發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-30 00:25

  本文選題：寧鄉(xiāng)城 + 變遷��； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：寧鄉(xiāng)縣位于湘中偏東北,隸屬于長沙市。在漫長的歷史長河中,寧鄉(xiāng)城曲折地發(fā)展,積累了深厚的文化底蘊(yùn)。本文試圖從歷史地理學(xué)的角度,通過梳理寧鄉(xiāng)城的變遷過程,總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),以期為寧鄉(xiāng)城的發(fā)展提供借鑒和參考。這個(gè)地區(qū)三國時(shí)期曾置新陽縣,隋唐時(shí)期被省并,北宋初年設(shè)置寧鄉(xiāng)縣,至今已有一千多年的歷史。在漫長的歲月里,大量外來人口遷入寧鄉(xiāng)縣,對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)仫L(fēng)俗習(xí)慣的形成產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。寧鄉(xiāng)縣山地丘陵較多,水源充足,氣候溫暖,土壤質(zhì)量一般。玉潭鎮(zhèn)是全縣的政治中心,交通便利,經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況相對(duì)較好。寧鄉(xiāng)縣境內(nèi)最早的城址是位于西部的黃材鎮(zhèn)炭河里,早已毀壞。三國時(shí)期設(shè)置新陽縣時(shí),城址位于橫市鎮(zhèn)。西晉時(shí)期,城址東遷,具體地點(diǎn)不詳。北宋設(shè)置寧鄉(xiāng)縣時(shí),城址選在玉潭鎮(zhèn),此后再無變動(dòng)。在寧鄉(xiāng)縣千余年的歷史中,縣城基本上沒有城墻。明崇禎年間(1627—1644),曾壘石作為城墻,不久便毀壞。清代縣人也有過修筑城墻的提議,但最終未能動(dòng)工�？h城基本上以木柵作為城墻,城門均有石筑城關(guān),以為防御。隨著城市的發(fā)展,城內(nèi)建筑種類和數(shù)量也逐漸增加。清代寧鄉(xiāng)城形成了以縣署為中心,書院、寺觀、店鋪等為補(bǔ)充的城市平面格局。寧鄉(xiāng)城的人口數(shù)量隨著政治局勢(shì)的變化而有所起伏,但總體上是逐步增加的。據(jù)筆者推算,明洪武二十四年(1391),寧鄉(xiāng)城人口數(shù)為1490;萬歷四十二年(1614),寧鄉(xiāng)城人口數(shù)為9996,人口年平均增長率大約為8.6‰。清乾隆四十一年(1776),寧鄉(xiāng)城人口數(shù)大約為10774。民國十九年(1930),寧鄉(xiāng)城人口數(shù)為17208。從1776年到1930年,縣城人口年平均增長率在3‰左右。寧鄉(xiāng)縣經(jīng)濟(jì)以農(nóng)業(yè)為主,水稻種植是全縣最重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)部門。在很長一段時(shí)間里,寧鄉(xiāng)縣每年輸出的米谷約占全省的十分之一。雜糧、經(jīng)濟(jì)作物種植也是全縣種植業(yè)的重要組成部分。紅薯、豆類在全縣廣為種植。溈山茶是全縣上好的茶葉,遠(yuǎn)銷西北地區(qū),受到官僚貴族的青睞。寧鄉(xiāng)豬的飼養(yǎng)則是該縣畜牧業(yè)的重要部分。寧鄉(xiāng)城的經(jīng)濟(jì)也有所發(fā)展。同治年間(1862—1874),縣城有商店300余家,基本上能夠滿足居民的基本生活需求,但是商業(yè)的整體水平仍然較低。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,寧鄉(xiāng)縣的教育事業(yè)也取得了一定的進(jìn)步。明清時(shí)期寧鄉(xiāng)縣的科舉成就遠(yuǎn)勝于宋元時(shí)期,縣學(xué)、書院等教育機(jī)構(gòu)也從無到有、由少到多,為寧鄉(xiāng)縣的教育發(fā)展作出了貢獻(xiàn)。寧鄉(xiāng)縣作為佛教溈仰宗的發(fā)源地,佛教得到了很大的發(fā)展,溈山密印寺是全縣最重要的寺院。道教、基督教、天主教在寧鄉(xiāng)的傳播,與佛教相比有不小的差距。民國時(shí)期,邪教組織同善社也曾在寧鄉(xiāng)縣存在。在漫長的歷史長河中,寧鄉(xiāng)縣也涌現(xiàn)了許多歷史文化名人,他們對(duì)寧鄉(xiāng)城的發(fā)展也產(chǎn)生過一定的影響。新中國成立以后,寧鄉(xiāng)城得到了很大的發(fā)展。改革開放以來,寧鄉(xiāng)城發(fā)展尤為迅速。2014年,城區(qū)面積達(dá)40平方公里,是建國前的20余倍。但是,由于城市整體規(guī)劃時(shí)間較晚,導(dǎo)致城市歷史文化遺跡遭到破壞。全縣的自然災(zāi)害逐漸增多,對(duì)縣城的發(fā)展也極為不利。在這種情況之下,我們必須解決好城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中出現(xiàn)的突出問題,將寧鄉(xiāng)城的建設(shè)與保護(hù)協(xié)調(diào)起來,科學(xué)開發(fā)境內(nèi)的旅游資源,使寧鄉(xiāng)城又好又快地發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Ningxiang county is located in the northeast of Hunan Province, which belongs to the Changsha city. In the long history, Ningxiang city has developed zigzag and accumulated deep cultural background. This article tries to sum up the experience and lessons from the historical geography point of view, in order to provide reference and reference for the development of Ningxiang city. During the period of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Xinyang County was set up in Xinyang County and Ningxiang county was set up in the first year of the Northern Song Dynasty. It has been one thousand years old. In the long years, a large number of foreign people moved into Ningxiang County, which had a profound influence on the formation of local customs and habits. There are many mountains and hills in Ningxiang County, the water is abundant, the climate is warm, and the soil quality is general. Yu Tan town is general. It is the political center of the whole county, the traffic is convenient and the economic condition is relatively good. The earliest city site in Ningxiang county is in the western yellow wood Town, the charcoal River, which has long been destroyed. When the new Yang county was set up in the Three Kingdoms period, the city site was located in the city of transverse city. In the Western Jin period, the city site moved eastward and the specific location was unknown. When the northern song was set up in Ningxiang County, the city site was selected in Yutan Town, after then, the