本文選題：宋文 + 慶歷黨爭��； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：北宋士大夫的碑志文創(chuàng)作不單單是為了標(biāo)識墓壙或歌功頌德,而且產(chǎn)生了文體新變,有了明顯的史傳特點(diǎn)�？疾毂彼吸h爭中的黨人碑志,可以從與詩賦等不同角度出發(fā)挖掘黨爭中黨人們的心態(tài),了解特殊政治環(huán)境下碑志的書寫特色,能夠更加清楚地認(rèn)識北宋黨爭。 該論文在廣泛閱讀眾多北宋黨人碑志以及其他相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)材料的基礎(chǔ)上,對北宋黨爭對黨人碑志撰寫的影響以及特殊政治環(huán)境下黨人碑志的書寫特色進(jìn)行了較為深入而系統(tǒng)的考察,以期在一定程度上推進(jìn)北宋黨爭與碑志的相關(guān)研究。 本文主要由導(dǎo)論、正文和結(jié)語三個(gè)部分組成。主要內(nèi)容如下： 第一部分是導(dǎo)論。導(dǎo)論部分對本文研究基礎(chǔ)、研究意義及思路進(jìn)行簡單介紹,并對本文相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行界定。 第二部分是正文,由四章組成： 第一章對現(xiàn)存北宋碑志文進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì),并考察北宋碑志文在擇人、取材、傳寫、刊印等方面的慣例,同時(shí)概述北宋士大夫碑志創(chuàng)作主張,比較了唐宋碑志書寫方式的不同,從總體上對北宋士大夫撰寫碑志之慣例進(jìn)行了考察。 第二章從黨人碑志來看,歸納出慶歷黨爭時(shí)期,碑志中表現(xiàn)得最為頻繁的言事主題主要有四個(gè)：一是元昊叛邊,二是儂智高叛亂,三是廢后之爭,四是慶歷新政。尤其以元昊叛邊和儂智高叛亂為主。而在新舊黨爭時(shí)期,碑志中體現(xiàn)出的最為頻繁的言事主題就是王安石新法。這些言事主題,基本構(gòu)成了北宋黨爭時(shí)期碑志中的主要言事內(nèi)容,同時(shí)也是北宋黨爭時(shí)期黨人爭論的焦點(diǎn)。黨人碑志的撰者在慶歷黨爭和新舊黨爭時(shí)期的心態(tài)有相同之處,都有著實(shí)錄與避禍的矛盾心理。同時(shí),新舊黨爭中后期的黨人碑志比慶歷黨爭期間的黨人碑志多了幾分意氣之爭。關(guān)于碑志的撰寫,作為一個(gè)政治同盟,黨派內(nèi)部人員去世之后,碑志的撰寫大都由自己內(nèi)部人員撰寫。慶歷黨爭中,范仲淹一派的黨人碑志中,墓主和撰者在政治關(guān)系中處于同一方,即作為范黨的主要成員,在他們?nèi)ナ篮?碑志基本都由自己人來寫。但是呂夷簡等呂黨的核心成員去世后的碑志并不是由他們內(nèi)部的核心人員撰寫,這一點(diǎn)與范黨大相徑庭。另外,范黨這一派黨人在碑志中常常以受害者的口吻撰寫碑志,表現(xiàn)自己忠而被謗,透射出范黨為是、呂黨為非的政治觀點(diǎn)。關(guān)于碑志中黨人的分野情況,從現(xiàn)存慶歷黨爭時(shí)期的黨人碑志來看兩黨的分野,可以明晰地看清范黨一派的主要參與人員,而無法通過碑志洞察呂黨一派的主要參與人員。但是若與以后的新舊黨爭相比較,從黨人碑志看慶歷黨爭中官員分野是相對清楚的,而之后的新舊黨爭規(guī)模更大、參與人數(shù)更多,官員的分野更為復(fù)雜。另外,本章還考察了黨人碑志中的非政治關(guān)系與黨爭、黨爭中的武臣與內(nèi)臣等相關(guān)問題。 第三章主要考察黨爭中黨人碑志撰寫在內(nèi)容取材及筆法上的特色。黨人碑志中,涉及黨爭的敏感因素記載主要是事件和人物,關(guān)于事件和人物的記敘,撰者在內(nèi)容和筆法方面采取了相應(yīng)的策略。由于政治生態(tài)環(huán)境的特殊,黨爭中士人撰寫碑志的心態(tài)與平時(shí)不同,在特殊的語境之中,碑志的撰寫出現(xiàn)了在內(nèi)容及筆法上與一般碑志不同的特殊現(xiàn)象�？偟膩碚f,北宋黨爭壓力所造成的特殊語境造就了推托請銘風(fēng)氣的加劇。黨爭環(huán)境下,碑志中的曲筆,是撰者為了在實(shí)錄與避禍之間尋找平衡點(diǎn)所運(yùn)用的一種書寫方式。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)曲筆的目標(biāo),撰者就不得不利用一些修辭表達(dá),以期在實(shí)錄與避禍之間找到平衡點(diǎn)。比如,對相關(guān)敏感政治事件的記敘,撰者會(huì)有意進(jìn)行刪取,對相關(guān)人物的記敘,撰者常常用泛指代替特指。本章還從歐陽修、蘇軾、王安石、司馬光、范祖禹等人的黨人碑志撰寫出發(fā),各自考察了他們所代表的黨爭中黨人碑志的撰寫習(xí)慣。總的來說,排除傳統(tǒng)碑志撰寫的固定模式和固有局限之外,考察整個(gè)北宋黨爭時(shí)期黨人碑志普遍書寫取材習(xí)慣及修辭策略與黨爭的關(guān)系,可以得出這樣的結(jié)論,即黨爭的特殊壓力確實(shí)給碑志的撰寫帶來了較大影響。 第四章從黨爭中碑志的傳播出發(fā),考察黨爭對碑志的傳播所造成的影響。北宋黨爭發(fā)展到后期,出現(xiàn)了“崇寧黨禁”,宋朝從人事組織到意識形態(tài)都出現(xiàn)了嚴(yán)酷的黨禁,直到宋徽宗退位,長達(dá)二十多年之久的“崇寧黨禁”影響了碑志的撰寫與傳播。請銘撰銘風(fēng)氣的盛行與衰落,禁碑與毀碑,碑志入石、結(jié)集時(shí)內(nèi)容的刪改等,都體現(xiàn)了黨爭對碑志的傳播和解讀產(chǎn)生了較大影響。 本文的最后一部分是結(jié)語,提出了黨爭中的黨人碑志與正史筆法之間的相關(guān)研究問題,以期在之后進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的研究。
