【摘要】：愛(ài)國(guó)公約運(yùn)動(dòng)是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨和我國(guó)人民的一個(gè)偉大創(chuàng)舉。就愛(ài)國(guó)公約運(yùn)動(dòng)的具體內(nèi)容來(lái)說(shuō),立足于新中國(guó)成立初期政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)發(fā)展的需要,廣大人民曾訂立過(guò)一系列的生產(chǎn)、支前、擁軍、擁政等愛(ài)國(guó)公約,這些愛(ài)國(guó)公約既是人民群眾愛(ài)國(guó)熱情和智慧的體現(xiàn),也是黨和政府的意志向普通民眾滲透的載體和紐帶。它以人民群眾喜聞樂(lè)見(jiàn)的形式,結(jié)合新中國(guó)成立初期黨的中心任務(wù)為內(nèi)容,極大地提高了廣大群眾的思想覺(jué)悟和認(rèn)識(shí),保證了黨和群眾在思想和行動(dòng)上的一致性,鞏固了黨的執(zhí)政根基,從而為新中國(guó)的政治和社會(huì)發(fā)展打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。 愛(ài)國(guó)公約運(yùn)動(dòng)既是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨組織群眾和教育群眾的一種行之有效的政治動(dòng)員模式,也是人民群眾自發(fā)創(chuàng)造的一種自我教育方式。抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)決策的提出使得愛(ài)國(guó)公約運(yùn)動(dòng)這一特殊的政治動(dòng)員模式又再次激發(fā)起民眾投身于國(guó)家的中心任務(wù)的熱情。由于新中國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)政策方面施行的是保護(hù)民族工商業(yè)和勞資兩利的政策,務(wù)實(shí)的民族手工業(yè)者便首先行動(dòng)起來(lái),以簽訂和履行愛(ài)國(guó)公約的形式表明自己擁護(hù)新政權(quán)和支援抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的決心。在民族工商業(yè)者的示范和帶動(dòng)下,全國(guó)各行各業(yè)的勞動(dòng)者都結(jié)合本行業(yè)特點(diǎn)制定出了符合自身實(shí)際的愛(ài)國(guó)公約。在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi),以增產(chǎn)節(jié)約、愛(ài)國(guó)捐獻(xiàn)、擁軍優(yōu)撫為內(nèi)容的愛(ài)國(guó)公約運(yùn)動(dòng)轟轟烈烈地開(kāi)展了起來(lái),不僅為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的勝利積累了物質(zhì)儲(chǔ)備,同時(shí)群眾的愛(ài)國(guó)熱情和行動(dòng)為奮戰(zhàn)在一線的志愿軍戰(zhàn)士提供了永不枯竭的力量源泉。 伴隨著抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)束,愛(ài)國(guó)公約運(yùn)動(dòng)也因其歷史使命的完成而退出了歷史舞臺(tái),但作為一種行之有效的政治動(dòng)員模式,愛(ài)國(guó)公約運(yùn)動(dòng)的成功開(kāi)展對(duì)于支援抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與國(guó)內(nèi)各方面建設(shè)所起的作用是功不可沒(méi)的。首先,增產(chǎn)節(jié)約和愛(ài)國(guó)捐獻(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的開(kāi)展積累了大量的物資儲(chǔ)備,很大程度上彌補(bǔ)了國(guó)家財(cái)政支出的不足,有力地在物質(zhì)上支援了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。其次,擁軍優(yōu)撫運(yùn)動(dòng)的成功開(kāi)展,極大地鼓舞了前線志愿軍將士的斗志,使得他們以飽滿的熱情和超人的毅力投入戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),從思想上確保了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中軍心和民心的穩(wěn)定。不僅如此,在制定和執(zhí)行愛(ài)國(guó)公約的過(guò)程中,黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民不僅總結(jié)和創(chuàng)造了很多好的辦法和機(jī)制,同時(shí)還拓展和完善了原有的組織機(jī)構(gòu)和組織資源。這些舉措的施行不僅有力地推動(dòng)了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的勝利,而且增強(qiáng)了民眾對(duì)于新政權(quán)的認(rèn)同和支持力度,強(qiáng)化了人民的主人翁意識(shí)和當(dāng)家做主的歷史責(zé)任感,通過(guò)對(duì)愛(ài)國(guó)公約運(yùn)動(dòng)中相關(guān)的史實(shí)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)和全面的梳理,我們不僅能夠以一個(gè)全新的視角認(rèn)識(shí)愛(ài)國(guó)公約運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展邏輯,同時(shí)也可以對(duì)今天和平建設(shè)時(shí)期政治生活中的制度設(shè)計(jì)有啟示意義。
[Abstract]:The patriotic convention movement is a great initiative of the Communist Party of China and our people. As far as the specific content of the patriotic convention movement is concerned, based on the needs of the development of the political and economic situation in the early days of the founding of New China, the broad masses of the people have established a series of patriotic conventions such as production, support for the army, and support for government. These patriotic conventions are not only the embodiment of people's patriotic enthusiasm and wisdom, but also the carrier and link of the will of the Party and government to the ordinary people. In a form that the masses like to see and combine with the central task of the Party in the early days of the founding of New China, it has greatly enhanced the ideological consciousness and understanding of the broad masses and ensured the unity of the party and the masses