city site was selected and then then again No change. In the history of more than a thousand years of Ningxiang County, the county town has basically no walls. Ming Chong Zhen years (1627 - 1644), Zeng Shi Shi as a city wall, soon destroyed. The Qing Dynasty county people also had the proposal to build the city wall, but eventually failed to work. The county city was basically a wooden fence as a wall, the gate had stone construction, thought defense. Along with the city's hair. The type and number of buildings in the city have gradually increased. The city of Ningxiang in the Qing Dynasty formed a urban pattern with the center of the County Department, the Academy, the temple, the shop and so on. The population of Ningxiang City fluctuated with the change of the political situation, but in general, it was gradually increased. According to the author, Ming Hongwu was twenty-four years (1391) and Ningxiang city people. The number of mouth is 1490, the number of Ningxiang city population is 9996, the population of Ningxiang city is 9996, the average annual growth rate of the population is about 8.6 per thousand. The number of Ningxiang city population is about 10774. and nineteen years (1930), and the population of Ningxiang city is 17208. from 1776 to 1930. The average annual growth rate of the county city population is around 3 per thousand. The economy of Ningxiang county is on the basis of the economy of Ningxiang county. Agricultural mainly, rice planting is the most important economic sector in the whole county. In a long period of time, the rice grain output in Ningxiang County accounts for about 1/10 of the whole province. The crops are also an important part of the county's planting industry. Ningxiang pig breeding is an important part of the animal husbandry in the county. The economy of Ningxiang city is also developing. In the period of tongzhi (1862 - 1874), there are more than 300 stores in the county city, which can basically meet the basic needs of the residents, but the overall level of business is still low. With the development of the economy, the education in Ningxiang County In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the achievements of Ningxiang County in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were far better than the song and Yuan Dynasties, and the counties and academies and other educational institutions were also from nowhere, and from less to more, contributing to the development of education in Ningxiang county. As the birthplace of Buddhism, Ningxiang county was the birthplace of Buddhism, and the Buddhist temple was the most important in the county. The spread of the monasteries, Taoism, Christianity and Catholicism in Ningxiang has no small gap compared with Buddhism. In the period of the Republic of China, the cult organizations and the good society also existed in Ningxiang county. In the long historical river, many historical and cultural celebrities emerged in Ningxiang county. They also had a certain influence on the development of Ningxiang city. After the founding of new China, The city of Ningxiang has been greatly developed. Since the reform and opening up, the development of Ningxiang city has been particularly rapid in.2014 years. The area of the city is 40 square kilometers, which is more than 20 times before the founding of the people's Republic. However, the city's historical and cultural relics have been destroyed because of the late planning of the whole city. The natural disasters in the county are increasing gradually and the development of the county is also extremely unfavorable. In this case, we must solve the outstanding problems in the process of urbanization, coordinate the construction and protection of Ningxiang City, and develop the tourist resources in China in a scientific way, and make the Ningxiang city develop well and quickly.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K29

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本文編號(hào)：1822246