改革開放以來中國公路運輸政策演變研究（1979-）
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-02 19:00
【摘要】：交通運輸業(yè)作為國民經(jīng)濟的基礎性、先導性、服務型產(chǎn)業(yè),是維護經(jīng)濟運行與社會正常運轉和協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的基本條件。公路運輸是綜合交通運輸體系的重要組成部分,其發(fā)展水平的高低直接制約著整個交通運輸產(chǎn)業(yè)的效率,并影響到經(jīng)濟與社會發(fā)展的速度和水平。改革開放以來,在公路、鐵路、水路、民航、管道五大運輸方式中,公路運輸充分發(fā)揮了其他運輸方式不可替代的作用,對推動中國社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設發(fā)揮了重要的作用,也對提高人民群眾出行質(zhì)量、改善生活面貌做出了重要的貢獻。反過來,經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的日新月異,也對公路運輸供給能力及服務水平提出了越來越高的要求。公路運輸政策作為國家宏觀經(jīng)濟政策的重要組成部分,為協(xié)調(diào)參與公路運輸活動的各個經(jīng)濟主體之間利益關系提供了行為準則,為指導、規(guī)范公路運輸業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供了體制機制上的保證。因此深化對公路運輸產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的研究,不僅具有豐富的理論價值,更有深遠的實踐意義。 本文將當代公路運輸政策的演變歷程置入中國公路運輸發(fā)展的宏大背景下,展開歷時性與共時性分析。全文包括緒論、第一、二、三、四、五章以及結束語,共七部分。 緒論首先對公路運輸、道路運輸、道路運政管理、公路運輸管理、運輸政策等概念定義及內(nèi)涵進行了界定,然后分析了從歷史角度研究公路運輸政策的意義,詳述了當前理論界在公路運輸政策方面取得的主要成果及研究不足,進而提出研究思路,并說明了本書創(chuàng)新之處,同時也分析了本文的不足之處及努力方向。 第一章分中華民國時期、中華人民共和國成立后至改革開放前兩個階段,對改革開放以前公路運輸政策的演變進行回顧,探討政策制定實施的經(jīng)驗得失。 第二章介紹了初步市場化進程階段(1979-1991)公路運輸政策轉變的歷史形勢,從全面放開的市場準入、運輸企業(yè)的全而改革、積極推進市場培育、市場監(jiān)管政策的制度化等方面詳細闡述了該階段公路運輸政策的具體內(nèi)容、實施情況及對道路運輸業(yè)和國民經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生的影響,并簡要分析了政策的成效及不足。 第三章介紹了市場經(jīng)濟體制初步建立階段(1992-2002)的公路運輸政策制定實施的時代背景,從企業(yè)轉換經(jīng)營機制及推行股份制改革、市場準入的從嚴、以優(yōu)化為中心的運輸結構調(diào)整、全方位的市場監(jiān)管等方面闡釋了該階段公路運輸政策的具體內(nèi)容、實施措施,分析了上述政策對道路運輸業(yè)乃至經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展產(chǎn)生的影響,最后簡要評價了該階段政策成效。 第四章交代了市場經(jīng)濟體制完善階段(2003-)公路運輸政策調(diào)整的社會背景,然后從市場準入退出機制的統(tǒng)籌考慮、運輸結構的全方位和深層次調(diào)整、市場監(jiān)管理念及措施的創(chuàng)新等方面論述了該階段公路運輸政策的主要內(nèi)容、實施舉措,分析了政策的實施對道路運輸行業(yè)和整個社會產(chǎn)生的影響,并對該階段政策實施成效做了簡短歸納。 第五章歸納了改革開放以來各類公路運輸政策的演變特點,,總結了當代公路運輸政策制定實施的主要經(jīng)驗和教訓,并結合行業(yè)發(fā)展實踐提出了對今后10-20年公路運輸政策應采取走向的一系列建議。 結束語部分在全面分析政策演變特點及實施得失的基礎上歸納出一系列結論：今后10-20年既是我國建成惠及十幾億人口的更高水平小康社會的關鍵時期,也是建設富強民主文明和諧的社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家的重要階段,同時也是市場經(jīng)濟體制更加完善的時期。在市場經(jīng)濟條件下,行業(yè)法制建設必須重視完整性、前瞻性及可操作性；在完善法制建設的基礎上,公路運輸政策應當更加注重政策的科學性、系統(tǒng)性；道路運輸管理中,行政、經(jīng)濟、法律三種手段相輔相成,不可偏廢；應當把如何實現(xiàn)運輸結構的科學調(diào)整作為今后政策完善的核心內(nèi)容之一；解決現(xiàn)有公路運輸政策的不足,不僅需要道路運輸管理部門轉變理念,更需要各級政府和交通主管部門轉變理念,統(tǒng)籌交通基礎設施建設及運輸發(fā)展,科學構建綜合運輸體系,指導道路運輸行業(yè)走科學發(fā)展之路。
[Abstract]:As the basic, leading and service-oriented industry of the national economy, the transportation and transportation industry is the basic condition for maintaining the normal operation and coordinated development of the economic operation and the society. Road transport is an important part of the comprehensive transportation system, and the level of development directly restricts the efficiency of the whole transportation industry and affects the speed and the level of the economic and social development. since the reform and opening-up, the highway, railway, waterway, civil aviation and pipeline five transport modes, the road transport has fully played an irreplaceable role in other modes of transportation, has played an important role in promoting the construction of China's socialist modernization, and also improves the people's travel quality, The improvement of the living environment has made an important contribution. In turn, the economic and social development is changing with each passing day, and the demand for the supply capacity and service level of road transport is higher and higher. As an important part of the national macro-economic policy, the road transport policy provides a code of conduct for coordinating the relationship between the various economic entities involved in road transport activities, and provides an institutional mechanism for guiding and regulating the sustainable development of the road transport industry. Therefore, the study of the industrial policy of road transport not only has rich theoretical value, but also has far-reaching practical significance. In this paper, the evolution of the contemporary road transport policy is put into the grand background of the development of China's road transportation, and the diachronic and common-time division The full text includes the introduction, the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth chapter and the end language, seven parts This paper defines the concept and connotation of road transportation, road transportation, road transportation management, road transport management and transportation policy, and then analyzes the road transportation policy from the historical point of view. The significance of this paper is to give a detailed description of the main achievements and shortcomings of the current theoretical circle in the road transport policy, and then put forward the research ideas and explain the innovation of this book, and also analyze the shortcomings and the inu... Chapter 1: The first chapter is divided into two stages of the period of the Republic of China, the People's Republic of China after the establishment of the People's Republic of China and the first two stages of the reform and opening-up, and the evolution of the road transport policy before the reform and