[Abstract]:The inscriptions on the inscriptions on the inscriptions of the scholar bureaucrats in the Northern Song Dynasty are not only to identify the tombstone or the singing of praise and virtue, but also produce new changes in style and have obvious historical characteristics. Enough to make a clearer understanding of the party controversy in the Northern Song Dynasty.
On the basis of extensive reading of the inscriptions of the party in the Northern Song Dynasty and other related documents, this paper makes a thorough and systematic investigation on the influence of the party controversy on the writing of the party's epitaph in the Northern Song Dynasty and the writing characteristics of the party's epitaph in the special political environment, in order to promote the related research of the party controversy and the epitaph in the Northern Song Dynasty to a certain extent.
This article is mainly composed of three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion.
The first part is an introduction. The introductory part briefly introduces the research foundation, the research significance and the train of thought, and defines the relevant concepts.
The second part is the text, which is composed of four chapters.
The first chapter is the statistics of the inscriptions on the inscriptions in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the practice of the inscriptions on the inscriptions of the Northern Song Dynasty in the aspects of selecting people, taking materials, passing and writing, publishing and printing, and summarizing the ideas of the writing of the inscriptions on the inscriptions of the scholar officials in the Northern Song Dynasty, comparing the different ways of writing the inscriptions of the inscriptions of the Tang and Song Dynasties, and investigating the general practice of writing the inscriptions on the inscriptions of the scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty.
