中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人與西路軍問題的撥亂反正
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-21 00:53
【摘要】：1936年10月,中國工農(nóng)紅軍四方面軍一部兩萬一千八百余人,為策應(yīng)河?xùn)|主力紅軍的戰(zhàn)略行動和完成打通蘇聯(lián)獲取軍事物資援助之使命,奉中革軍委之命西渡黃河組成西路軍,在河西走廊餐風(fēng)飲血、浴血奮戰(zhàn),同敵人進行了四個月艱苦卓絕的斗爭,最后終因寡不敵眾、彈盡糧絕而慘遭失敗。 西路軍為配合主力紅軍的戰(zhàn)略行動做出了巨大的自我犧牲,為西安事變后局勢的有利發(fā)展做出了積極的貢獻,本應(yīng)受到中共中央及中革軍委的表彰和贊揚,然而卻被認(rèn)為是“張國燾路線”徹底破產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)物。從此,西路軍就被扣上了“張國燾路線”的帽子,無論是長眠在河西走廊的將士,還是幸存下來的將士,在此后的幾十年里,特別是在“文革”中受到了極不公正的對待。多年來,無人能為西路軍的冤屈平反,學(xué)術(shù)界在研究此問題時也往往盲從于官方的結(jié)論。于是,這段歷史的真相逐漸被埋沒,西路軍問題由此而產(chǎn)生。 “文革”結(jié)束后,歷史進入了改革開放新時代,特別是隨著黨的十一屆三中全會的召開,掀起了撥亂反正的浪潮,一系列冤假錯案得到平反,西路軍問題也受到了中共中央的高度重視。為了徹底解決西路軍問題,澄清這段歷史的真相,中共中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人做了大量工作。20世紀(jì)80年代,經(jīng)陳云的建議,李先念組織人員花費大量時間精力編寫出《關(guān)于西路軍歷史上幾個問題的說明》,最后由鄧小平做出批示,贊同將此存檔,從而為西路軍問題確定了基調(diào):西路軍是奉中革軍委之命,西渡黃河負(fù)責(zé)打通蘇聯(lián)以獲得軍事物資援助,最終為西路軍摘去了“張國燾路線”的帽子,西路軍問題得到解決。 20世紀(jì)90年代以來,《毛澤東選集》(第一卷)有關(guān)西路軍注釋的修改、《中國共產(chǎn)黨歷史》(上卷)有關(guān)西路軍奉命渡河說法的修改,以及《中國共產(chǎn)黨歷史》(第一卷)的修訂再版,不斷地以官方的渠道、權(quán)威的敘述,向人們澄清西路軍這段被曲解了的歷史,讓真相重新展現(xiàn)在世人面前。歷史最終將公正還給了西路軍將士。
[Abstract]:In October 1936, more than 21800 people from the four sides of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army fought hard with the enemy for four months. In order to respond to the strategic actions of the main Red Army in Hedong and complete the mission of getting military material assistance from the Soviet Union, he was ordered by the Central Revolutionary military Commission to cross the Yellow River to form a western road army. He drank blood in the Hexi Corridor, fought hard in blood, and fought hard with the enemy for four months. The Western Route Army made great self-sacrifice to cooperate with the strategic actions of the main Red Army and made positive contributions to the favorable development of the situation after the Xi'an incident. It should have been praised and praised by the CPC Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary military Commission, but it was regarded as the product of the complete bankruptcy of the "Zhang Guotao line." Since then, the West Road Army has been put on the hat of "Zhang Guotao Line", whether it is the soldiers who sleep in the Hexi Corridor or the surviving generals, who have been treated unfairly in the following decades, especially in the Cultural Revolution. For many years, no one has been able to defuse the grievances of the West Road Army, and the academic community has often blindly followed the official conclusions when studying this issue. As a result, the truth of this period of history is gradually buried, and the problem of the West Road Army arises from it. After the end of the Cultural Revolution, history has entered a new era of reform and opening up, especially with the convening of the third Plenary session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), a wave of rectifying chaos has been set off, a series of wrongs and wrongs have been vilified, and the issue of the Western Route Army has also been highly valued by the CPC Central Committee. In order to thoroughly solve the problem of the West Route Army and clarify the truth of this period of history, the leaders of the CPC Central Committee have done a great deal of work. In the 1980s, after Chen Yun's proposal, Li Xiannian organized personnel spent a lot of time and effort working out the "explanation on several issues in the History of the West Route Army." finally, Deng Xiaoping gave instructions and approved the archiving of this issue, thus setting the tone for the West Route Army issue: the West Route Army was ordered by the Central Revolutionary military Commission. Xidu Yellow River was responsible for opening up the Soviet Union to obtain military material assistance, and finally took off the hat of "Zhang Kuotao Line" for the West Road Army, and the problem of the West Road Army was solved. Since the 1990s, the selected works of Mao Zedong (Volume I) have revised the notes of the West Road Army, the History of the Communist Party of China (Volume 1) about the revision of the saying that the West Road Army was ordered to cross the river, and the revision of the History of the Communist Party of China (Volume I). It has constantly clarified the misinterpreted history of the West Road Army to people through official channels and authoritative narratives, so that the truth can be redisplayed in front of the world. History finally returned justice to the soldiers and soldiers of the West Road Army.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K264.4;D231
