蘇聯(lián)、共產(chǎn)國際與北伐戰(zhàn)爭（1926-1927）
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-16 15:17
【摘要】：1926-1927年的北伐,是國共合作時期最有影響力、很值得人們研究的一個重要歷史事件。國共合作是在蘇聯(lián)、共產(chǎn)國際的指導(dǎo)與幫助下形成和發(fā)展起來的。因此,蘇聯(lián)、共產(chǎn)國際與北伐戰(zhàn)爭有著密切的關(guān)系。蘇聯(lián)、共產(chǎn)國際出于自身利益的需求,支持、指導(dǎo)中國革命,提出國共合作戰(zhàn)略。 國共合作建立后,尤其是五卅運動爆發(fā)后,全國革命形勢不斷高漲,南北方形勢發(fā)生了重大變化,北伐因此被提上議程。但在是否進行北伐問題上,蘇聯(lián)、共產(chǎn)國際出于當時國際、國內(nèi)形勢的考慮與國共兩黨持有不同的態(tài)度。盡管如此,并沒有影響北伐的順利進行。隨著北伐形勢的發(fā)展,蘇聯(lián)、共產(chǎn)國際與國共兩黨最終達成一致,全力支持北伐,在政治、財力、人力等方面為北伐提供了大量的援助。正是在蘇聯(lián)、共產(chǎn)國際的指導(dǎo)與幫助下,北伐在不到10個月的時間里,就基本消滅了吳孫兩大軍閥,革命勢力由珠江流域擴展到長江流域,得到了空前的發(fā)展,動搖了帝國主義和封建軍閥在中國的統(tǒng)治。從這個意義上說,北伐取得了勝利。蘇聯(lián)、共產(chǎn)國際對北伐戰(zhàn)爭的勝利是功不可沒的。 但北伐并沒有實現(xiàn)“打倒列強,除軍閥”的根本目的,以蔣介石為首的新右派竊取了革命果實,成了新軍閥和帝國主義在中國新代言人。這當然與蘇聯(lián)、共產(chǎn)國際對中國革命的指導(dǎo)分不開。蘇聯(lián)、共產(chǎn)國際一開始就重視、高估國民黨,看不起共產(chǎn)黨,所以提倡實行黨內(nèi)合作的戰(zhàn)略模式。正是在這種合作模式的影響下,蘇聯(lián)、共產(chǎn)國際對蔣介石、汪精衛(wèi)等國民黨新右派一直抱有幻想,對其制造的反共事件,缺乏實質(zhì)性的認識,一味采取妥協(xié)退讓求團結(jié)的合作方針,借以防止國共兩黨統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線的破裂。結(jié)果不但沒有挽救國共統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線,反而助長并加快了他們反革命的步伐。蔣介石、汪精衛(wèi)相繼叛變革命,北伐的勝利果實被以蔣介石、汪精衛(wèi)為首的大地主、大資產(chǎn)階級所竊取。從這個意義上說,北伐雖然基本消滅了孫吳兩大軍閥的勢力,卻失敗了。不可否認,蘇聯(lián)、共產(chǎn)國際有著難以推卸的責任。總之,北伐戰(zhàn)爭與蘇聯(lián)、共產(chǎn)國際有著密切的關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:The Northern Expedition in 1926-1927 was the most influential historical event in the period of KMT-CPC cooperation. KMT-CPC cooperation was formed and developed under the guidance and help of the Soviet Union and the Communist International. Therefore, the Soviet Union, the Communist International and the Northern Expedition had a close relationship. The Soviet Union and Comintern supported and guided the Chinese revolution and put forward the strategy of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. After the establishment of the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, especially after the May 30th Movement broke out, the revolutionary situation in the whole country was constantly rising, and the situation in the south and the north had undergone major changes, so the Northern Expedition was put on the agenda. However, on the question of whether to carry out the Northern Expedition, the Soviet Union and the Comintern held different attitudes from the KMT and the CPC because of the international situation at that time. However, it did not affect the smooth progress of the Northern Expedition. With the development of the Northern Expedition situation, the Soviet Union, the Communist International and the Kuomintang and the Communist Party finally reached an agreement, fully supported the Northern Expedition, in political, financial, human and other aspects of the Northern Expedition provided a large number of assistance. It was under the guidance and assistance of the Soviet Union and the Communist International that in less than 10 months the Northern Expedition basically eliminated the two warlords of Wu Sun, and the revolutionary forces expanded from the Pearl River Basin to the Yangtze River Basin, and achieved unprecedented development. It has shaken the rule of imperialism and feudal warlords in China. In this sense, the Northern Expedition won. The victory of the Soviet Union and the Communist International over the Northern Expedition was indelible. However, the Northern Expedition did not achieve the fundamental goal of "toppling the powers, except the warlords". The New Rightists led by Jiang Jieshi stole the fruits of the revolution and became the new spokesmen of the New warlords and imperialists in China. This, of course, is inseparable from the Soviet Union and the Communist International's guidance of the Chinese revolution. The Soviet Union and Comintern paid attention to, overestimated the Kuomintang and despised the Communist Party from the beginning, so they advocated the implementation of the strategic model of inner-party cooperation. It was under the influence of this mode of cooperation that the Soviet Union and the Comintern had always had illusions about the new rightists of the Kuomintang, such as Jiang Jieshi and Wang Jingwei, and lacked a substantive understanding of the anti-Communist incidents they had created. The cooperative policy of compromise, compromise and unity is used to prevent the breakup of the United front between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Instead of saving the Kuomintang-Communist United front, the result was to encourage and accelerate their counter-revolutionary pace. Jiang Jieshi and Wang Jingwei mutinied and the fruits of the Northern Expedition were stolen by the big landlords and the big bourgeoisie, led by Jiang Jieshi and Wang Jingwei. In this sense, although the Northern Expedition basically eliminated the two great warlords, but failed. Undeniably, the Soviet Union and the Comintern have unshirkable responsibilities. In short, the Northern Expedition War and the Soviet Union, Comintern has a close relationship.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D16;K262;D231
