【摘要】：熊希齡在正式步入政壇之前,曾在湖南醴陵有過(guò)從事于實(shí)業(yè)的經(jīng)歷以及對(duì)振興湖南實(shí)業(yè)的思考；步入政壇之后,又得以先后在奉天、江蘇擔(dān)任過(guò)主管實(shí)業(yè)的政府官員——奉天農(nóng)工商局局長(zhǎng)和江蘇農(nóng)工商局總辦；辭去內(nèi)閣總理之后,復(fù)受袁世凱委任籌辦全國(guó)煤油礦事宜�？梢哉f(shuō),熊希齡一生與實(shí)業(yè)結(jié)下了不解之緣。 在他長(zhǎng)期從事的實(shí)業(yè)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)中,以及對(duì)振興近代中國(guó)實(shí)業(yè)的思考中,逐漸形成了他對(duì)于發(fā)展近代中國(guó)實(shí)業(yè)的見(jiàn)解與主張——實(shí)業(yè)思想。熊希齡的實(shí)業(yè)思想是實(shí)業(yè)救國(guó)思潮在近代中國(guó)的傳播與流布的產(chǎn)物,其本質(zhì)上是一種維新思想和愛(ài)國(guó)思想。它的形成,既受西方實(shí)業(yè)思想的影響；也受中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中的經(jīng)邦濟(jì)國(guó)思想,特別是湖湘文化中的“經(jīng)世致用”思想和近代湖南學(xué)風(fēng)中的務(wù)實(shí)精神的影響；同時(shí)還與熊希齡的個(gè)人機(jī)遇和主觀(guān)努力有關(guān)。 在熊希齡看來(lái),發(fā)展實(shí)業(yè)對(duì)于近代中國(guó)有著重要的意義,不但是養(yǎng)成國(guó)力之基礎(chǔ),’是立國(guó)之本,而且對(duì)于發(fā)展軍事力量、抵御外侮有著重要的作用。熊希齡認(rèn)為,在近代中國(guó)要發(fā)展實(shí)業(yè),必須學(xué)習(xí)日本,走優(yōu)先發(fā)展模仿工業(yè)的道路。至于發(fā)展實(shí)業(yè)的具體方法,熊希齡則提出了興辦實(shí)業(yè)教育、行政助長(zhǎng)實(shí)業(yè)、發(fā)展交通和通信事業(yè)三大措施。熊希齡還就如何開(kāi)發(fā)中國(guó)煤油礦有過(guò)仔細(xì)的思考和周密的籌劃,并在借鑒國(guó)外先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)之上向政府提出了開(kāi)發(fā)煤油礦的方法。熊希齡的實(shí)業(yè)思想具有三個(gè)典型的特征：突出實(shí)業(yè)教育的作用；鮮明的“重商主義”特征；國(guó)外經(jīng)驗(yàn)與本土實(shí)際情況相結(jié)合的“務(wù)實(shí)主義”特征。他的實(shí)業(yè)思想不但被他成功地用于指導(dǎo)開(kāi)展實(shí)業(yè)實(shí)踐活動(dòng),而且豐富和發(fā)展了近代中國(guó)的實(shí)業(yè)思想,有力地推動(dòng)了近代中國(guó)實(shí)業(yè)的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Xiong Xiling had been engaged in industry and thought of revitalizing Hunan industry in Liling, Hunan before he formally entered the political arena. After stepping into politics, he was able to successively serve as a government official in charge of industry in Fengtian, the director of Fengtian Agriculture and Industry Bureau and the general office of Jiangsu Agriculture and Industry Bureau. After he resigned as prime minister of the cabinet, he was appointed by Yuan Shikai to organize the national kerosene and mining affairs. It can be said that Xiong Xiling's life and industry are inextricably linked. In his long-term industrial practice, as well as in the thought of revitalizing modern Chinese industry, he gradually formed his views and opinions on developing modern Chinese industry-industrial thought. Xiong Xiling's industrial thought is the product of the spread and spread of the thought of saving the country from industry in modern China, and its essence is a kind of reform thought and patriotic thought. Its formation is influenced not only by the western industrial thought, but also by the thought of Jingji country in the traditional Chinese culture, especially the thought of "applying the world to the world" in Huxiang culture and the pragmatic spirit in the modern Hunan style of study; It is also related to Xiong Xiling's personal opportunities and subjective efforts. In Xiong Xiling's view, the development of industry was of great significance to modern China. It was not only the foundation of national strength, 'the foundation of establishing a country, but also an important role in developing military force and resisting foreign aggression. Xiong Xiling believes that in order to develop industry in modern China, we must learn from Japan and take the priority of imitating industry. As for the concrete method of developing industry, Xiong Xiling put forward three major measures: setting up industry education, promoting industry by administration, and developing transportation and communication. Xiong Xiling also had careful thinking and careful planning on how to develop kerosene mines in China, and put forward to the government the method of developing kerosene mines on the basis of drawing lessons from the advanced experience of foreign countries. Xiong Xiling's industrial thought has three typical characteristics: highlighting the role of industrial education; distinctive "mercantilism" characteristics; the "pragmatism" characteristic of combining foreign experience with local reality. His industrial thought has not only been successfully used to guide the development of industrial practice, but also enriched and developed the industrial thought of modern China, which strongly promoted the development of modern Chinese industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K258

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