民國時期政府對成都報業(yè)的管理（1935-1945）
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-26 14:15
【摘要】：四川僻處西南內(nèi)陸,交通遲滯,風(fēng)化不開,經(jīng)濟相對其它沿海地區(qū)較為落后,也正是由于這些原因,成都的報業(yè)直到辛亥革命時期,才迎來第一個“高潮”,相較東部沿海地區(qū),報業(yè)發(fā)展較晚,五四運動迎來了第二個發(fā)展“高潮”,內(nèi)容也以最初的消閑娛樂等逐步向時政和思想文化方面轉(zhuǎn)變,在抗戰(zhàn)期間更為明顯,不少報紙內(nèi)遷成都,全國文化名人薈萃,報紙和文藝活動空前繁榮。在抗日戰(zhàn)爭中,四川為抗戰(zhàn)的勝利做出了巨大的貢獻,成都報業(yè)對民眾的宣傳與鼓舞功不可沒。本文概括地敘述了1898—1945年成都報業(yè)的生存環(huán)境、辦報條件、辦報經(jīng)費、辦報時間、內(nèi)容變化以及報紙的政治背景等,并列舉了各時期較為重要的報紙。同時較為詳細地介紹了抗戰(zhàn)前政府對成都報業(yè)的管理,其主要包括報紙內(nèi)容的審查、頒布相關(guān)法律等。著重介紹了抗戰(zhàn)時期政府對成都民營報業(yè)、官辦報業(yè)和中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的報紙的管理。政府對民營報業(yè)的管理方式主要有管理輿論和管理辦報人員兩項,其中加強輿論管理是各時期管理者強調(diào)的重點,后來把對辦報人員的管理也納入輿論管理中;管理辦法主要有定行法令、登記發(fā)證和審查稿件三項。此外,四川省政府專門成立了四川政聞編審委員會和四川省秘書處政聞編譯室來管理官辦報業(yè),定期發(fā)行《四川省政府公報》,向民眾展示政府的工作、資金預(yù)算等,便于民眾及時了解政府動態(tài)。管理中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的報紙,除了制定法令、登記發(fā)證和審查稿件三項,對于言論激進的報社,還會查封報社或處罰、逮捕報社人員。最后,筆者運用現(xiàn)代新聞傳播理論,從新聞管理的對象、原則、方法和意義四個方面,對抗戰(zhàn)時期政府通過對媒體的管理,引導(dǎo)社會輿論、實施社會控制和維護政府形象的歷史事實進行了分析�？v觀政府對報社管理,有許多經(jīng)驗值得汲取,最重要的是正確引導(dǎo)輿論,把握輿論導(dǎo)向,掌握輿論工作的主動權(quán),重視對社會熱點問題、民生問題的報道。在抗日戰(zhàn)爭這個特殊的年代,政府引導(dǎo)下的新聞媒體的社會守望功能較弱,媒體更多的是被作為宣傳工具,而政府沒有和媒體建立起監(jiān)管與被監(jiān)管的關(guān)系,未能利用報社對社會輿論的影響,與民眾建立良好的關(guān)系,贏得民眾的支持與信任,同時國民黨的獨裁統(tǒng)治還嚴重打壓了進步勢力的輿論宣傳工作。
[Abstract]:Because of these reasons, Chengdu's newspaper industry did not usher in its first "climax" until the Revolution of 1911. Compared with the eastern coastal areas, the newspaper industry developed later, the May 4th Movement ushered in the second "climax", and the content gradually changed to the current politics and ideology and culture with the initial leisure and entertainment. During the War of Resistance against Japan, many newspapers moved to Chengdu, a gathering of national cultural celebrities, and unprecedented prosperity of newspapers and literary and artistic activities. In the War of Resistance against Japan, Sichuan made great contributions to the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, and Chengdu newspaper industry contributed to the propaganda and encouragement of the people. This paper briefly describes the living environment, conditions, funds, time, content change and political background of Chengdu newspaper industry from 1898 to 1945, and enumerates the more important newspapers in each period. At the same time, this paper introduces in detail the government's management of Chengdu newspaper industry before the War of Resistance against Japan, which mainly includes the examination of newspaper content, the promulgation of relevant laws and so on. This paper mainly introduces the government's management of Chengdu private newspaper industry, official newspaper industry and newspapers under the leadership of the Communist Party of China during the War of Resistance against Japan. There are two main management methods of the government to the private newspaper industry: the management of public opinion and the management of newspaper operators, among which strengthening the management of public opinion is the key point emphasized by the managers in each period, and later the management of the newspaper operators is also brought into the management of public opinion. In addition, the Sichuan provincial government has specially set up the Sichuan political News Editing and Review Committee and the Sichuan Secretariat political News compilation Office to manage the official newspaper industry, issue the Sichuan Provincial official Bulletin regularly, show the public the work of the government, funds and budgets, and so on, so that the public can keep abreast of the government's developments. In managing newspapers under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, in addition to making decrees, registering certificates and examining manuscripts, newspapers with radical statements will also be closed up or punished, and newspaper personnel will be arrested. Finally, based on the theory of modern news communication, the author analyzes the historical facts of the government through the management of the media, guiding public opinion, implementing social control and maintaining the image of the government during the War of Resistance against Japan from four aspects: the object, principle, method and significance of news management. Throughout the government's management of newspapers, there are many experiences worth learning from. The most important thing is to correctly guide public opinion, grasp the orientation of public opinion, master the initiative of public opinion work, and attach importance to reporting on hot social issues and people's livelihood issues. In the special era of the War of Resistance against Japan, the social watch function of the news media guided by the government was relatively weak, and the media was more used as a propaganda tool, but the government did not establish a relationship between supervision and supervision with the media, failed to make use of the influence of newspapers on public opinion, established good relations with the people, and won the support and trust of the people. At the same time, the dictatorship of the Kuomintang also seriously suppressed the propaganda work of the progressive forces.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G219.29;K26
