1950年代中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-07-02 19:39
【摘要】：1950年代,剛剛成立的新中國(guó)為改變落后的經(jīng)濟(jì)面貌,在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)發(fā)起了學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)的運(yùn)動(dòng),這一運(yùn)動(dòng)持續(xù)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng),從建國(guó)開始直到50年代末,波及的范圍廣泛,涉及到經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、軍事、文化教育等領(lǐng)域。1950年代新中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)的運(yùn)動(dòng),是中蘇關(guān)系史上的一件大事,對(duì)新中國(guó)的建設(shè)和發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。本文主要側(cè)重于研究對(duì)蘇聯(lián)農(nóng)業(yè)先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的學(xué)習(xí),闡述新中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)農(nóng)業(yè)先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的原因、介紹蘇聯(lián)的先進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)及通過學(xué)習(xí)我們?nèi)绾胃玫陌堰@些先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)運(yùn)用到我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科技、生產(chǎn)、管理、教育、水利等實(shí)際工作中去等幾個(gè)方面。 第一部分闡述了新中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)農(nóng)業(yè)先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的原因。新中國(guó)成立前由于多年的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力遭到很大破壞,農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展緩慢,不適應(yīng)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的需要,蘇聯(lián)農(nóng)業(yè)上取得的偉大成就,同時(shí)國(guó)際上的兩大陣營(yíng)的對(duì)峙,如何鞏固新生的人民政權(quán),這些因素促使我國(guó)走上了學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)先進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的道路。為了盡快的恢復(fù)和發(fā)展國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì),中國(guó)政府一方面多次派出農(nóng)業(yè)代表團(tuán)去蘇聯(lián)考察,另一方面聘請(qǐng)大量的蘇聯(lián)專家來華指導(dǎo),從而推動(dòng)了中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的進(jìn)程。 第二部分介紹了為了進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn),國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人號(hào)召向蘇聯(lián)學(xué)習(xí),社會(huì)主流媒體通過報(bào)刊文章進(jìn)行了大量的宣傳。這對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的開展起了很大作用。 第三部分介紹了蘇聯(lián)先進(jìn)的農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)技術(shù)。沙俄時(shí)代,其經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技開始發(fā)展起來,十月革命后,蘇聯(lián)政府更加重視農(nóng)業(yè)科技的發(fā)展,在基礎(chǔ)研究方面取得了多項(xiàng)有世界水平的科研成果,建立了完善發(fā)達(dá)的農(nóng)業(yè)科研教育體系。 第四部分探討了新中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)農(nóng)業(yè)先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的情況。在學(xué)習(xí)過程中并不是完全照抄照搬蘇聯(lián)的經(jīng)驗(yàn),而是結(jié)合本國(guó)的國(guó)情靈活運(yùn)用,在諸多方面突破蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的束縛,并有所創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展。 第五部分是對(duì)新中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)先進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的評(píng)價(jià)。對(duì)于如何看待1950年代新中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)農(nóng)業(yè)先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的運(yùn)動(dòng),由于人們觀察的角度不同,會(huì)產(chǎn)生不同的看法。新中國(guó)的成立是近現(xiàn)代史上的一件大事,為中華民族的發(fā)展打下了基礎(chǔ),可是它建立在一個(gè)非常落后的生產(chǎn)力基礎(chǔ)之上的政權(quán),為了鞏固自己的國(guó)家政權(quán),快速發(fā)展本國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì),發(fā)起學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。這一運(yùn)動(dòng)的開展,為新中國(guó)各項(xiàng)事業(yè)的發(fā)展培養(yǎng)了大批有用的人才,有力地促進(jìn)了我國(guó)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)事業(yè)的進(jìn)程。 在學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)過程中難免會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些問題,因?yàn)樘K聯(lián)建設(shè)社會(huì)主義的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是根據(jù)本國(guó)的實(shí)際情況總結(jié)出來的,不一定完全適合中國(guó)的實(shí)際情況,在開始學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的過程中,這一問題還沒有明顯表現(xiàn)出來,隨著學(xué)習(xí)的深入,我們漸漸的認(rèn)識(shí)到了這一問題,于是開始從盲目照抄照搬蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)驗(yàn)轉(zhuǎn)而認(rèn)識(shí)到要結(jié)合本國(guó)的實(shí)際情況,有借鑒的學(xué)習(xí),并在學(xué)習(xí)的過程中注意消化和吸收,轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實(shí)的生產(chǎn)力為我國(guó)社會(huì)主義建設(shè)服務(wù)。 因此,通過總結(jié)1950年代中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)上學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的歷史,使我們認(rèn)識(shí)到,在學(xué)習(xí)他國(guó)先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的時(shí)候,必須從本國(guó)的實(shí)際情況出發(fā),在學(xué)習(xí)的過程中要注意消化和吸收,不能盲目的一切照抄照搬,要把別國(guó)的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)轉(zhuǎn)化為本國(guó)的實(shí)際生產(chǎn)力,在學(xué)習(xí)中進(jìn)行不斷的創(chuàng)新,創(chuàng)建適合本國(guó)實(shí)際的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式。
