【摘要】：中國"科學"是一個歷史性的概念,晚清自日本輸入后,就作為學術名詞與傳統(tǒng)學術的改造相伴相生。新文化運動時期,留美學生輸入整體性"科學"概念,"科學"開始從一個寬泛的,以分科為特征的學術體系,向整體性的,以"科學方法和精神"為核心的思維方式轉(zhuǎn)換,由此催生國學研究范式從"保存國粹"向"整理國故"過渡。兩種范式之異點在于評判固有學術的價值標準發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)換,但于過渡之中亦可見晚清以來學術轉(zhuǎn)型的內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一性:學術改造以分科治學為起點,以"科學"為歸屬,注定這是一個與傳統(tǒng)"分",與西學"合"的總體走向;近代學人大多是借用"科學"作為概念工具,試圖在分科體系內(nèi)妥善安置中西新舊,調(diào)和的主張一脈相承。
[Abstract]:Chinese "science" is a historical concept. Since the input of Japanese in the late Qing Dynasty, it has been accompanied by the transformation of traditional academic as an academic noun. During the New Culture Movement, the students studying in the United States inputted the concept of "science", and "science" began to change from a broad academic system characterized by different subjects to a holistic mode of thinking with "scientific method and spirit" as the core, thus giving birth to the transition of the paradigm of Chinese research from "preservation of quintessence" to "sorting out the national past". The difference between the two paradigm lies in the transformation of the value standard of judging the inherent academic, but in the transition, we can also see the internal unity of the academic transformation since the late Qing Dynasty: the academic transformation takes the subject study as the starting point and takes "science" as the belonging, which is doomed to be an overall trend of "dividing" with the traditional and "in line" with the western learning. Most modern scholars use "science" as a conceptual tool to try to properly settle the old and new ideas between China and the West in the branch system.
【作者單位】： 杭州師范大學歷史系;
【基金】：國家社科基金后期資助項目“近代中國科學概念的生成與歧變”(14FZS035)的成果之一
【分類號】：K092

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