本文編號：2506245
[Abstract]:Because of these reasons, Chengdu's newspaper industry did not usher in its first "climax" until the Revolution of 1911. Compared with the eastern coastal areas, the newspaper industry developed later, the May 4th Movement ushered in the second "climax", and the content gradually changed to the current politics and ideology and culture with the initial leisure and entertainment. During the War of Resistance against Japan, many newspapers moved to Chengdu, a gathering of national cultural celebrities, and unprecedented prosperity of newspapers and literary and artistic activities. In the War of Resistance against Japan, Sichuan made great contributions to the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, and Chengdu newspaper industry contributed to the propaganda and encouragement of the people. This paper briefly describes the living environment, conditions, funds, time, content change and political background of Chengdu newspaper industry from 1898 to 1945, and enumerates the more important newspapers in each period. At the same time, this paper introduces in detail the government's management of Chengdu newspaper industry before the War of Resistance against Japan, which mainly includes the examination of newspaper content, the promulgation of relevant laws and so on. This paper mainly introduces the government's management of Chengdu private newspaper industry, official newspaper industry and newspapers under the leadership of the Communist Party of China during the War of Resistance against Japan. There are two main management methods of the government to the private newspaper industry: the management of public opinion and the management of newspaper operators, among which strengthening the management of public opinion is the key point emphasized by the managers in each period, and later the management of the newspaper operators is also brought into the management of public opinion. In addition, the Sichuan provincial government has specially set up the Sichuan political News Editing and Review Committee and the Sichuan Secretariat political News compilation Office to manage the official newspaper industry, issue the Sichuan Provincial official Bulletin regularly, show the public the work of the government, funds and budgets, and so on, so that the public can keep abreast of the government's developments. In managing newspapers under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, in addition to making decrees, registering certificates and examining manuscripts, newspapers with radical statements will also be closed up or punished, and newspaper personnel will be arrested. Finally, based on the theory of modern news communication, the author analyzes the historical facts of the government through the management of the media, guiding public opinion, implementing social control and maintaining the image of the government during the War of Resistance against Japan from four aspects: the object, principle, method and significance of news management. Throughout the government's management of newspapers, there are many experiences worth learning from. The most important thing is to correctly guide public opinion, grasp the orientation of public opinion, master the initiative of public opinion work, and attach importance to reporting on hot social issues and people's livelihood issues. In the special era of the War of Resistance against Japan, the social watch function of the news media guided by the government was relatively weak, and the media was more used as a propaganda tool, but the government did not establish a relationship between supervision and supervision with the media, failed to make use of the influence of newspapers on public opinion, established good relations with the people, and won the support and trust of the people. At the same time, the dictatorship of the Kuomintang also seriously suppressed the propaganda work of the progressive forces.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G219.29;K26
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 瞿巍;;抗戰(zhàn)時期四川的圖書雜志審查[J];中國出版;2013年04期
，本文編號：2506245
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