【摘要】：新中國(guó)成立后,中央政府將評(píng)選勞模的做法制度化,全國(guó)各地涌現(xiàn)了一批批模范人物。這些模范人物既是普通勞動(dòng)群眾學(xué)習(xí)的標(biāo)桿,也是政府和群眾之間的紐帶和橋梁,他們?yōu)榻?jīng)濟(jì)的恢復(fù)和社會(huì)發(fā)展發(fā)揮了重要作用。山西省政府也召開了多次模范評(píng)選會(huì)議,表彰了大批模范,授予他們勞動(dòng)模范、積極分子等光榮稱號(hào),其中包括了不少農(nóng)村女模范。本論文通過運(yùn)用檔案資料、地方書籍和田野調(diào)查資料,對(duì)農(nóng)村女模范的產(chǎn)生、表彰、生活等方面進(jìn)行了梳理和總結(jié)。第一章從法律法規(guī)、地方經(jīng)濟(jì)需求、社會(huì)宣傳和勞模政策四個(gè)方面分析了農(nóng)村女模范產(chǎn)生的時(shí)代背景。認(rèn)為建國(guó)后中央政府頒布與實(shí)施的法律法規(guī)、中蘇女英模事跡的宣傳以及勞模評(píng)選的制度化是女模范產(chǎn)生的外力,臨汾縣農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展對(duì)勞力的需求是女模范產(chǎn)生的根本因素。第二章梳理了1950年代模范評(píng)選的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和評(píng)選工作的開展,認(rèn)為女模范是在政府和群眾互動(dòng)過程中產(chǎn)生的,生產(chǎn)成績(jī)、個(gè)人品質(zhì)和組織能力是評(píng)選模范的主要標(biāo)準(zhǔn),同時(shí),敢于向封建思想習(xí)俗作斗爭(zhēng)也是婦女模范成長(zhǎng)的特殊條件。第三章通過整理1950年代臨汾縣女模范的基本概況,總結(jié)了女模范獲得榮譽(yù)的時(shí)間、擔(dān)任的職務(wù)、政治面貌、家庭背景等方面的特征,認(rèn)為她們出身貧微,童年就已參加勞動(dòng),且因積極響應(yīng)黨的政策而被推選為模范。第四章介紹了農(nóng)村女模范集體勞動(dòng)實(shí)踐、參與的社會(huì)活動(dòng)和婚姻家庭生活。她們?cè)诩w勞動(dòng)和社會(huì)活動(dòng)中運(yùn)用與推廣了先進(jìn)的種植技術(shù),宣傳了黨的政策,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)群眾積極應(yīng)對(duì)地方災(zāi)害。通過對(duì)她們婚姻選擇和家庭生活的梳理,認(rèn)為1950年代農(nóng)村女模范在擇偶和居住方面呈現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代并存的狀態(tài),夫妻、婆媳關(guān)系以相互協(xié)作為主。第五章總結(jié)了農(nóng)村女模范的特征和社會(huì)影響。她們?cè)谏鐣?huì)實(shí)踐和家庭生活中具有顯著的特征,一是具有團(tuán)結(jié)群眾、樂于助人、“賢妻良母”等道德品質(zhì),二是經(jīng)常參加會(huì)議,參與了各項(xiàng)社會(huì)事務(wù)。她們通過農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和社會(huì)活動(dòng)等方面的實(shí)踐為改變傳統(tǒng)輕視婦女勞動(dòng)的觀念和臨汾縣的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)建設(shè)起到了積極作用。通過上述研究,本文認(rèn)為,農(nóng)村女模范通過勞動(dòng)實(shí)踐獲得了應(yīng)有的人格尊嚴(yán),她們?cè)趨⒓觿趧?dòng)實(shí)踐的過程中逐漸培養(yǎng)了自信心和自身的能力,感受到了勞動(dòng)的樂趣,但身體的病痛是其最深刻的記憶。
[Abstract]:After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the central government institutionalized the selection of labor models, and a number of model figures emerged all over the country. These model figures are not only the standard for the ordinary working people to learn, but also the link and bridge between the government and the masses. They have played an important role in economic recovery and social development. Shanxi provincial government also held many model selection meetings, praised a large number of models, awarded them model workers, activists and other glorious titles, including many rural women model. Through the use of archival materials, local books and field survey materials, this paper combs and summarizes the generation, recognition, life and other aspects of rural female models. The first chapter analyzes the background of rural female models from four aspects: laws and regulations, local economic needs, social propaganda and labor model policy. It is considered that the laws and regulations promulgated and implemented by the central government after the founding of the people's Republic of China, the propaganda of the deeds of Chinese and Soviet female English models and the institutionalization of the selection of female models are the external forces produced by female models, and the demand for labor for the development of agricultural economy in Linfen County is the fundamental factor for the generation of female models. The second chapter combs the criteria of model selection in the 1950s and the development of the evaluation work. It is concluded that female role models are produced in the process of interaction between the government and the masses, and that the main criteria for the evaluation of models are achievements in production, personal quality and organizational ability. Daring to struggle against feudal ideology and customs is also a special condition for women's exemplary growth. The third chapter summarizes the characteristics of female role models in Linfen County in the 1950s in terms of their time of being honored, their positions of office, their political features, their family background, and so on. He was elected as a model for responding positively to the Party's policies. Chapter four introduces rural female model collective labor practice, social activities and marriage and family life. They have applied and popularized advanced planting techniques in collective labor and social activities, propagated the Party's policies, and led the masses to actively deal with local disasters. By combing their choice of marriage and family life, it is concluded that in 1950s, the rural female model had a traditional and modern coexistence in choosing and living for a spouse, and the relationship between husband and wife, mother-in-law and daughter-in-law was mainly based on mutual cooperation. Chapter five summarizes the characteristics and social influence of rural female models. They have remarkable characteristics in social practice and family life. First, they have the moral qualities of uniting the masses, helping others, and "having good wives and good mothers". The other is that they often attend conferences and participate in all kinds of social affairs. Through the practice of agricultural production and social activities, they have played a positive role in changing the traditional concept of despising women's labor and the economic and social construction of Linfen County. Through the above research, this paper holds that the rural female model has acquired due human dignity through the labor practice, and they have gradually cultivated their self-confidence and their own ability in the process of participating in the labor practice, and have felt the joy of labor. But physical pain is its deepest memory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K27

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