發(fā)布時間：2018-05-30 20:45

  本文選題：江南 + 竹��； 參考：《復旦大學》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：人與自然的互動關系是環(huán)境變遷研究的重要部分。本文試圖以人與竹的關系.為切入點,來討論生態(tài)社會問題。通過對歷史時期古人對竹子的感受和態(tài)度,科學性的觀察以及栽培利用等方面討論人與竹、人與自然之間的關系。論文第一部分是導言,主體部分分為四章。 第一章討論了早期江南的竹林景觀。歷史時期的景觀變貌是一個不斷發(fā)展的過程,現代江南的情況是由以往的情況發(fā)展演變而來,通過對現在的情況的分析,理解早期文獻中對景觀情況的描述。農業(yè)開發(fā)與地理環(huán)境變遷是影響景觀變遷的重要方面,宋代以前江南地區(qū)的發(fā)展主要集中在低山丘陵,而經過農業(yè)技術和水利技術的變化,人們離開高地走向低地,并不斷地利用水面,從而促進了竹類在平原水網地區(qū)的分布和發(fā)展。并對古人對竹的分類認知方式作分析,認為古人對竹的分類有實用性的方面,也有文化分類。 第二章對不同空間、不同微地貌條件下的水竹景觀進行分析。由于文人與竹之密不可分的關系,使得文人成為竹林景觀最主要的塑造者。不僅體現在園林中,也體現在詩文中。從文人園林的建造等方面入手,討論與竹相關的生態(tài)景觀如何被塑造。宋代湖州水竹園林是本章討論的中心,進而理解當時的生態(tài)環(huán)境與社會。文人面對不同空間的環(huán)境,經過人工經營和管理,塑造出經典的江南水竹園林景觀。 第三章對江南地區(qū)竹類種植與生態(tài)進行研究。論文先梳理了古人對鞭根的形態(tài)和習性的認識,發(fā)現古人認識到竹鞭的特性主要在于延伸性和向肥性,并利用這種性質,通過連鞭移栽母竹的形式大量栽植竹林,從而改變了鄉(xiāng)村的面貌。在討論母竹移栽法和平原、山地種植技術之后,考察古人對竹類植物開花結實現象的認識和應對措施,從而揭示出古人針對這種情況所形成的施肥技術。 第四章首先討論了明清江南地區(qū)主要竹種以及竹筍的生產情況,進一步分析鄉(xiāng)土竹種分布與水土環(huán)境之間的關系、筍期與民眾生活民俗之間的關系。以毛竹筍為主的山筍和以哺雞竹為主的平原筍成為江南地區(qū)最普遍分布的筍品。 總之,本文通過對宋代以來江南地區(qū)以人—竹關系為中心進行的生態(tài)研究,揭示了不同人群在江南地區(qū)生態(tài)基底上塑造生態(tài)景觀的不同選擇和活動,總結了以竹類資源為中心的對自然的認識和管理能力,對于今天我們處理與生態(tài)環(huán)境的關系有借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:The interaction between man and nature is an important part of the study of environmental change. This paper attempts to use the relationship between man and bamboo. For the breakthrough point, to discuss the ecological and social problems. The relationship between man and bamboo and between man and nature is discussed by means of the feeling and attitude of the ancients to bamboo, scientific observation and cultivation and utilization of bamboo in the historical period. The first part of the paper is the introduction, the main part is divided into four chapters. The first chapter discusses the bamboo landscape in the south of the Yangtze River. Landscape change in the historical period is a process of continuous development, and the situation in the south of the Yangtze River has evolved from the past. Through the analysis of the present situation, the description of landscape situation in the early literature is understood. Before the Song Dynasty, the development of Jiangnan area mainly concentrated on the low mountains and hills, but after the change of agricultural technology and water conservancy technology, people left the high land to go to the lowland. The distribution and development of bamboo in plain water network area is promoted by using water surface continuously. The paper also analyzes the classification cognitive style of ancient bamboo, and thinks that the ancients have practical and cultural classification to bamboo classification. The second chapter analyzes the landscape of bamboo in different space and microgeomorphology. Because of the inseparable relationship between the literati and bamboo, the literati become the most important sculptor of bamboo landscape. Not only in the garden, but also in poetry. Starting with the construction of literati gardens, this paper discusses how the ecological landscape related to bamboo is molded. Huzhou Water and Bamboo Garden in Song Dynasty is the center of this chapter, and then understand the ecological environment and society at that time. The literati face different space environment, through artificial management and management, create the classic landscape of Jiangnan water bamboo garden. The third chapter studies bamboo planting and ecology in the south of the Yangtze River. The paper first combs the ancients' understanding of the form and habit of the whip root and finds that the ancients realized that the characteristics of the bamboo whip mainly lie in its extensibility and fatness, and use this property to plant a large number of bamboo forests by transplanting the mother bamboo with the continuous whip. Thus changing the face of the countryside. After discussing the transplanting method of mother bamboo and planting technique in plain and mountain area, the understanding and countermeasures of flowering and fruiting phenomenon of bamboo plant in ancients were investigated, thus revealing the fertilization techniques formed by the ancients in view of this situation. The fourth chapter discusses the main bamboo species and bamboo shoot production in the south of the Yangtze River in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and further analyzes the relationship between the distribution of native bamboo species and the soil and water environment, the relationship between the bamboo shoot period and the folk customs of people's life. Bamboo shoots mainly from Phyllostachys pubescens and plain bamboo shoots from feeding chicken are the most common bamboo shoots distributed in the south of the Yangtze River. In a word, through the ecological research on the human-bamboo relationship in the south of the Yangtze River since the Song Dynasty, this paper reveals the different choices and activities of different people in shaping the ecological landscape on the ecological base of the south of the Yangtze River. This paper summarizes the natural cognition and management ability centered on bamboo resources, which is useful for us to deal with the relationship between bamboo resources and ecological environment.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：S795-09;K244

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本文編號：1956772