opening The second chapter introduces the historical situation of the transition of road transport policy in the course of the preliminary market process (1979-1991). The concrete contents, the implementation of the road transport policy in this stage and the impact on the road transportation and the national economy are described in detail in the aspects of the development of the market and the institutionalization of the market supervision policy, and the government is analyzed briefly. The third chapter introduces the background of the development and implementation of the road transport policy in the initial stage of the market economic system (1992-2002), from the transformation and operation mechanism of the enterprise and the implementation of the reform of the joint-stock system and the strict control of market access, so as to optimize the system. The concrete content and implementation measures of the road transport policy in this stage are explained in the aspects of the transportation structure adjustment of the center, the comprehensive market supervision and so on. The effect of the above policies on the development of the road transportation, and even the economic and social development is analyzed, and the final summary is given. The fourth chapter explains the social background of the adjustment of the road transport policy in the market economic system, and then, from the integrated consideration of the market access exit mechanism, the transport junction The main content and implementation of the road transport policy in this stage are discussed in the aspects of the comprehensive and deep adjustment of the structure, the market supervision concept and the innovation of the measures, and the influence of the implementation of the policy on the road transportation industry and the society as a whole is analyzed, and the government is in charge of this stage. The fifth chapter summarizes the characteristics of various road transport policies since the reform and opening-up, and summarizes the main experiences and lessons of the development and implementation of the current road transport policy, and puts forward the road transport for the next 10 to 20 years in the light of the practice of the industry development. The policy should take a series of suggestions. The conclusion is based on the overall analysis of the characteristics of the policy and the implementation and loss of the policy. The key period of a well-off society at a higher level in the mouth is also an important stage of building a prosperous and strong democratic and harmonious socialist modernization country, and at the same time Under the condition of market economy, the legal system of the industry must pay more attention to the integrity, the forward-looking and the operability, and on the basis of perfecting the legal system, the road transport policy should pay more attention to the scientific and systematic nature of the policy In the management of road transportation, the three means of administration, economy and law are mutually reinforcing and can't be waste; how to realize the scientific adjustment of the transport structure as one of the core contents of the future policy improvement; to solve the shortcomings of the existing road transport policy, and not It is only necessary to change the concept of the road transportation management department, and it is more necessary to change the concept of the government and the transportation department at all levels, to coordinate the construction of transportation infrastructure and transport development, and to scientifically construct the comprehensive transport system.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K27;F542
本文編號：2433368
[Abstract]:As the basic, leading and service-oriented industry of the national economy, the transportation and transportation industry is the basic condition for maintaining the normal operation and coordinated development of the economic operation and the society. Road transport is an important part of the comprehensive transportation system, and the level of development directly restricts the efficiency of the whole transportation industry and affects the speed and the level of the economic and social development. since the reform and opening-up, the highway, railway, waterway, civil aviation and pipeline five transport modes, the road transport has fully played an irreplaceable role in other modes of transportation, has played an important role in promoting the construction of China's socialist modernization, and also improves the people's travel quality, The improvement of the living environment has made an important contribution. In turn, the economic and social development is changing with each passing day, and the demand for the supply capacity and service level of road transport is higher and higher. As an important part of the national macro-economic policy, the road transport policy provides a code of conduct for coordinating the relationship between the various economic entities involved in road transport activities, and provides an institutional mechanism for guiding and regulating the sustainable development