略論清末修律與中國法律近代化的啟動(dòng)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-13 21:16
【摘要】： 清末修律是由封建統(tǒng)治集團(tuán)實(shí)行的近代意義上的法律變革,是從古代封建法律制度向近現(xiàn)代資本主義法律制度轉(zhuǎn)型的第一次努力。清末修律導(dǎo)致了綿延幾千年的中華法系走向解體,同時(shí)也使中國法律走上了近代化的道路。 中華法系是以中國封建法為主體的、東亞各國受其影響并建立相應(yīng)的法律制度的法文化體系。中華法系自形成以來對東亞各國的法律制度一直在產(chǎn)生著影響。但是,清末以來,西方列強(qiáng)不斷人侵東亞。它們在進(jìn)行侵略的同時(shí),也帶來了先進(jìn)的法制文化,對東亞各國產(chǎn)生了重大影響。日本通過明治維新,仿照大陸法系建立了自己的法律制度。不久,中國也開始了法律近代化旅程,大量翻譯、介紹西方的法規(guī)、法典,引進(jìn)西方特別是大陸法系國家的法律制度,建立了近代法律體系。 1902年到1911年,在沈家本等人的努力下,清政府法律修訂館,連同法制變革的另一機(jī)構(gòu)———憲政編篡館,翻譯了大量的外國著名法典與法學(xué)著作如德意志刑法、日本現(xiàn)行刑法等,制定或修訂了《大清新刑律》、《大清民律草案》等十多部主要法典和法典草案。與此同時(shí),清政府還聘請了岡田朝太郎、松岡義正等日本法學(xué)專家,幫助中國制定近代法典。這些法典中不僅有憲法、行政法規(guī)、刑法,也有民法、商法、經(jīng)濟(jì)法,還有訴訟法,其規(guī)模是空前的,門類也比較齊全。 晚清修律對中國社會(huì)具有積極意義,啟動(dòng)了中國法律近代化的腳步。如果說法典的效力只能行于一時(shí),那么貫穿于法典編纂過程中的對舊律原則、精神和理念的改造以及由此而形成的新理念,其影響則是深遠(yuǎn)的。晚清修律的價(jià)值,不僅表現(xiàn)為中國人法律意識(shí)的覺醒,而且還在于他為中國法律的近代轉(zhuǎn)型,確立了航標(biāo),奠下了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The law revision in the late Qing Dynasty was the legal reform in the modern sense carried out by the feudal ruling group, and it was the first effort to transform from the ancient feudal legal system to the modern capitalist legal system. The law revision in the late Qing Dynasty led to the disintegration of the Chinese legal system for thousands of years and the modernization of Chinese law. The Chinese legal system is based on the feudal law of China, and the countries of East Asia are influenced by it and set up the corresponding legal system of legal culture. Since the formation of the Chinese legal system, it has been exerting an influence on the legal system of East Asian countries. However, since the late Qing Dynasty, Western powers have been invading East Asia. In the course of aggression, they also brought advanced legal culture, which had a great influence on East Asian countries. Through the Meiji Restoration, Japan established its own legal system modelled on the continental law system. Soon, China also began the process of legal modernization, a large number of translations, introduction of western laws, codes, introduction of the Western legal system, especially in continental law countries, the establishment of a modern legal system. From 1902 to 1911, with the efforts of Shen Jiaben and others, the Qing government law revision hall, together with the constitutional compilation hall, another institution of legal reform, translated a large number of famous foreign codes and legal works such as German criminal law. The current criminal law of Japan has made or amended the Great Clean Criminal Law and the draft of the people's Law of the Qing Dynasty, and so on more than ten main codes and draft codes have been formulated or amended. At the same time, the Qing government hired Japanese law experts such as Taro Okada and Matsuoka Izhiro to help China formulate its modern code. There are not only constitutions, administrative regulations, criminal laws, but also civil, commercial, economic and procedural laws. The revision of the law in the late Qing Dynasty was of positive significance to Chinese society and initiated the modernization of Chinese law. If the validity of the code can only be applied for a while, the influence of the reform of the old law principle, the spirit and the idea and the new idea formed through the codification process is far-reaching. The value of the law revision in the late Qing Dynasty was not only the awakening of the Chinese legal consciousness, but also the fact that he established the navigation mark and laid the foundation for the modern transformation of Chinese law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D929;K257
本文編號(hào)：2377262
[Abstract]:The law revision in the late Qing Dynasty was the legal reform in the modern sense carried out by the feudal ruling group, and it was the first effort to transform from the ancient feudal legal system to the modern capitalist legal system. The law revision in the late Qing Dynasty led to the disintegration of the Chinese legal system for thousands of years and the modernization of Chinese law. The Chinese legal system is based on the feudal law of China, and the countries of East Asia are influenced by it and set up the corresponding legal system of legal culture. Since the formation of the Chinese legal system, it has been exerting an influence on the legal system of East Asian countries. However, since the late Qing Dynasty, Western powers have been invading East Asia. In the course of aggression, they also brought advanced legal culture, which had a great influence on East Asian countries. Through the Meiji Restoration, Japan established its own legal system modelled on the continental law system. Soon, China also began the process of legal modernization, a large number of translations, introduction of western laws, codes, introduction of the Western legal system, especially in continental law countries, the establishment of a modern legal system. From 1902 to 1911, with the efforts of Shen Jiaben and others, the Qing government law revision hall, together with the constitutional compilation hall, another institution of legal reform, translated a large number of famous foreign codes and legal works such as German criminal law. The current criminal law of Japan has made or amended the Great Clean Criminal Law and the draft of the people's Law of the Qing Dynasty, and so on more than ten main codes and draft codes have been formulated or amended. At the same time, the Qing government hired Japanese law experts such as Taro Okada and Matsuoka Izhiro to help China formulate its modern code. There are not only constitutions, administrative regulations, criminal laws, but also civil, commercial, economic and procedural laws. The revision of the law in the late Qing Dynasty was of positive significance to Chinese society and initiated the modernization of Chinese law. If the validity of the code can only be applied for a while, the influence of the reform of the old law principle, the spirit and the idea and the new idea formed through the codification process is far-reaching. The value of the law revision in the late Qing Dynasty was not only the awakening of the Chinese legal consciousness, but also the fact that he established the navigation mark and laid the foundation for the modern transformation of Chinese law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D929;K257
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