戰(zhàn)后武漢社會救濟事業(yè)研究(1945-1949年)
[Abstract]:During the seven years of the fall of Wuhan, thousands of people were homeless. Combined with the frequency of natural disasters and the outbreak of civil war, there were a large number of needy poor and refugees in Wuhan after the war. In order to solve the problem of relief for the poor and refugees, different levels of social relief organizations were established in Wuhan after the war. There are central and local organizations, governments and people. Taking the social relief work in Wuhan after the war (1945-1949) as the research object, this paper collects widely the archives and the newspapers and periodicals at that time, in order to make a relatively comprehensive introduction and more profound analysis to it. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter briefly analyzes the emergence of social relief in Wuhan after the War of Resistance against Japan. The so-called realistic reasons mainly refer to the problems left over by the War of Resistance against Japan, the natural disasters after the war and the large number of poor people in urgent need of relief created by the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. The second chapter discusses the relief activities of Wuhan interim Relief Committee. This chapter firstly combs the existence of relief agencies in Wuhan after the war, and then introduces the establishment of Wuhan interim Relief Committee and its relief activities. The Wuhan interim Relief Committee was an early social relief organization established by the government after the war. Its relief work to a certain extent helped the refugees and the poor, but due to the influence of insufficient funds and other factors, the relief effect was not satisfactory. However, some of its relief experience will be used for reference by some social relief organizations in Wuhan. The third chapter focuses on the relief situation in Hankou City, taking the Social Relief Committee of Hankou City as an example to analyze the development of local social relief undertakings and the operation of their funds. The Social Relief Committee of Hankou City went further than the Wuhan interim Relief Committee in such aspects as poverty relief, child relief, labor relief and so on. In the aspect of fund operation, it makes great efforts to mobilize the participation of social forces, so its relief funding sources are also broader. Chapter IV examines the social relief cause of civil society in Wuhan after the war. In the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, there were three towns in Wuhan, so this chapter takes Shantang as an example to introduce the general situation of civil society relief in Wuhan, in addition, it also discusses the relief activities of fellow townsfolk associations. In addition to their own relief activities, folk relief organizations in this period also undertook some relief activities of the government. Chapter V focuses on the government and civil cooperation in the cause of social relief examples. This chapter takes the winter relief, the porridge factory as an example, analyzes how the government and the folk relief organizations cooperate and cooperate in the aspect of social relief. In a word, this paper demonstrates the difficulties of relief activities in turbulent times by discussing the relief activities of the government, civil society, government and folk after the war. Social relief depends not only on the government, but also on the mobilization of social forces to participate in it. This may be a valuable experience left to us by the cause of social relief in Wuhan after the war.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2011
【分類號】:K266
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