of the road transport industry. Therefore, the study of the industrial policy of road transport not only has rich theoretical value, but also has far-reaching practical significance. In this paper, the evolution of the contemporary road transport policy is put into the grand background of the development of China's road transportation, and the diachronic and common-time division The full text includes the introduction, the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth chapter and the end language, seven parts This paper defines the concept and connotation of road transportation, road transportation, road transportation management, road transport management and transportation policy, and then analyzes the road transportation policy from the historical point of view. The significance of this paper is to give a detailed description of the main achievements and shortcomings of the current theoretical circle in the road transport policy, and then put forward the research ideas and explain the innovation of this book, and also analyze the shortcomings and the inu... Chapter 1: The first chapter is divided into two stages of the period of the Republic of China, the People's Republic of China after the establishment of the People's Republic of China and the first two stages of the reform and opening-up, and the evolution of the road transport policy before the reform and opening The second chapter introduces the historical situation of the transition of road transport policy in the course of the preliminary market process (1979-1991). The concrete contents, the implementation of the road transport policy in this stage and the impact on the road transportation and the national economy are described in detail in the aspects of the development of the market and the institutionalization of the market supervision policy, and the government is analyzed briefly. The third chapter introduces the background of the development and implementation of the road transport policy in the initial stage of the market economic system (1992-2002), from the transformation and operation mechanism of the enterprise and the implementation of the reform of the joint-stock system and the strict control of market access, so as to optimize the system. The concrete content and implementation measures of the road transport policy in this stage are explained in the aspects of the transportation structure adjustment of the center, the comprehensive market supervision and so on. The effect of the above policies on the development of the road transportation, and even the economic and social development is analyzed, and the final summary is given. The fourth chapter explains the social background of the adjustment of the road transport policy in the market economic system, and then, from the integrated consideration of the market access exit mechanism, the transport junction The main content and implementation of the road transport policy in this stage are discussed in the aspects of the comprehensive and deep adjustment of the structure, the market supervision concept and the innovation of the measures, and the influence of the implementation of the policy on the road transportation industry and the society as a whole is analyzed, and the government is in charge of this stage. The fifth chapter summarizes the characteristics of various road transport policies since the reform and opening-up, and summarizes the main experiences and lessons of the development and implementation of the current road transport policy, and puts forward the road transport for the next 10 to 20 years in the light of the practice of the industry development. The policy should take a series of suggestions. The conclusion is based on the overall analysis of the characteristics of the policy and the implementation and loss of the policy. The key period of a well-off society at a higher level in the mouth is also an important stage of building a prosperous and strong democratic and harmonious socialist modernization country, and at the same time Under the condition of market economy, the legal system of the industry must pay more attention to the integrity, the forward-looking and the operability, and on the basis of perfecting the legal system, the road transport policy should pay more attention to the scientific and systematic nature of the policy In the management of road transportation, the three means of administration, economy and law are mutually reinforcing and can't be waste; how to realize the scientific adjustment of the transport structure as one of the core contents of the future policy improvement; to solve the shortcomings of the existing road transport policy, and not It is only necessary to change the concept of the road transportation management department, and it is more necessary to change the concept of the government and the transportation department at all levels, to coordinate the construction of transportation infrastructure and transport development, and to scientifically construct the comprehensive transport system.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K27;F542
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