論國民政府對花園口事件的善后處理
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-21 13:59
【摘要】：1938年徐州失守后,中原重鎮(zhèn)鄭州岌岌可危,戰(zhàn)時首都武漢、西北西南抗戰(zhàn)大后方也都面臨日軍侵略的嚴重威脅,國民政府為了阻止日軍對鄭州的進攻,命令第一戰(zhàn)區(qū)的商震部隊在河南境內的趙口和花園口處,將黃河南岸大堤掘開,以水淹進犯鄭州的日軍部隊。黃水泛濫成災后,國民政府出于爭取國際國內輿論、為抗戰(zhàn)建國積蓄人力物力等多方面因素的考慮,采取了一系列的積極善后措施,以凝聚民族力量爭取抗日戰(zhàn)爭的勝利。在抗戰(zhàn)時期,國民政府面臨巨大的財政壓力,因此,黃災救濟主要是集中在受災最嚴重的河南省地區(qū)。本文以國民政府對該事件發(fā)生后的宣傳報道和對河南災區(qū)的切實救濟為論述重點,以《大公報》和《申報》為重要文獻依托,以期全面客觀的了解花園口事件始末。全文共分三個部分,詳細論述花園口事件、國民政府的善后處理措施和善后措施評價。第一部分是對花園口事件的概述,包括花園口事件發(fā)生前中國正面戰(zhàn)場的抗戰(zhàn)局勢、花園口決堤決策的提出和實施過程、黃水泛濫帶來的巨大災難和軍事意義。第二部分重點論述花園口事件后國民政府的善后處理,該事件發(fā)生后,國民政府一方面加強了輿論宣傳,譴責日軍暴行和激勵全國民眾積極抗戰(zhàn)保家衛(wèi)國,另一方面在受災最嚴重的河南災區(qū)開展多項切實的善后救濟活動,包括派員安撫救濟、移民墾殖、搶堵黃河決口和修筑防泛新堤等內容。第三部分對國民政府善后措施作簡要評價,國民政府在黃災之后采取的一系列積極善后措施,不僅為無數災民提供了生活保障,也極大的凝聚了全民族的抗戰(zhàn)力量,因而在抗日戰(zhàn)爭時期發(fā)揮著重要作用。但是,國民政府對黃災的救濟措施存在著救災時間滯后、資金投入不足等問題。
[Abstract]:After the fall of Xuzhou in 1938, Zhengzhou, an important town in the Central Plains, was at risk. In order to stop the Japanese attack on Zhengzhou, the Nationalist Government also faced a serious threat of Japanese aggression against Wuhan, the wartime capital and the main rear area of the Southwest Anti-Japanese War in northwest China. The commercial earthquake troops of the first war zone were ordered to dig the embankments on the south bank of the Yellow River at Zhaokou and Huayuankou in Henan Province and to flood the Japanese troops who invaded Zhengzhou with water. After the flood of yellow water, the national government took a series of positive measures to win over the international and domestic public opinion and save manpower and material resources for the establishment of the War of Resistance against Japan, in order to rally the national strength for the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan. During the Anti-Japanese War, the national government faced great financial pressure, so the relief of Huang disaster was mainly concentrated in Henan Province, which was the worst hit area. This paper focuses on the propaganda report of the National Government after the incident and the practical relief to the disaster areas in Henan Province, and takes "Ta Kung Pao" and "Declaration" as the important documents, in order to comprehensively and objectively understand the beginning and the end of the Huayuankou incident. The thesis is divided into three parts, including the Huayuankou incident, the post-treatment measures of the National Government and the evaluation of the after-care measures. The first part is an overview of the Huayuankou incident, including the situation of anti-Japanese war in China's front battlefield before the Huayuankou incident, the proposal and implementation process of Huayuankou breakwater decision, and the great disaster and military significance brought about by the flood of yellow water. The second part focuses on the post-treatment of the National Government after the Huayuankou incident. After the incident, the National Government, on the one hand, intensified the propaganda of public opinion, condemned the atrocities of the Japanese army and encouraged the people throughout the country to actively fight against Japan to defend their country. On the other hand, a number of practical relief activities have been carried out in Henan disaster areas, which are the worst hit areas, including sending personnel to appease relief, resettling people, robbing the Yellow River to break the gulf and building new levees. The third part makes a brief evaluation of the measures taken by the National Government to deal with the aftermath of the disaster. The series of positive measures adopted by the National Government after the Yellow disaster not only provided a living guarantee for countless victims, but also greatly condensed the strength of the whole nation in the war of resistance. Therefore, it played an important role in the War of Resistance against Japan. However, there are some problems in the relief measures of the national government, such as the lag of relief time and insufficient investment of funds.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：K265
本文編號：2195958
[Abstract]:After the fall of Xuzhou in 1938, Zhengzhou, an important town in the Central Plains, was at risk. In order to stop the Japanese attack on Zhengzhou, the Nationalist Government also faced a serious threat of Japanese aggression against Wuhan, the wartime capital and the main rear area of the Southwest Anti-Japanese War in northwest China. The commercial earthquake troops of the first war zone were ordered to dig the embankments on the south bank of the Yellow River at Zhaokou and Huayuankou in Henan Province and to flood the Japanese troops who invaded Zhengzhou with water. After the flood of yellow water, the national government took a series of positive measures to win over the international and domestic public opinion and save manpower and material resources for the establishment of the War of Resistance against Japan, in order to rally the national strength for the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan. During the Anti-Japanese War, the national government faced great financial pressure, so the relief of Huang disaster was mainly concentrated in Henan Province, which was the worst hit area. This paper focuses on the propaganda report of the National Government after the incident and the practical relief to the disaster areas in Henan Province, and takes "Ta Kung Pao" and "Declaration" as the important documents, in order to comprehensively and objectively understand the beginning and the end of the Huayuankou incident. The thesis is divided into three parts, including the Huayuankou incident, the post-treatment measures of the National Government and the evaluation of the after-care measures. The first part is an overview of the Huayuankou incident, including the situation of anti-Japanese war in China's front battlefield before the Huayuankou incident, the proposal and implementation process of Huayuankou breakwater decision, and the great disaster and military significance brought about by the flood of yellow water. The second part focuses on the post-treatment of the National Government after the Huayuankou incident. After the incident, the National Government, on the one hand, intensified the propaganda of public opinion, condemned the atrocities of the Japanese army and encouraged the people throughout the country to actively fight against Japan to defend their country. On the other hand, a number of practical relief activities have been carried out in Henan disaster areas, which are the worst hit areas, including sending personnel to appease relief, resettling people, robbing the Yellow River to break the gulf and building new levees. The third part makes a brief evaluation of the measures taken by the National Government to deal with the aftermath of the disaster. The series of positive measures adopted by the National Government after the Yellow disaster not only provided a living guarantee for countless victims, but also greatly condensed the strength of the whole nation in the war of resistance. Therefore, it played an important role in the War of Resistance against Japan. However, there are some problems in the relief measures of the national government, such as the lag of relief time and insufficient investment of funds.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：K265
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相關博士學位論文 前1條
1 鮑夢隱;黃河決、堵口問題研究[D];山東大學;2013年
相關碩士學位論文 前1條
1 王向文;論抗日戰(zhàn)爭時期國民黨政府的“焦土抗戰(zhàn)”政策[D];中南大學;2005年
，本文編號：2195958
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