【摘要】： 江北提督(1905—1911)是清政府在江北地區(qū)設(shè)置的最高武職軍事長(zhǎng)官,作為漕運(yùn)總督、江淮巡撫裁撤之后的折中產(chǎn)物,江北提督在設(shè)立伊始就因襲了漕運(yùn)總督與江淮巡撫所掌控的部分職權(quán),這使得江北提督不僅在管轄職權(quán)上分擔(dān)了原先屬于江蘇這一整體行政機(jī)構(gòu)中的既得利益者江南提督的部分權(quán)力,同時(shí)還因“節(jié)制江北文武”之權(quán)對(duì)江北地區(qū)的官員尤其是掌管運(yùn)河事務(wù)的文職官員有保舉與彈劾的權(quán)力。但是,江北提督與眾不同的最根本之處在于其對(duì)江北地區(qū)新政的主持。江北提督主政江北之后,在編練新軍、改良警政、興辦學(xué)堂、綜理財(cái)政等新政措施方面皆進(jìn)行了超越傳統(tǒng)政治之外的新改革,有力地推動(dòng)了江北地區(qū)的近代化歷程。江北提督以武職身份對(duì)于江北新政的貢獻(xiàn)可以說是晚清地方督撫領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地方新政中獨(dú)一無二的現(xiàn)象。 雖然江北提督對(duì)江北地方政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)以及軍事的發(fā)展可謂不余遺力,但這似乎并沒有改變江北地方官紳對(duì)江北提督若有若無的排擠。所幸的是,節(jié)制江北提督的直屬上司兩江總督在諸多問題上與其保持著至少表面上的一致,因?yàn)閮烧呓耘c北洋集團(tuán)關(guān)系匪淺。江北新政也正是由于兩江總督以及北洋集團(tuán)的支持才得以開展順利。但是,江北新政的實(shí)施并不是無可挑剔的,江北提督更替的頻繁、中央政府結(jié)構(gòu)的重組以及經(jīng)費(fèi)來源困難等方面的因素使得江北新政在實(shí)施過程中存在著諸多的遺憾。但是,這些遺憾并不能抹殺江北提督對(duì)江北社會(huì)近代化所作的種種努力。
[Abstract]:The governor of Jiangbei (1905-1911) was the highest military officer set up by the Qing government in the northern part of the Yangtze River. As governor of water transportation, the governor of Jianghuai River and Huaihe River was abolished as a compromise product. From the very beginning of its establishment, the governor of the north of the Yangtze River inherited some of the functions and powers of the Governor of Water Transport and the Governor of the Jianghuai River and Huaihe River. This made the governor of Jiangbei not only share some of the powers in the jurisdiction of the governor of Jiangnan, who was a vested interest in the whole administrative body of Jiangsu, but also took part in the power of the governor of Jiangnan. At the same time, the power of "controlling civil and military affairs in the northern part of the Yangtze River" has the power to protect and impeach officials in the north of the Yangtze River, especially the civilian officials in charge of canal affairs. However, the most fundamental reason why Jiangbei governor was different was that he presided over the New deal in Jiangbei region. After Jiangbei was in charge of Jiangbei, the new policy measures, such as compiling and training the new army, improving the police and government, setting up schools, and comprehensive management finance, all carried out new reforms beyond the traditional politics, which promoted the modernization process of the northern region of the Yangtze River. Jiangbei governor's contribution to the Jiangbei New deal was a unique phenomenon in the late Qing Dynasty. Although the governor of the northern part of the Yangtze River had little left to do with the development of local politics, economy and military affairs, it did not seem to have changed the exclusion of the local officials and gentry from the north of the Yangtze River. Fortunately, Governor Jiang Liangjiang, the direct supervisor of the governor, maintained at least superficial agreement on a number of issues, as both were closely related to the Beiyang Group. Jiangbei New deal is also due to the Governor of the two rivers and the support of the Beiyang Group to carry out smoothly. However, the implementation of the Jiangbei New deal is not impeccable. The frequent turnover of the governor in Jiangbei, the reorganization of the central government structure and the difficulty of funding resources make the implementation of the New deal in Jiangbei have many regrets. However, these regrets can not erase the Jiangbei governor's efforts to modernize the Jiangbei society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：K252

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本文編號(hào)：2421952