本文關(guān)鍵詞：北朝佛教釋游略論　出處：《浙江工商大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 北朝佛教 釋游 佛教石窟 僧人 洛城 佛寺飲食

【摘要】：南北朝時代是中國戰(zhàn)亂頻發(fā)、分裂割據(jù)的時代,同時也是思想自由、文化碰撞、多元一體的時代。佛教于此之際,大行其道,為中華文化注入了新鮮的血液。佛教文化的影響上至帝王將相,下至黎明百姓不所不及,對當(dāng)時的天文、地理、氣象歷法、醫(yī)學(xué)、生死觀念都產(chǎn)生了重大影響,其中值得一提的是佛教對北朝旅游者的旅游活動產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)影響。直至今天,我們所能見到的莫高窟、西千佛洞、榆林窟、文殊山石窟、馬蹄寺石窟、炳靈寺石窟、義縣萬佛堂、云崗石窟、龍門石窟、鞏縣石窟、天龍山石窟、南北響堂山石窟、麥積山石窟、棲霞山石窟就是活生生的文化產(chǎn)物。 在北朝佛教釋游的進(jìn)程中,魏世諸王起了至關(guān)重要的作用。因魏之先世起于北國,與西域殊絕,莫能往來,故而浮屠之教,從未有聞,直至入主中國。在統(tǒng)治過程中,佛教所宣揚(yáng)的隱忍的處世方式、清淡的生活方式、相對簡單的持戒方式,符合了統(tǒng)治者的胃口,因而也得到了高層人士的推崇。北魏文成以后,獻(xiàn)文、孝文都崇信佛教。帝王的寵幸,士人的推崇,加之北國戰(zhàn)亂頻發(fā),政權(quán)更迭,深處亂世的黎明百姓,急需一宗教信仰來調(diào)節(jié)自己的內(nèi)心世界。這樣一來就開山鑿石,建塑立像也就不難理解了。正是北朝佛教的這種重視實(shí)踐、講究福田,才形成了別具一格的北朝佛教的釋游文化。 可以毫不夸張的說當(dāng)時西來東去的高僧大德不計其數(shù),其中有奉魏世太后皇帝之命的、也有自發(fā)西去的,他們中絕大多數(shù)者是為弘揚(yáng)佛法而不遠(yuǎn)萬里的游走中西交通之間。同時在處在社會下層的民間地頭,還有很多默默無聞的游化僧行走其間。從那連提黎耶舍到閣那崛多,隨著政權(quán)的更迭,佛教隆興也在北朝中西地區(qū)之間不斷變化。有學(xué)者利用實(shí)證證明北齊的佛教文化遠(yuǎn)勝北周佛教。 從社會發(fā)展角度審視,北朝時期正是佛教釋游文化的影響下,無論是從都城洛陽的建筑布局,到絲綢之路上的旅行使者,還是上至北朝士人貴族下至黎明百姓的飲食結(jié)構(gòu)都具有劃時代的深刻變化。
[Abstract]:The Southern and Northern dynasties was a time of frequent war and fragmentation in China, as well as a time of freedom of thought, cultural collision and pluralism. The influence of Buddhist culture was from the emperor to the general, and down to the dawn, which had a great influence on astronomy, geography, meteorological calendar, medicine, and the concept of life and death. It is worth mentioning that Buddhism had a profound impact on the tourist activities of the Northern Dynasty. Until today, we can see the Mogao Grottoes, the West Qianfo Cave, the Yulin Grottoes, the Manjushan Grottoes, and the Mateu Temple Grottoes. Bingling Temple Grottoes, Yixian Wanfatang, Yungang Grottoes, Longmen Grottoes, Gongxian Grottoes, Tianlongshan Grottoes, North and South Xiangtang Grottoes, Maijishan Grottoes, Qixia Mountain Grottoes are living cultural products. In the process of Buddhism interpretation in the Northern Dynasty, the kings of the Wei Dynasty played a vital role. In the process of ruling, Buddhism preached a way of living with patience, a light way of life, and a relatively simple way of holding precepts, which was in line with the taste of the rulers. Therefore also got the high level personage's esteem. After the Northern Wei Dynasty Wen Cheng, presents the article, the filial piety Wen all worships the Buddhism. The emperor's favor, the scholar's esteem, in addition to the north country war frequent occurrence, the regime change, the deep disorderly times dawn common people. A religious belief is urgently needed to regulate their inner world. In this way, it is not difficult to understand how to build a stone and build a statue. It is the practice of Buddhism in the Northern Dynasty that pays attention to Futian. It was only then that the Buddhism of the Northern Dynasty formed a unique culture of Buddhism. It is no exaggeration to say that at that time, there were countless senior monks from the west to the east, some of whom were ordered by the emperor of the Wei dynasty, and some went to the west spontaneously. Most of them traveled thousands of miles between China and the West to promote the Dharma. At the same time, they were in the lower level of the society in the folk land. And there were many unknown wandering monks in the midst of the journey, from Narentiesher to the pavilion, with the change of power. Buddhism Longxing is also changing between the western and western areas of the Northern Dynasty. Some scholars have proved that the Buddhist culture of the Northern Qi Dynasty is far better than that of the Northern Zhou Buddhism. From the point of view of social development, the Northern Dynasty period is under the influence of Buddhism Shiyou culture, whether from the architectural layout of the capital Luoyang, to the travel emissary on the Silk Road. Or from the Northern Dynasty aristocrats to the dawn of the people's diet has epoch-making profound changes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：B949;K239.2

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本文編號：1359288