[Abstract]:The Northern Expedition in 1926-1927 was the most influential historical event in the period of KMT-CPC cooperation. KMT-CPC cooperation was formed and developed under the guidance and help of the Soviet Union and the Communist International. Therefore, the Soviet Union, the Communist International and the Northern Expedition had a close relationship. The Soviet Union and Comintern supported and guided the Chinese revolution and put forward the strategy of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. After the establishment of the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, especially after the May 30th Movement broke out, the revolutionary situation in the whole country was constantly rising, and the situation in the south and the north had undergone major changes, so the Northern Expedition was put on the agenda. However, on the question of whether to carry out the Northern Expedition, the Soviet Union and the Comintern held different attitudes from the KMT and the CPC because of the international situation at that time. However, it did not affect the smooth progress of the Northern Expedition. With the development of the Northern Expedition situation, the Soviet Union, the Communist International and the Kuomintang and the Communist Party finally reached an agreement, fully supported the Northern Expedition, in political, financial, human and other aspects of the Northern Expedition provided a large number of assistance. It was under the guidance and assistance of the Soviet Union and the Communist International that in less than 10 months the Northern Expedition basically eliminated the two warlords of Wu Sun, and the revolutionary forces expanded from the Pearl River Basin to the Yangtze River Basin, and achieved unprecedented development. It has shaken the rule of imperialism and feudal warlords in China. In this sense, the Northern Expedition won. The victory of the Soviet Union and the Communist International over the Northern Expedition was indelible. However, the Northern Expedition did not achieve the fundamental goal of "toppling the powers, except the warlords". The New Rightists led by Jiang Jieshi stole the fruits of the revolution and became the new spokesmen of the New warlords and imperialists in China. This, of course, is inseparable from the Soviet Union and the Communist International's guidance of the Chinese revolution. The Soviet Union and Comintern paid attention to, overestimated the Kuomintang and despised the Communist Party from the beginning, so they advocated the implementation of the strategic model of inner-party cooperation. It was under the influence of this mode of cooperation that the Soviet Union and the Comintern had always had illusions about the new rightists of the Kuomintang, such as Jiang Jieshi and Wang Jingwei, and lacked a substantive understanding of the anti-Communist incidents they had created. The cooperative policy of compromise, compromise and unity is used to prevent the breakup of the United front between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Instead of saving the Kuomintang-Communist United front, the result was to encourage and accelerate their counter-revolutionary pace. Jiang Jieshi and Wang Jingwei mutinied and the fruits of the Northern Expedition were stolen by the big landlords and the big bourgeoisie, led by Jiang Jieshi and Wang Jingwei. In this sense, although the Northern Expedition basically eliminated the two great warlords, but failed. Undeniably, the Soviet Union and the Comintern have unshirkable responsibilities. In short, the Northern Expedition War and the Soviet Union, Comintern has a close relationship.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D16;K262;D231
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
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2 ;北伐戰(zhàn)爭勝利的根本原因新探[J];北方論叢;1996年02期
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