【摘要】：1906年成立的京師總商會(huì),是當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)各種因素“合力”的結(jié)果,體現(xiàn)為政府的勸辦、商人群體力量壯大、以及舊的商業(yè)組織形式的轉(zhuǎn)變等內(nèi)外因。總商會(huì)從成立之初到1928年政府南遷,其發(fā)展歷程大致表現(xiàn)為：入會(huì)成員的增加、規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大,以及章程的規(guī)范化、具體化。總商會(huì)的組織結(jié)構(gòu)包括內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)和外延系統(tǒng)兩個(gè)部分,其中內(nèi)部系統(tǒng)是指總商會(huì)是由行商會(huì)、行業(yè)公會(huì)、新式企業(yè)構(gòu)成；外延系統(tǒng)是指附設(shè)總商會(huì)的機(jī)構(gòu)增多,還形成了總商會(huì)→分會(huì)→分事務(wù)所的垂直結(jié)構(gòu)。盡管總商會(huì)的職能主要是經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的,具體為調(diào)查商情、維持商務(wù)、裁判商事、競(jìng)賽商品、振興商學(xué)、輔助商政、議定商律、商稅等工商業(yè)法規(guī)等。但是總商會(huì)的存在,對(duì)清末民初京師地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、社會(huì)發(fā)展有不可低估的作用。經(jīng)濟(jì)上,維持市場(chǎng)穩(wěn)定、調(diào)解經(jīng)濟(jì)糾紛、完善經(jīng)濟(jì)法規(guī)等；政治上,既與政府行為一致,又相區(qū)別。社會(huì)活動(dòng)上,開展慈善事業(yè),發(fā)展商業(yè)教育,維護(hù)社會(huì)治安。
[Abstract]:The Beijing General Chamber of Commerce, established in 1906, was the result of the "joint force" of various social factors at that time, which was embodied in the persuasion of the government, the strength of the merchant group, and the transformation of the old form of commercial organization. From the beginning of its establishment to the southward relocation of the government in 1928, the development process of the General Chamber of Commerce is roughly as follows: the increase of membership, the expansion of scale, and the standardization and concretization of the articles of association. The organizational structure of the General Chamber of Commerce includes two parts: the internal structure and the extension system, in which the internal system means that the General Chamber of Commerce is composed of the Chamber of Commerce, the trade association and the new enterprise. The extension system refers to the increase of the number of organizations attached to the General Chamber of Commerce, and forms the vertical structure of the General Chamber of Commerce. Although the functions of the General Chamber of Commerce are mainly economic, specifically for investigating commercial conditions, maintaining commerce, judging commercial affairs, competing commodities, revitalizing business science, assisting business administration, agreeing on commercial laws, commercial taxes and other industrial and commercial laws and regulations, and so on. However, the existence of the General Chamber of Commerce played an important role in the economic, political and social development of the Jingshi area in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Economically, it maintains market stability, mediates economic disputes, perfects economic laws and regulations, etc. Politically, it is consistent with and different from government behavior. In social activities, carry out philanthropy, develop business education, and maintain public order.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：F203;K25

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