The second chapter, from the party's epitaph, summed up the period of the party in the Party of Qingli. There are four main themes of the most frequent expression in the epitaph: one is Yuan Hao's rebellion, the two is the rebellion of Nong Chicco, the three is the disputing of the waste, the four is the new deal of Qingli, especially the rebellion of Yuan Hao and the Nong Chicco rebellion. The frequent theme of the speech is the new law of Wang Anshi, which basically constitute the main words and contents of the epitaph in the period of the party contention in the Northern Song Dynasty, and also the focus of the debate on the party in the period of the party contention in the Northern Song Dynasty. At the same time, the epitaph of the party in the middle and late period of the new and old party contention was much more contended than the party's epitaph during the party's contention. As to the writing of the epitaph, as a political alliance, after the death of the members of the party, the writing of the epitaph was mostly written by his own internal personnel. In the party controversy of Qingli party, the epitaph of the Party of Fan Zhongyan I, the owner and the writer of the inscription On the same party in the political relationship, that is, as the main member of the fan party, after their death, the epitaph is basically written by their own people. But the epitaph after the death of the core members of LV Yi Jane and other LV party is not written by their inner core staff, which is quite different from the fan party. In addition, the fan party is often in the epitaph of the epitaph. Writing the epitaph with the victim's voice, showing that he is loyal and slander and transmitting the political views of the party is a non - political view of the party. On the separation of the party in the inscription on the epitaph, the division of the two parties from the party's epitaph of the extant period of the Party's party debate can clearly see the main participants of the fan party, but can not see the LV party through the epitaph. But if it is compared with the new and old party disputes in the future, it is relatively clear that the separation of officials from the party's inscription on the party is relatively clear, and the new and old party disputes are larger, the number of participants is more, and the division of the officials is more complex. In addition, this chapter also examines the non political relations and party disputes in the party's epitaph and the party dispute. Wu Chen and the internal minister and other related issues.
The third chapter mainly examines the characteristics of the writing and writing of the party's epitaph in the party's dispute. In the party's epitaph, the sensitive factors involved in the party's controversy are mainly events and characters, and the narration of the events and characters, the writer has taken the corresponding tactics in the content and the writing method. In the special context, the writing of the epitaph is different from the usual. In the special context, the writing of the epitaph is different from the general epitaph. In general, the special context caused by the pressure of the party controversy in the Northern Song Dynasty has created the intensification of the motto. A writing style used to find balance between disasters. In order to achieve the goal of a piece of writing, the writer has to use some rhetorical expressions to find a balance between the actual record and the avoidance of disaster. For example, the narration of the related sensitive political events will be deliberately deleted and the narration of the related characters is often replaced by a general reference. This chapter also begins with the writing of the inscriptions on the inscriptions of the Party of Ou Yangxiu, Su Shi, Wang Anshi, Sima Guang, Fan Zuyu and others, and examines the writing habits of the inscriptions on the party's epitaph in the party disputes they represent. In general, to exclude the fixed patterns and inherent limitations of the traditional inscriptions on the inscriptions and to examine the general writing of the party's epitaph in the period of the party controversy during the Northern Song Dynasty. The relationship between material habits and rhetorical strategies and party struggles can draw the conclusion that the special pressure of party struggles really has a great impact on the writing of inscriptions.
The fourth chapter, starting from the spread of the epitaph in the party dispute, inspects the influence of the party controversy on the spread of the epitaph. In the late period of the Northern Song Dynasty, the "party ban on the party" appeared in the late period of the party controversy in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the Song Dynasty from the personnel organization to the ideology had been strictly forbidden until Song Huizong was abdicated, and the "Chong Ning party prohibition" for more than 20 years had influenced the epitaph. Writing and spreading, please write inscriptions on the prevalence and decline of the wind, the prohibition of monuments and monuments, stone inscriptions, and the deletion of the contents of the collection, which have reflected the great influence of the party controversy on the spread and interpretation of the epitaph.
The last part of this article is the conclusion. It puts forward the related research questions between the party's epitaph and the official history writing method in the party struggle, with a view to further study later.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K244

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 顧建軍;司馬光治道研究[D];中共中央黨校;2013年

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本文編號：2071650