本文選題：晚明 + 泰州��； 參考：《古代文明》2017年04期

【摘要】：晚明泰州經(jīng)濟(jì)的衰敗很大程度上是國家黃、運(yùn)治理政策形塑的結(jié)果。明代治黃以保運(yùn)為先,造成淮河入海通路被侵占,遂使淮揚(yáng)運(yùn)道、祖陵與下河州縣同罹水患。在治水技術(shù)無法提供兼顧三者的解決方案時,明廷鑒于祖陵、運(yùn)道對皇室與國計的特殊意義,選擇將下河作為排泄區(qū)。這種角色設(shè)定導(dǎo)致泰州水害頻發(fā),破壞了原先優(yōu)良的農(nóng)作環(huán)境,當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)也隨之陷入困境。泰州士紳既無力扭轉(zhuǎn)大的水利格局,也未能說服國家提供更多的賦稅優(yōu)惠,水利與稅收分配的主導(dǎo)權(quán)始終掌握在國家手中。這表明在地方與國家核心利益發(fā)生沖突時,地方社會所能體現(xiàn)出來的自主性與能動性有限,很難抵制國家行為對地方民生的侵害。晚明泰州的遭遇顯示帝制國家對地方社會保有較強(qiáng)的穿透力與影響力,地方史研究亦需充分考量"國家"要素。
[Abstract]:Taizhou's economic decline in the late Ming Dynasty was largely the result of the government's policy of governance. In the Ming Dynasty, protection of the Yellow River as the first, resulting in the Huaihe River access to the sea was encroached on, so that Huaiyang Road, Zuling and Xiaohe County suffered from the same flood. In view of the special significance of Zuling and Yundao to the royal family and the state, the Ming court chose to take the river down as the drainage area when the water control technology could not provide a solution that could take account of the three aspects. This role-setting led to the frequent occurrence of water hazards in Taizhou, destroying the original good farming environment, and the local economy was also in trouble. The Taizhou gentry could neither reverse the large water conservancy pattern nor persuade the state to provide more tax concessions. The leading power of water conservancy and tax distribution was always in the hands of the state. This shows that when the core interests of the local and the state conflict, the autonomy and initiative of the local society is limited, and it is difficult to resist the encroachment of the state behavior on the local people's livelihood. The experience of Taizhou in the late Ming Dynasty shows that the imperial state has strong penetration and influence over the local society, and the study of local history also needs to give full consideration to the elements of "state".
【作者單位】： 東北師范大學(xué)歷史文化學(xué)院;
【分類號】：K248.3
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本文編號：2090315