本文編號：2503661
[Abstract]:In October 1936, more than 21800 people from the four sides of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army fought hard with the enemy for four months. In order to respond to the strategic actions of the main Red Army in Hedong and complete the mission of getting military material assistance from the Soviet Union, he was ordered by the Central Revolutionary military Commission to cross the Yellow River to form a western road army. He drank blood in the Hexi Corridor, fought hard in blood, and fought hard with the enemy for four months. The Western Route Army made great self-sacrifice to cooperate with the strategic actions of the main Red Army and made positive contributions to the favorable development of the situation after the Xi'an incident. It should have been praised and praised by the CPC Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary military Commission, but it was regarded as the product of the complete bankruptcy of the "Zhang Guotao line." Since then, the West Road Army has been put on the hat of "Zhang Guotao Line", whether it is the soldiers who sleep in the Hexi Corridor or the surviving generals, who have been treated unfairly in the following decades, especially in the Cultural Revolution. For many years, no one has been able to defuse the grievances of the West Road Army, and the academic community has often blindly followed the official conclusions when studying this issue. As a result, the truth of this period of history is gradually buried, and the problem of the West Road Army arises from it. After the end of the Cultural Revolution, history has entered a new era of reform and opening up, especially with the convening of the third Plenary session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), a wave of rectifying chaos has been set off, a series of wrongs and wrongs have been vilified, and the issue of the Western Route Army has also been highly valued by the CPC Central Committee. In order to thoroughly solve the problem of the West Route Army and clarify the truth of this period of history, the leaders of the CPC Central Committee have done a great deal of work. In the 1980s, after Chen Yun's proposal, Li Xiannian organized personnel spent a lot of time and effort working out the "explanation on several issues in the History of the West Route Army." finally, Deng Xiaoping gave instructions and approved the archiving of this issue, thus setting the tone for the West Route Army issue: the West Route Army was ordered by the Central Revolutionary military Commission. Xidu Yellow River was responsible for opening up the Soviet Union to obtain military material assistance, and finally took off the hat of "Zhang Kuotao Line" for the West Road Army, and the problem of the West Road Army was solved. Since the 1990s, the selected works of Mao Zedong (Volume I) have revised the notes of the West Road Army, the History of the Communist Party of China (Volume 1) about the revision of the saying that the West Road Army was ordered to cross the river, and the revision of the History of the Communist Party of China (Volume I). It has constantly clarified the misinterpreted history of the West Road Army to people through official channels and authoritative narratives, so that the truth can be redisplayed in front of the world. History finally returned justice to the soldiers and soldiers of the West Road Army.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K264.4;D231
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