[Abstract]:In the 1950s, the new China, which had just been set up, has initiated the study of the movement of the Soviet Union in the whole country to change the backward economy, which has a long duration, and from the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic to the end of the 1950s, the spread of the wave has been wide, involving economic, political and military. The new Chinese study of the Soviet Union in the 1950s was a major event in the history of Sino-Soviet relations and had a far-reaching impact on the construction and development of the new China. This paper mainly focuses on the study of the advanced experience of the Soviet agriculture, expounds the reason of the advanced agricultural advanced experience of the new Chinese Soviet Union, introduces the advanced agricultural production experience of the Soviet Union and how to use these advanced experiences to our country's agricultural science and technology, production and management. There are several aspects such as education, water conservancy and other practical work. The first part expounds the new China's advanced experience in the study of the Soviet agriculture For many years, the agricultural productivity of the new China has been greatly destroyed, the development of the agricultural economy is slow, the need of the national economic construction is not met, the great achievements of the Soviet agriculture, and the confrontation between the two camps in the world, and how to consolidate the new people These factors have led to the development of our country's advanced agricultural experience in the Soviet Union In order to restore and develop the national economy as soon as possible, the Chinese Government has sent a number of agricultural delegations to the Soviet Union on the one hand and, on the other hand, engaged a large number of Soviet experts to guide China, thus promoting the modernization of China's agriculture. The second part of the process is to further study the agricultural experience of the Soviet Union, and the leaders of the state have called for the study of the Soviet Union and the mainstream media in the society have been carried out through the press articles A lot of publicity. It's about the movement. It's a big part. The third part introduces the Soviet Union. After the October Revolution, the Soviet Union paid more attention to the development of agricultural science and technology, and has made a number of scientific and technological achievements in the world, and established a well-developed and developed scientific and technological achievements. The fourth part of the study on the education system of agricultural scientific research In the course of the study, the experience of the Soviet agriculture is not completely copied, but the experience of the Soviet Union is used flexibly in the course of learning, and the experience of the Soviet Union is broken through many aspects. The fifth part is for the new The evaluation of the advanced agricultural experience of the Soviet Union in the state of the Soviet Union. The establishment of the new China is a great event in the history of modern history, laying the foundation for the development of the Chinese nation, but it has set up a regime based on a very backward productivity, and in order to consolidate its national power, the rapid development of the country The country's economy, which initiated the study of the movement of the Soviet Union, carried out a campaign to train a large number of useful talents for the development of the new China's undertakings and to promote the development of our country. The process of the construction of socialist modernization. There are some problems in the course of studying the experience of the Soviet agriculture, because the experience of the Soviet-building socialism is summarized according to the actual situation of the country, and it is not necessarily fully suitable for China On the other hand, in the course of learning the experience of the Soviet Union, this problem has not been clearly shown, and as the learning goes deep, we gradually realize this problem, so we begin to learn from the blindly copying the Soviet experience to realize that it is to be combined with the actual situation of the country and learn from it. In the course of learning, learn to digest and absorb and transform into The real productive force is our country's socialist construction service. Therefore, by summing up the history of studying the advanced experience of the Soviet Union in the 1950s, we realize that, in the course of studying the advanced experience of other countries, it is necessary to set out from the actual situation of the country, and in the course of learning In order to take care of digestion and absorption, we should not blindly copy and copy, to convert the advanced experience of other countries into the actual productive forces of the country, and to do not in the study
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：S-09;K27
本文編號(hào)：2509175
