanlin Yuan Shu Ji Shi. During the Wanli period, he participated in the revision of Mu Zong, and later took part in the restoration of the Ming Dynasty, and later made an exception as a Japanese official. Yu Shenxing witnessed the middle and late Ming Dynasty political corruption, corruption of officials, the decline of scholars and other unhealthy winds. He himself acts in line with his words and deeds, being clean and upright. Politically, he advocates leniency, reform of the official style, opposition to personal arbitrariness, and the need for officials to be clean and self-respecting. This was in the dark and corrupt officialdom of the late Ming Dynasty. There is no doubt that it is very valuable. In economy, we should actively affirm the status of merchants, highly evaluate the role of industry and commerce, and advocate to give practical protection and support to businessmen and industry and commerce. He pointed out that in the process of the integration of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, Confucianism must play a leading role and control Buddhism and Taoism. The integration of the three religions was realized on the premise of Confucianism. While he was an official, he was upright, upright and consistent with his words and deeds. On the issue of principle, he preferred to abandon his official duties rather than compromise, a character that led to a bumpy career and three ups and downs in his life. After Yu Shenxing resigned from his post, he was still concerned about the country and worried about the people. He spent most of his time reading and writing. His works include: Yanzhou Government Records, "A Companion of History", and "Gushan Pen Zhu". The collection of poems in Gucheng Mountain Museum, the collection of works in Guchengshan Pavilion, and so on. Wanli Twenty-four years of the "Yanzhou government chronicles" compiled in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, a total of 52 volumes. During the compilation period, Yu Shenxing collected a large number of documents and materials related to the national economy and the people's livelihood, including landforms, taxes, water conservancy, transportation, handicrafts, and so on. It took more than three years to complete the compilation. Yanzhou official Records is extremely detailed and of great historical value, and its historical value is not only higher than that of the previous dynasties. Yanzhou Fuzhi, edited by Chen Gu in the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, has many advantages, and is a rare masterpiece in the Ming Dynasty. Yu Shenxing was influenced by the Confucian traditional culture from a young age. He used the perfect morality of Confucian tradition to measure the value of human and life. He cared about the people when he was in a position and paid attention to his own mind when he was unknown. Yu Shenxing's life is full of a strong sense of suffering. He argued that he should seek his government in his own place, that he should be responsible for his position; that he was in opposition to the country and that he was worried about the nation; and that the feeling of compassion and concern for the living was evident in many of his works. Yu Shenxing's hometown is Pingyin County, which has a long history, splendid culture, cultural landscape, and numerous places of interest. Yu Shenxing, with his lofty personality charm, extensive knowledge and outstanding achievements in historiography and literature, has won the nostalgia and respect of his hometown people for generations, all of which have left valuable spiritual wealth for the civilization construction of his hometown. It is of great significance to study Yu Shenxing's achievements in academic studies, literature, history, and the style of literati and officials who are loyal to the emperor and patriotic, dare to speak up, and be honest and honest. It is of great significance to carry forward the traditional culture of the Chinese nation and promote the academic development of the motherland.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：K248
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