in their thinking and actions. Consolidated the ruling foundation of the party, thus laid a solid foundation for the political and social development of New China. The patriotic convention movement is not only an effective political mobilization mode for the Communist Party of China to organize and educate the masses, but also a self-education method created by the people spontaneously. The decision of "resisting US aggression and aiding Korea" made the patriotic convention movement a special political mobilization mode and aroused people's enthusiasm to devote themselves to the central task of the country again. Since the economic policy of the people's Republic of China is to protect the interests of industry, commerce and labor, the pragmatic ethnic handicraftsmen are the first to act. In the form of signing and fulfilling the patriotic convention, he expressed his determination to support the new regime and support the War of resisting US aggression and Aid Korea. With the demonstration and impetus of the national industrial and commercial people, the laborers of all kinds of industries in the whole country have formulated a patriotic convention in accordance with their own actual conditions in the light of the characteristics of their own industries. Throughout the country, the patriotic convention campaign, which is aimed at increasing production and saving, making patriotic donations and supporting the army as a priority, has been carried out vigorously, and not only has it accumulated material reserves for the victory of the war, At the same time, the patriotic enthusiasm and action of the masses provided an inexhaustible source of strength for the volunteers fighting on the front line. With the end of the War of resisting US aggression and Aid to Korea, the patriotic convention movement also withdrew from the historical stage because of the completion of its historical mission, but as an effective political mobilization mode, The successful development of the Patriotic Convention Movement played an important role in supporting the War of Resistance against US aggression and Aid Korea and all aspects of domestic construction. First of all, the campaign of increasing production and saving and patriotic donation has accumulated a large amount of material reserves for the war, which to a great extent made up for the insufficiency of the national financial expenditure, and has supported the war in a material way. Secondly, the successful development of the campaign greatly encouraged the fighting spirit of the front-line volunteers, made them enter the war with full enthusiasm and superhuman perseverance, and ensured the stability of the army and the people in the war ideologically. Moreover, in the process of formulating and implementing the patriotic convention, the party has led the people not only to sum up and create many good methods and mechanisms, but also to expand and improve the original organizational institutions and organizational resources. The implementation of these measures not only contributed to the victory of the war, but also strengthened the people's recognition and support for the new regime, and strengthened the people's sense of ownership and their sense of historical responsibility as masters of their own country. By systematically and comprehensively combing the relevant historical facts in the patriotic convention movement, we can not only understand the development logic of the patriotic convention movement from a new perspective, At the same time, it can also enlighten the system design of political life in the period of peace building today.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K27

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