[Abstract]:In the 1950s, the new China, which had just been set up, has initiated the study of the movement of the Soviet Union in the whole country to change the backward economy, which has a long duration, and from the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic to the end of the 1950s, the spread of the wave has been wide, involving economic, political and military. The new Chinese study of the Soviet Union in the 1950s was a major event in the history of Sino-Soviet relations and had a far-reaching impact on the construction and development of the new China. This paper mainly focuses on the study of the advanced experience of the Soviet agriculture, expounds the reason of the advanced agricultural advanced experience of the new Chinese Soviet Union, introduces the advanced agricultural production experience of the Soviet Union and how to use these advanced experiences to our country's agricultural science and technology, production and management. There are several aspects such as education, water conservancy and other practical work. The first part expounds the new China's advanced experience in the study of the Soviet agriculture For many years, the agricultural productivity of the new China has been greatly destroyed, the development of the agricultural economy is slow, the need of the national economic construction is not met, the great achievements of the Soviet agriculture, and the confrontation between the two camps in the world, and how to consolidate the new people These factors have led to the development of our country's advanced agricultural experience in the Soviet Union In order to restore and develop the national economy as soon as possible, the Chinese Government has sent a number of agricultural delegations to the Soviet Union on the one hand and, on the other hand, engaged a large number of Soviet experts to guide China, thus promoting the modernization of China's agriculture. The second part of the process is to further study the agricultural experience of the Soviet Union, and the leaders of the state have called for the study of the Soviet Union and the mainstream media in the society have been carried out through the press articles A lot of publicity. It's about the movement. It's a big part. The third part introduces the Soviet Union. After the October Revolution, the Soviet Union paid more attention to the development of agricultural science and technology, and has made a number of scientific and technological achievements in the world, and established a well-developed and developed scientific and technological achievements. The fourth part of the study on the education system of agricultural scientific research In the course of the study, the experience of the Soviet agriculture is not completely copied, but the experience of the Soviet Union is used flexibly in the course of learning, and the experience of the Soviet Union is broken through many aspects. The fifth part is for the new The evaluation of the advanced agricultural experience of the Soviet Union in the state of the Soviet Union. The establishment of the new China is a great event in the history of modern history, laying the foundation for the development of the Chinese nation, but it has set up a regime based on a very backward productivity, and in order to consolidate its national power, the rapid development of the country The country's economy, which initiated the study of the movement of the Soviet Union, carried out a campaign to train a large number of useful talents for the development of the new China's undertakings and to promote the development of our country. The process of the construction of socialist modernization. There are some problems in the course of studying the experience of the Soviet agriculture, because the experience of the Soviet-building socialism is summarized according to the actual situation of the country, and it is not necessarily fully suitable for China On the other hand, in the course of learning the experience of the Soviet Union, this problem has not been clearly shown, and as the learning goes deep, we gradually realize this problem, so we begin to learn from the blindly copying the Soviet experience to realize that it is to be combined with the actual situation of the country and learn from it. In the course of learning, learn to digest and absorb and transform into The real productive force is our country's socialist construction service. Therefore, by summing up the history of studying the advanced experience of the Soviet Union in the 1950s, we realize that, in the course of studying the advanced experience of other countries, it is necessary to set out from the actual situation of the country, and in the course of learning In order to take care of digestion and absorption, we should not blindly copy and copy, to convert the advanced experience of other countries into the actual productive forces of the country, and to do not in the study
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：S-09;K27
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