【摘要】：本文主要以民初奉天省水上警察制度為研究對(duì)象，對(duì)奉天省水上警察制度確立及其發(fā)展完善過(guò)程，進(jìn)行梳理和勾勒，并論述奉天省水上警察制度的組織體系及水上警察的主要工作職責(zé)，分析闡述確立水上警察制度的特點(diǎn)及其缺陷。本文共分五個(gè)部分進(jìn)行論述。 第一部分，緒論。此部分主要是在總結(jié)前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，總結(jié)出其研究成果的得失，引出本文的研究思路。 第二部分，介紹奉天省水上警察制度的創(chuàng)立。清末“新政”，清政府開(kāi)始在中國(guó)編練巡警，引進(jìn)西方警察制度，并在全國(guó)范圍推廣。近代東北地區(qū)隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)的開(kāi)發(fā)，東北經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展，水上運(yùn)輸方式成為主要方式。但是，，水上治安不靖，嚴(yán)重影響航運(yùn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，政府為了維持水上治安，在奉天省設(shè)置了水上警察機(jī)構(gòu)。奉天省逐步確立了水上警察制度。 第三部分，奉天省水上警察制度的主要內(nèi)容及實(shí)際運(yùn)作。主要論述了奉天省水上警察制度的主要內(nèi)容，它包括系統(tǒng)化的水上警察組織結(jié)構(gòu)；專(zhuān)門(mén)化的水上警察法規(guī)；規(guī)范化的水上警察選拔培訓(xùn)制度；以“就地抽捐”為主的財(cái)政管理制度。而且，政府明確了水上警察的工作職責(zé)。 第四部分，分析論述了奉天省水上警察制度的特征及其存在的缺陷。奉天省水上警察制度開(kāi)創(chuàng)了東北地區(qū)水上治安專(zhuān)門(mén)化管理的新式制度。水上警察制度逐漸邁向法制化、近代化的進(jìn)程，但是其仍然實(shí)施以行政命令為主導(dǎo)的處理方式，忽視法律程序和法律規(guī)定，這是水上警察制度的重要缺陷。同時(shí)，由于受政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)等因素的制約，水上警察制度的創(chuàng)設(shè)與實(shí)際執(zhí)行存在差距。 第五部分，結(jié)語(yǔ)。奉天省水上警察制度的確立及其發(fā)展完善經(jīng)歷了三個(gè)階段，奉天省水上警察制度由初建時(shí)的不完備，逐步建立起一套系統(tǒng)的組織體系，其組織編制逐步科學(xué)化、系統(tǒng)化。水上警察制度不斷發(fā)展完善，水上警察制度逐步走向了法制化、規(guī)范化、系統(tǒng)化的方向，水上警察制度逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)近代化。近代水上警察制度的確立也為當(dāng)?shù)厮暇斓陌l(fā)展從組織體系和工作職責(zé)兩個(gè)方面提供了重要的歷史借鑒。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly takes the water police system of Fengtian province in the early Republic of China as the research object, combs and outlines the establishment and development process of the water police system in Fengtian province. The paper also discusses the organization system of water police system in Fengtian province and the main work duties of water police, and analyzes the characteristics and defects of establishing water police system. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part, introduction. This part is based on summarizing the previous research results, summarizes the gains and losses of its research results, leads to the research ideas of this paper. The second part introduces the establishment of water police system in Fengtian province. At the end of Qing Dynasty, the Qing government began to train policemen in China, introduce western police system, and popularize it all over the country. With the development of the economic zone in modern times, the economy of Northeast China developed rapidly, and the mode of water transportation became the main way. However, water security is not enough, which seriously affects the development of shipping industry. In order to maintain water security, the government set up water police in Fengtian province. Fengtian Province gradually established the water police system. The third part, the main content and actual operation of water police system in Fengtian province. This paper mainly discusses the main contents of the water police system in Fengtian province, which includes the systematic water police organization structure, the specialized water police laws and regulations, the standardized water police selection and training system. The financial management system, which is based on "drawing donations on the spot". Moreover, the government has defined the job responsibilities of the water police. The fourth part analyzes the characteristics and defects of water police system in Fengtian province. The water police system of Fengtian Province created a new system of specialized management of water security in Northeast China. The water police system is gradually moving towards the process of legalization and modernization, but it still implements the administrative order as the leading way of handling, neglecting the legal procedure and legal provisions, which is an important defect of the water police system. At the same time, due to the political and economic constraints, there is a gap between the establishment of the water police system and the actual implementation. The fifth part, conclusion. The establishment and development of the water police system in Fengtian province has experienced three stages. The water police system of Fengtian province has gradually established a set of systematic organization system from the incomplete at the beginning of its establishment, and its organizational establishment has been gradually scientific and systematic. The water police system has been continuously developed and perfected, the water police system has gradually moved towards the direction of legalization, standardization and systematization, and the water police system has gradually realized modernization. The establishment of modern water police system also provides an important historical reference for the development of local water police from the two aspects of organization system and work responsibility.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K258;K26;D693.65

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