本文選題：北宋 + 宦官��；參考：《廣西師范大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 宦官是我國古代在宮廷侍奉君主及其家族的官員,在帝王專制政體下,這一特殊的社會階層極易越出其本職范圍,參預(yù)封建國家的政治、經(jīng)濟和軍事活動。北宋是防范宦官專權(quán)較為成功的朝代,在北宋沒有出現(xiàn)嚴重的宦官專權(quán)現(xiàn)象。但這并不意味著宦官在政治舞臺上銷聲匿跡,相反,北宋宦官廣泛地活躍于社會軍事、政治經(jīng)濟等各個領(lǐng)域。軍事方面,從出使到監(jiān)軍再到出任統(tǒng)帥,宦官在北宋歷朝都有不同表現(xiàn),并呈現(xiàn)出各自不同的特點。不少宦官在維護中央集權(quán),捍衛(wèi)邊疆等方面,作出了積極地貢獻。然而宦官監(jiān)軍統(tǒng)兵所造成的弊端,也是不可勝言。政治方面,參預(yù)了宮廷和官僚之間的紛爭、探查臣民、干預(yù)司法、干涉察舉用人及出使等活動。經(jīng)濟方面,他們在幫助皇帝管理私人府庫、監(jiān)管各類經(jīng)濟事務(wù)、參與對外貿(mào)易活動、負責營建各類工程的過程中都發(fā)揮了重要的作用。 北宋宦官在君臣嚴加防范的情況下,仍能廣泛的干預(yù)政事,主要是憑籍北宋君主對文臣武將的猜忌;猜忌之主、剛明之君、昏庸之主在位;太后垂簾聽政;加之其本身的素養(yǎng)。 北宋宦官廣泛的干預(yù)政治、經(jīng)濟、軍事,勢必與君主和朝臣發(fā)生千絲萬縷的聯(lián)系。一方面皇帝在特殊時期對他們的預(yù)政采取利用態(tài)度,同時,一些官僚士大夫與宦官的相互勾結(jié),也對其勢力膨脹起了一定的推動作用。另一方面,由于皇帝對宦官的防范,以及朝臣對宦官的抵制,使其雖然雖然廣泛干預(yù)政事,卻始終未能如東漢末年和唐朝末年一樣專權(quán)擅政。
[Abstract]:The ancient Chinese officials at court serving the Lord and his family, in the imperial autocracy, a special social stratum easily beyond their scope, in the feudal state political, economic and military activities. The Northern Song Dynasty is to prevent the eunuch successful dynasties in the Northern Song Dynasty eunuch did not appear serious phenomenon. But this does not mean that the eunuch in the political arena disappeared, on the contrary, the Northern Song Dynasty eunuch widely active in the society of military, political and economic fields. From the military, to be sent to the prison commander, the eunuch have different performance in the in the Northern Song Dynasty, and showed different features. A lot of eunuch in the centralized maintenance defend, frontier, has made a positive contribution. However, drawbacks caused by the eunuch in charge of military forces and political participation. Inexpressible, between the court and the bureaucratic disputes, Exploration of subjects of judicial intervention, so interference using people and mission activities. They help the emperor in the economy, management and supervision of various types of private treasures, economic affairs, participate in foreign trade activities, responsible for the process of construction projects have played an important role in.
In the Northern Song Dynasty eunuch to guard against the case, can still widely intervene in political affairs, mainly by virtue of the Northern Song Dynasty monarch fumiomi generals suspicion; suspicion of the Lord, just the king, Lord of the reign of Empress Dowager fatuous; behind the screen; together with its own quality.
Political intervention, the Northern Song Dynasty eunuch extensive economic, military, is bound to have close relationship with the monarch and courtiers. On the one hand, the emperor to take advantage of their political attitude, pre in the special period, some collusion between bureaucrats and eunuch, the expansion forces played a certain role. On the other hand, because the emperor of the eunuch's guard, and resist the courtiers of eunuch, which although widely intervene in political affairs, but always failed to such as the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty as monopolize the power.

【學位授予單位】：廣西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K244

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