近代安徽農業(yè)種植結構變遷研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-02 08:44
【摘要】：1840年鴉片戰(zhàn)爭以后,安徽進入近代社會。作為農業(yè)重要組成部分之一的種植業(yè),在國際國內經(jīng)濟環(huán)境發(fā)生重大變化的背景下,出現(xiàn)了許多新的因素。本文擬通過對以下四部分的論述,探究近代安徽農業(yè)種植結構的變遷過程、動因及其與安徽經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的互動關系。 安徽襟江帶淮,分為皖北平原、江淮丘陵和皖南山區(qū)三大自然區(qū)域；氣候溫暖濕潤,土壤肥沃,農業(yè)自然地理環(huán)境適合農作物的生長。安徽擁有悠久的農業(yè)發(fā)展史,明清時代作物生產、農田水利等己達到相當水平。近代以前皖省傳統(tǒng)農作物種植主要包括水稻、麥、棉花、茶葉、豆類、蠶桑等,整體呈現(xiàn)出糧食作物種植占主導,經(jīng)濟作物種植開始發(fā)展的特征。 近代安徽糧食作物與經(jīng)濟作物種植變遷各有特點：糧食作物以水稻和麥類為主,前者是清末皖省最主要的出口農產品,在種植面積和產量方面均占據(jù)首位；后者商品化程度提高很快,新品種的研制和推廣成就顯著。棉花、茶葉、煙草等經(jīng)濟作物發(fā)展較快,由于此類產品市場價值較高,人們在經(jīng)濟利益驅使下,樂于接受種植新品種,并主動擴大種植面積,這也在局部地區(qū)造成經(jīng)濟作物擠占糧食作物種植的情況。 農業(yè)種植結構的變化是一定自然地理環(huán)境、社會經(jīng)濟結構、生產技術條件和農民傳統(tǒng)習慣等多種因素綜合作用的產物。其中,農業(yè)商品化的拉動、近代交通運輸業(yè)的發(fā)展以及近代手工業(yè)、工業(yè)對農業(yè)原材料的需求,均是促使近代安徽農業(yè)種植結構發(fā)生變化的重要因素。 種植業(yè)在農業(yè)生產各部門中居基礎性地位。近代安徽農業(yè)種植結構與農村的養(yǎng)蠶業(yè)、糧油加工業(yè)、農村金融業(yè)等非農產業(yè)以及農民的飲食結構、收入等方面關系密切。農作物規(guī)模化、區(qū)域化種植,帶動地區(qū)間農業(yè)商品貿易的發(fā)展,繁榮的市場貿易使得近代安徽形成了江淮地區(qū)的糧油貿易、皖西皖南地區(qū)的茶葉貿易和皖北地區(qū)煙草等經(jīng)濟作物貿易為主的三大農村集市、城鎮(zhèn)集中分布區(qū)。
[Abstract]:After the Opium War of 1840, Anhui entered the modern society. As one of the important parts of agriculture, many new factors have emerged in the background of great changes in the international and domestic economic environment. In this paper, the following four parts of the discussion, to explore the modern Anhui agricultural planting structure of the vicissitude process, motivation and the interaction with the economic and social development of Anhui. There are three natural regions in Anhui Province, I. e. Northern Anhui Plain, Jianghuai Hilly area and Southern Anhui Mountain area. The climate is warm and humid, the soil is fertile, and the agricultural natural geographical environment is suitable for the growth of crops. Anhui has a long history of agricultural development, the Ming and Qing dynasties crop production, irrigation and water has reached a considerable level. Before modern times, traditional crops in Anhui Province mainly included rice, wheat, cotton, tea, beans, sericulture and so on. In modern Anhui Province, grain crops and cash crops had their own characteristics: Rice and wheat were the main crops, the former was the most important agricultural product of Anhui Province in the end of Qing Dynasty, and occupied the first place in planting area and yield. The degree of commercialization of the latter quickly increased, the development and promotion of new varieties of remarkable achievements. Cash crops such as cotton, tea and tobacco are developing faster. Because of the high market value of such products, people are willing to accept the planting of new varieties and take the initiative to expand the planting area, driven by economic benefits. This also causes cash crops to run out of food crops in some areas. The change of agricultural planting structure is the result of many factors, such as natural geographical environment, social and economic structure, production technical conditions and farmers' traditional habits and so on. Among them, the promotion of agricultural commercialization, the development of modern transportation industry and the demand of modern handicraft industry for agricultural raw materials are the important factors to promote the change of agricultural planting structure in modern Anhui. Planting plays a fundamental role in all sectors of agricultural production. The structure of agricultural planting in modern Anhui is closely related to the sericulture industry, grain and oil processing industry, rural financial industry and other non-agricultural industries, as well as the diet structure and income of farmers. The large-scale and regionalized cultivation of crops led to the development of inter-regional agricultural commodity trade. The prosperous market trade led to the formation of grain and oil trade in the Jianghuai region in modern Anhui. There are three rural bazaars in the west and south of Anhui province, and the distribution areas of towns and cities are mainly the trade of tobacco and other cash crops in the north of Anhui province.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：F329;K25
本文編號：2218841
[Abstract]:After the Opium War of 1840, Anhui entered the modern society. As one of the important parts of agriculture, many new factors have emerged in the background of great changes in the international and domestic economic environment. In this paper, the following four parts of the discussion, to explore the modern Anhui agricultural planting structure of the vicissitude process, motivation and the interaction with the economic and social development of Anhui. There are three natural regions in Anhui Province, I. e. Northern Anhui Plain, Jianghuai Hilly area and Southern Anhui Mountain area. The climate is warm and humid, the soil is fertile, and the agricultural natural geographical environment is suitable for the growth of crops. Anhui has a long history of agricultural development, the Ming and Qing dynasties crop production, irrigation and water has reached a considerable level. Before modern times, traditional crops in Anhui Province mainly included rice, wheat, cotton, tea, beans, sericulture and so on. In modern Anhui Province, grain crops and cash crops had their own characteristics: Rice and wheat were the main crops, the former was the most important agricultural product of Anhui Province in the end of Qing Dynasty, and occupied the first place in planting area and yield. The degree of commercialization of the latter quickly increased, the development and promotion of new varieties of remarkable achievements. Cash crops such as cotton, tea and tobacco are developing faster. Because of the high market value of such products, people are willing to accept the planting of new varieties and take the initiative to expand the planting area, driven by economic benefits. This also causes cash crops to run out of food crops in some areas. The change of agricultural planting structure is the result of many factors, such as natural geographical environment, social and economic structure, production technical conditions and farmers' traditional habits and so on. Among them, the promotion of agricultural commercialization, the development of modern transportation industry and the demand of modern handicraft industry for agricultural raw materials are the important factors to promote the change of agricultural planting structure in modern Anhui. Planting plays a fundamental role in all sectors of agricultural production. The structure of agricultural planting in modern Anhui is closely related to the sericulture industry, grain and oil processing industry, rural financial industry and other non-agricultural industries, as well as the diet structure and income of farmers. The large-scale and regionalized cultivation of crops led to the development of inter-regional agricultural commodity trade. The prosperous market trade led to the formation of grain and oil trade in the Jianghuai region in modern Anhui. There are three rural bazaars in the west and south of Anhui province, and the distribution areas of towns and cities are mainly the trade of tobacco and other cash crops in the north of Anhui province.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：F329;K25
【引證文獻】
相關碩士學位論文 前1條
1 烏瑋琪;農業(yè)種植結構變化及其效果評價研究[D];內蒙古農業(yè)大學;2012年
，本文編號：2218841
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