【摘要】：南京英商和記洋行(International Export Company Kiangsu)是英國聯(lián)合冷藏公司在華分公司,1916年在香港注冊,位于南京下關(guān)寶塔橋江邊。 本文的研究折射出近代中國社會的轉(zhuǎn)型與變遷,對與近代史有重要聯(lián)系的諸如外商征地制度、不平等條約與外事保護(hù)、民族主義、共產(chǎn)主義革命乃至南京大屠殺等多個重要問題進(jìn)行了個案的分析與思考。 和記洋行主要從事雞蛋、牛肉等農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品的采購、生產(chǎn)及出口業(yè)務(wù),滿足歐美市場的食品需求,是聯(lián)合冷藏公司全球業(yè)務(wù)的重要組成部分。和記洋行的業(yè)務(wù)模式有利于傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)的市場化發(fā)展,也帶動了民族資本的投資,促進(jìn)行業(yè)的變革。 一戰(zhàn)期間,和記洋行承擔(dān)了保障英國食品供應(yīng)的戰(zhàn)略任務(wù),也得到了英國政府的外交支持,助其在華事業(yè)的發(fā)展。 和記洋行推動了近代南京城市化的發(fā)展,帶動了區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮,同時(shí)也吸納了大量的勞動力,造就了南京早期的產(chǎn)業(yè)工人。 近代南京動蕩的政治環(huán)境是和記洋行業(yè)務(wù)衰落的主要原因。 五卅運(yùn)動時(shí)期,和記洋行工人運(yùn)動產(chǎn)生了重要的政治影響。同時(shí),工人內(nèi)部在劫持羅步洲事件及是否堅(jiān)持罷工等問題上意見分歧,甚至對抗。本文也對“七·三一”慘案的來龍去脈做了一些探討。 1930年和記洋行失業(yè)工人引發(fā)的“四·三”慘案,是中國共產(chǎn)黨精心組織并施行的重大政治事件,本文結(jié)合了檔案及各種史料,再現(xiàn)了事件的經(jīng)過�！八摹と睉K案也導(dǎo)致了中國共產(chǎn)黨斗爭路線的急遽左傾,也是曉莊師范學(xué)校被強(qiáng)行封閉的直接原因。 由于持續(xù)不斷的工潮進(jìn)一步導(dǎo)致了生產(chǎn)的衰退,而業(yè)務(wù)的衰落又會進(jìn)一步激化勞資沖突,最終導(dǎo)致了和記的關(guān)廠。 同時(shí),本文也對南京大屠殺時(shí)期的和記洋行也做了細(xì)致的考證,維護(hù)歷史真相,也對學(xué)界關(guān)注較少的買辦韓永清、和記共產(chǎn)黨員鄧定海的有關(guān)史事進(jìn)行了考證,有助于有關(guān)研究的進(jìn)一步深入。 本文研究認(rèn)為,南京英商和記洋行從其創(chuàng)辦,發(fā)展、衰落直到1956年被改造為南京市肉聯(lián)廠,也見證了近代中國、近代南京的風(fēng)云變幻。 南京英商和記洋行的歷史也是南京近代重要的歷史文化資源。
[Abstract]:(International Export Company Kiangsu) is a branch of United Refrigeration Company in China. It was registered in Hong Kong in 1916 and is located on the river side of Baota Bridge in Xiaguan, Nanjing. The study of this paper reflects the transformation and changes of modern Chinese society, which has important connection with modern history, such as foreign land expropriation system, unequal treaties and foreign affairs protection, nationalism. The communist revolution and even the Nanjing Massacre and other important issues were analyzed and considered. Hutchison mainly engaged in the procurement, production and export of eggs, beef and other agricultural products, to meet the food needs of the European and American markets, is an important part of the global business of the United Refrigeration Company. The business model of Hutchison Foreign Bank is conducive to the marketization of traditional agriculture, and also promotes the investment of national capital and the reform of the industry. During World War I, Hutchison undertook the strategic task of safeguarding British food supply and received diplomatic support from the British government to help it develop its business in China. Hutchison foreign trade promoted the development of modern Nanjing urbanization, brought about the prosperity of regional economy, at the same time absorbed a large number of labor force, and brought up the early industrial workers in Nanjing. The turbulent political environment in modern Nanjing is the main reason for the decline of Hutchison's foreign business. During the May 30 th Movement, the Hutchison Workers' Movement had an important political influence. At the same time, workers on the abduction of Lo Buzhou and whether to insist on the strike and other issues of disagreement, or even confrontation. This paper also discusses the origin of the July 1st tragedy. The "four three" tragedy caused by the unemployed workers of Hutchison in 1930 is an important political event carefully organized and carried out by the Communist Party of China. This paper combines the archives and various historical materials and reproduces the course of the incident. The tragedy also led to the sharp left-leaning of the Communist Party of China's struggle line, and was the direct cause of the forced closure of Xiaozhuang normal School. As a result of the continuous labor wave, which led to the decline of production, and the decline of business will further intensify labor conflicts, which eventually led to the closure of Hutchison's factory. At the same time, this paper also makes a detailed textual research on the Hutchison Foreign Bank during the Nanjing Massacre to safeguard the historical truth, and also makes textual research on the relevant history of Han Yongqing, a comprador, and Deng Dinghai, a member of the Hutchison Communist, who has paid less attention to the academic circles. It is helpful for further research. In this paper, the author thinks that Nanjing British Merchants and Foreign Trade Company has been transformed into Nanjing Meat Union Factory since its founding, development and decline in 1956, and witnessed the vicissitudes of modern China and Nanjing. The history of Nanjing British Merchants and overseas Journals is also an important historical and cultural resource of Nanjing in modern times.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：K25

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本文編號：2307319